ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Tobacco company misrepresented danger from cigarettes, study suggests
• Master controller of memory identified
• Patterns of connections reveal brain functions
• Why are older people happier?
• Scientists map the frontiers of vision
• Drug to treat HIV in children shows promise via national clinical trial
• Hopes for reversing age-associated effects in MS patients
• Malignancy-risk gene signature for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer found
• Another outbreak of coral disease hits the reefs of Kane'ohe Bay, O'ahu
• Abiraterone for prostate cancer: Indication of considerable added benefit in certain patients
• Type 2 diabetes: Added benefit of linagliptin is not proven, study suggests
• How poor maternal diet can increase risk of diabetes: New mechanism discovered
• Statins may increase risk of interstitial lung abnormalities in smokers
• Cancer treatment with minor side effects
• Differing dangers at sea
• Measuring the dialogue between cortical areas in non-communicating patients
• Moderate red wine drinking may help cut women’s breast cancer risk, study suggests
• Cancer drugs help the hardest cases of Pompe disease
• Research demonstrating link between virus and MS could point the way to treatment and prevention

Tobacco company misrepresented danger from cigarettes, study suggests Posted: 06 Jan 2012 01:49 PM PST A new analysis of tobacco industry documents shows that Philip Morris USA manipulated data on the effects of additives in cigarettes, including menthol, obscuring actual toxicity levels and increasing the risk of heart, cancer and other diseases for smokers, study says.

Master controller of memory identified Posted: 06 Jan 2012 01:49 PM PST One gene appears to regulate the brain's ability to form new memories.

Patterns of connections reveal brain functions Posted: 06 Jan 2012 01:49 PM PST Neuroscientists have identified face-recognition areas based on what parts of the brain they link to.

Why are older people happier? Posted: 06 Jan 2012 10:59 AM PST Older people tend to be happier. But why? Some psychologists believe that cognitive processes are responsible -- in particular, focusing on and remembering positive events and leaving behind negative ones; those processes, they think, help older people regulate their emotions, letting them view life in a sunnier light.

Scientists map the frontiers of vision Posted: 06 Jan 2012 10:58 AM PST Pioneering vision study in mice will help revolutionize the study of brain function and mental disease.

Drug to treat HIV in children shows promise via national clinical trial Posted: 06 Jan 2012 10:58 AM PST For children with HIV infection, the FDA approval of the use of raltegravir, an antiretroviral drug that slows the spread of HIV infection, offers a new weapon to treat HIV infection in children.

Hopes for reversing age-associated effects in MS patients Posted: 06 Jan 2012 10:03 AM PST New research highlights the possibility of reversing aging in the central nervous system for multiple sclerosis patients.

Malignancy-risk gene signature for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer found Posted: 06 Jan 2012 08:30 AM PST A malignancy-risk gene signature developed for breast cancer has been found to have predictive and prognostic value for patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer.

Another outbreak of coral disease hits the reefs of Kane'ohe Bay, O'ahu Posted: 06 Jan 2012 08:07 AM PST In March 2010 an outbreak of a disease called acute Montipora White Syndrome (MWS) was discovered affecting coral reefs in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu. Follow-up surveys found that the disease left trails of rubble in its wake. It was estimated that over 100 colonies of rice coral died during that initial outbreak. The disease has reappeared and is killing corals in Kaneohe Bay. The current outbreak has already affected 198 colonies.

Abiraterone for prostate cancer: Indication of considerable added benefit in certain patients Posted: 06 Jan 2012 08:05 AM PST Abiraterone acetate is approved for treatment of metastatic prostate cancer that can no longer be treated with hormones and progresses further during or after therapy with the cytostatic drug docetaxel. Researchers found an indication of a considerable added benefit of abiraterone in patients who are not eligible for further treatment with docetaxel. In contrast, an added benefit is not proven in patients who can still be treated with docetaxel.

Type 2 diabetes: Added benefit of linagliptin is not proven, study suggests Posted: 06 Jan 2012 08:05 AM PST Linagliptin is approved to improve blood glucose control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. As the drug manufacturer chose a different appropriate comparator therapy than specified by the Federal Joint Committee, no proof of an added benefit of linagliptin can be inferred from the manufacturer's dossier.

How poor maternal diet can increase risk of diabetes: New mechanism discovered Posted: 06 Jan 2012 08:05 AM PST Researchers have shown one way in which poor nutrition in the womb can put a person at greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes and other age-related diseases in later life. This finding could lead to new ways of identifying people who are at a higher risk of developing these diseases and might open up targets for treatment.

Statins may increase risk of interstitial lung abnormalities in smokers Posted: 06 Jan 2012 08:05 AM PST Use of statins may influence susceptibility to or the progression of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in smokers, according to a new study.

Cancer treatment with minor side effects Posted: 06 Jan 2012 08:02 AM PST Side effects are currently the biggest problem with any cancer treatment. A new company is drawing closer to the goal of creating a treatment which kills only cancer cells, leaving other cells unaffected.

Differing dangers at sea Posted: 06 Jan 2012 08:02 AM PST The probability of being killed at work is 25 times higher for a coastal fisherman than for an offshore worker, according to a new study.

Measuring the dialogue between cortical areas in non-communicating patients Posted: 06 Jan 2012 08:02 AM PST Measuring the level of internal brain communication allows single-subject discrimination between vegetative state patients and patients who recover a minimal level of consciousness, study suggests. Crucially, this can be obtained at the bedside and does not rely on the integrity of sensory and motor pathways nor on the subject's ability to comprehend or carry out instructions.

Moderate red wine drinking may help cut women’s breast cancer risk, study suggests Posted: 06 Jan 2012 07:59 AM PST Drinking red wine in moderation may reduce one of the risk factors for breast cancer, providing a natural weapon to combat a major cause of death among U.S. women, new research shows.

Cancer drugs help the hardest cases of Pompe disease Posted: 05 Jan 2012 02:58 PM PST Kids with Pompe disease fail because of a missing enzyme, GAA, that leads to dangerous sugar build-up, which affects muscles and movement. An enzyme replacement treatment has saved many lives, but some children with Pompe disease produce an immune reaction that blocks the benefits of the life-saving enzyme treatment.

Research demonstrating link between virus and MS could point the way to treatment and prevention Posted: 05 Jan 2012 08:20 AM PST A new study from researchers at Queen Mary, University of London shows how a particular virus tricks the immune system into triggering inflammation and nerve cell damage in the brain, which is known to cause MS.

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