ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Broader background checks and denial criteria could help prevent mass shooting catastrophes, experts say
• New class of malaria drugs using essential calcium enzyme developed
• Cellular fuel gauge may hold the key to restricting cancer growth
• Genetic sequencing breakthrough to aid treatment for congenital hyperinsulinism
• New insight into cell development and cancer
• Mimicking a natural defense against malaria to develop new treatments
• The mirror, not the scale, is the enemy of many this New Year's resolution time
• Affordable Care Act's impact on uncompensated care
• Study hints that stem cells prepare for maturity much earlier than anticipated
• Benefits of higher oxygen, breathing device persist after infancy
• Development of new corneal cell line provides powerful tool
• New method for collagen scaffolds: Slice, stack, roll
• US cancer screening rates decline over the last 10 years, finds new study
• Novel role of BRCA1 in regulating the survival of skin stem cells identified
• People with mental disorders more likely to have experienced domestic violence
• Doctors call for evidence-based appropriateness criteria for elective procedures

Broader background checks and denial criteria could help prevent mass shooting catastrophes, experts say Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:47 PM PST A gun violence prevention expert and emergency medicine physician, believes broader criteria for background checks and denials on gun purchases can help prevent future firearm violence, including mass shooting catastrophes such as those that occurred at Sandy Hook, Aurora, Virginia Tech and Columbine.

New class of malaria drugs using essential calcium enzyme developed Posted: 27 Dec 2012 11:29 AM PST Calpain, a calcium-regulated enzyme, is essential to a host of cellular processes, but can cause severe problems in its overactivated state, and has been implicated in several diseases. Researchers have developed a unique approach to calpain inhibition by mimicking a natural reaction with a synthesized molecule.

Cellular fuel gauge may hold the key to restricting cancer growth Posted: 27 Dec 2012 10:03 AM PST Researchers have discovered that a key regulator of energy metabolism in cancer cells known as the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) may play a crucial role in restricting cancer cell growth. AMPK acts as a "fuel gauge" in cells.

Genetic sequencing breakthrough to aid treatment for congenital hyperinsulinism Posted: 27 Dec 2012 10:03 AM PST Congenital hyperinsulinism is a genetic condition where a baby's pancreas secretes too much insulin. It affects approximately one in 50,000 live births and in severe cases requires the surgical removal of all or part of the pancreas. Researchers are now utilizing new genetic sequencing technology to sequence the entirety of a gene in order to identify mutations that cause hyperinsulinism.

New insight into cell development and cancer Posted: 27 Dec 2012 10:03 AM PST New research has shed new light on how epigenetic signals may function together to determine the ultimate fate of a stem cell. The study implicates a unique class of proteins called polycomb-like proteins as bridging molecules between the "on" and "off" state of a gene.

Mimicking a natural defense against malaria to develop new treatments Posted: 27 Dec 2012 10:02 AM PST One of the world's most devastating diseases is malaria, responsible for at least a million deaths annually, despite global efforts to combat it. Researchers have identified a protein in human blood platelets that points to a powerful new weapon against the disease.

The mirror, not the scale, is the enemy of many this New Year's resolution time Posted: 27 Dec 2012 10:02 AM PST More than 66 million Americans are obese, says a December study, and top New Year's Resolutions include losing weight.

Affordable Care Act's impact on uncompensated care Posted: 27 Dec 2012 10:02 AM PST The decision by several states not to expand Medicaid health insurance for the poor may create unintended cuts for hospitals that provide uncompensated care, according to a new study.

Study hints that stem cells prepare for maturity much earlier than anticipated Posted: 27 Dec 2012 10:02 AM PST Unlike less versatile muscle or nerve cells, embryonic stem cells are by definition equipped to assume any cellular role. Scientists call this flexibility "pluripotency," meaning that as an organism develops, stem cells must be ready at a moment's notice to activate highly diverse gene expression programs used to turn them into blood, brain, or kidney cells.

Benefits of higher oxygen, breathing device persist after infancy Posted: 27 Dec 2012 08:07 AM PST By the time they reached toddlerhood, very preterm infants originally treated with higher oxygen levels continued to show benefits when compared to a group treated with lower oxygen levels, according to a follow-up study.

Development of new corneal cell line provides powerful tool Posted: 27 Dec 2012 08:07 AM PST Scientists have developed of HCENC-21 and HCEnC-21T, two novel model systems for human corneal endothelium.

New method for collagen scaffolds: Slice, stack, roll Posted: 27 Dec 2012 08:07 AM PST Engineers have developed a new technique, called bioskiving. The fabrication process creates collagen structures from thin sheets of decellularized tendon stacked with alternating fiber directions that maintain much of collagen's natural strength.

US cancer screening rates decline over the last 10 years, finds new study Posted: 27 Dec 2012 05:01 AM PST The rate of people who seek preventive cancer screenings has fallen over the last 10 years in the United States with wide variations between white-collar and blue-collar workers, according to a new study.

Novel role of BRCA1 in regulating the survival of skin stem cells identified Posted: 27 Dec 2012 05:00 AM PST Researchers have uncovered a novel role of BRCA1 in regulating the survival of skin stem cells. Our DNA, which stores our genetic information, is constantly submitted to damage. If not properly repaired, DNA damage can lead to cell death, which may in turn lead to tissue exhaustion and aging, or induce mutations resulting in uncontrolled cell proliferation and cancer. In this study scientists showed the critical role of Brca1 for the maintenance of hair follicle stem cells.

People with mental disorders more likely to have experienced domestic violence Posted: 26 Dec 2012 07:30 PM PST Men and women with mental health disorders, across all diagnoses, are more likely to have experienced domestic violence than the general population, according to new research.

Doctors call for evidence-based appropriateness criteria for elective procedures Posted: 26 Dec 2012 07:28 PM PST Many of the most common inpatient surgeries in the United States are performed electively. These surgeries are expected to significantly increase with the enactment of the Affordable Care Act. Medical researchers are now recommending the nation's health care leaders and medical community join forces to establish evidence-based appropriateness criteria to determine which patients are most in need of elective procedures, such as joint replacement surgery, to slow the projected surge in demand and rising costs. Currently, there are no appropriateness criteria for most of the common elective procedures.

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