ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Dairy researchers identify bacterial spoilers in milk
• Sweat glands grown from newly identified stem cells
• Severe flu increases risk of Parkinson's
• Genetic markers for testosterone, estrogen level regulation identified
• Paramedics can speed treatment for severe heart attacks with use of ECGs
• Unique mechanism identified in bacteria as potential target for developing new antibiotics
• Angry Birds meets bioinformatics
• Stem cell research aids understanding of cancer
• 3-D tumor models improve drug discovery success rate
• Beneficial bacteria may help ward off infection
• Cell research opens new avenues in combating neurodegenerative diseases
• Modifying surfaces by means of nanostructured reliefs to prevent the spread of bacteria
• DNDi and Cipla to develop four-in-one pediatric antiretroviral drug combination
• Anxiety disorders in poor moms likely to result from poverty, not mental illness, study suggests
• Parkinson's: Newly discovered antibody could facilitate early diagnosis
• Go-fast 'dimples' may be the secret to running success
• How hosts recognize bacteria
• Vitamin D may protect lung function in smokers
• NIH to test maraviroc-based drug regimens for HIV prevention
• HIV injection could someday replace daily pill regimen

Dairy researchers identify bacterial spoilers in milk Posted: 20 Jul 2012 05:15 PM PDT Our days of crying over spoiled milk could be over, thanks to food scientists. Milk undergoes heat treatment -- pasteurization -- to kill off microbes that can cause food spoilage and disease, but certain bacterial strains can survive this heat shock as spores and cause milk to curdle in storage.

Sweat glands grown from newly identified stem cells Posted: 20 Jul 2012 05:01 PM PDT To date, few fundamentals have been known about the most common gland in the body, the sweat glands that are essential to controlling body temperature, allowing humans to live in the world's diverse climates. Now, in a tour de force, researchers have identified, in mice, the stem cell from which sweat glands initially develop as well as stem cells that regenerate adult sweat glands.

Severe flu increases risk of Parkinson's Posted: 20 Jul 2012 10:57 AM PDT Severe influenza doubles the odds that a person will develop Parkinson's disease later in life, according to researchers.

Genetic markers for testosterone, estrogen level regulation identified Posted: 20 Jul 2012 07:35 AM PDT Scientists have identified genetic markers that influence a protein involved in regulating estrogen and testosterone levels in the bloodstream.

Paramedics can speed treatment for severe heart attacks with use of ECGs Posted: 20 Jul 2012 07:35 AM PDT A new program that trains emergency medical service technicians to read electrocardiograms so that they can evaluate patients with chest pain, and expedite treatment for the severe heart condition known as ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, a serious form of heart attack, has excellent results and should become the standard of care, according to two new studies.

Unique mechanism identified in bacteria as potential target for developing new antibiotics Posted: 20 Jul 2012 07:34 AM PDT Researchers have identified a unique mechanism in bacteria that has the potential to serve as a target for developing new antibiotics for diseases such as AIDS and soft tissue infections including respiratory and urogenital tracts, which are currently difficult to treat.

Angry Birds meets bioinformatics Posted: 20 Jul 2012 07:33 AM PDT Informatics researchers create an experimental framework for online, clinic-ready apps and ask others to embrace and expand it.

Stem cell research aids understanding of cancer Posted: 20 Jul 2012 06:22 AM PDT Scientists have discovered a novel marker that plays an important role in our understanding of how cancer develops in the liver, pancreas and esophagus.

3-D tumor models improve drug discovery success rate Posted: 20 Jul 2012 06:22 AM PDT Imagine millions of cancer cells organized in thousands of small divots. Hit these cells with drugs and when some cells die, you have a candidate for a cancer drug. But a new review argues that these 2-D models in fact offer very little information about a potential drug's effects in the body and may often give researchers misleading results.

Beneficial bacteria may help ward off infection Posted: 20 Jul 2012 06:22 AM PDT Scientists have explored the role of Lactobaccilus reuteri -- a natural resident of the human gut -- to protect against food-borne infection.

Cell research opens new avenues in combating neurodegenerative diseases Posted: 20 Jul 2012 06:22 AM PDT Scientists have uncovered how the internal mechanisms in nerve cells wire the brain. The findings open up new avenues in the investigation of neurodegenerative diseases by analyzing the cellular processes underlying these conditions.

Modifying surfaces by means of nanostructured reliefs to prevent the spread of bacteria Posted: 20 Jul 2012 06:21 AM PDT Researchers are designing, by means of laser application, nanostructured reliefs on surfaces so that they acquire antibacterial properties and are more resistant to the formation of bacterial biofilms. Researchers say that in the preliminary tests carried out so far with the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus there has been a 65-70% reduction in bacteria adhesion.

DNDi and Cipla to develop four-in-one pediatric antiretroviral drug combination Posted: 20 Jul 2012 05:33 AM PDT Researchers are working to develop and produce an improved first-line antiretroviral combination therapy specifically adapted to meet the treatment needs of the youngest children living with HIV/AIDS.

Anxiety disorders in poor moms likely to result from poverty, not mental illness, study suggests Posted: 20 Jul 2012 05:33 AM PDT Poor mothers are more likely to be classified as having the mental illness known as generalized anxiety disorder because they live in poverty -- not because they are suffering from a psychiatric disorder, according to researchers.

Parkinson's: Newly discovered antibody could facilitate early diagnosis Posted: 20 Jul 2012 05:30 AM PDT Conditions such as Parkinson's disease are a result of pathogenic changes to proteins. In the neurodegenerative condition of Parkinson's disease, which is currently incurable, the alpha-synuclein protein changes and becomes pathological. Until now, there have not been any antibodies that could help to demonstrate the change in alpha-synuclein associated with the disease. Medical researchers have now discovered a new antibody that actually possesses this ability.

Go-fast 'dimples' may be the secret to running success Posted: 20 Jul 2012 05:30 AM PDT In the run-up to London's 2012 Olympic Games, research revealed by a sports science expert has highlighted how the design of running shoes could boost an athlete's performance.

How hosts recognize bacteria Posted: 20 Jul 2012 05:30 AM PDT We are surrounded by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. The fact that we nevertheless do not fall prey to infections is thanks to certain cellular sensor molecules such as toll-like receptors (TLR), which recognize the molecular structure of pathogens and intercede by ensuring an often completely unnoticeable elimination of the invaders. Their immune-activating abilities were only detected in 1998, a discovery which was awarded with the Nobel Prize. Now scientists are examining the complex recognition of bacteria.

Vitamin D may protect lung function in smokers Posted: 20 Jul 2012 05:18 AM PDT Vitamin D deficiency is associated with worse lung function and more rapid decline in lung function over time in smokers, suggesting that vitamin D may have a protective effect against the effects of smoking on lung function, according to a new study.

NIH to test maraviroc-based drug regimens for HIV prevention Posted: 18 Jul 2012 04:20 PM PDT Scientists are launching the first clinical trial to test whether drug regimens containing maraviroc, a medication currently approved to treat HIV infection, are also safe and tolerable when taken once daily by HIV-uninfected individuals at increased risk for acquiring HIV infection. The eventual goal is to see if the drug regimens can reduce the risk of infection.

HIV injection could someday replace daily pill regimen Posted: 18 Jul 2012 02:28 PM PDT It's been a good week forHIV/AIDS breakthroughs. Tuesday, the FDA approved Truvada. Now, a research team has developed a long-lasting injection that could someday replace the daily regimen of pills faced by patients.

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