ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Screening guidelines may miss ten percent of colon cancers
• Researchers propose social network modeling to fight hospital infections
• Gene-silencing strategy opens new path to understanding Down Syndrome
• New artificial protein mimics part of HIV outer coat
• Intranasal application of oxytocin appears to enhance placebo response
• Brief risk-reduction counseling at HIV testing does not result in reduction of STIs
• Flu vaccine associated with lower risk of cardiovascular events
• Heavy air pollution in Canadian area with cancer spikes
• Study points to possible treatment for brain disorders
• Internet users more likely to engage in cancer-preventive behaviors
• Effects of liver regenerating protein discovered
• Review of most successful outside interventions in reducing emergency department use
• Hydrogel implant enables light-based communication with cells inside body
• Opioids for chronic pain: How patients and their doctors talk about risks
• Climate change increased the number of deaths
• Developmental approach to obesity in children, adolescents
• Study of decline of malaria in the US could affect approach to malaria epidemic abroad
• Light as medicine? Researchers explain how
• Coffee consumption reduces risk of liver cancer, analysis suggests
• Sequential GO, chemotherapy no benefit for older AML patients according trial
• Investigational PARP inhibitor promising in BRCA-related cancers
• Rapid method to detect BRAF mutations in cancer tissue samples
• New program makes prostate cancer treatment decisions easier
• Foot and mouth disease in sub-Saharan Africa moves over short distances; wild buffalo a problem
• No evidence to support stem cell therapy for pediatric optic nerve hypoplasia
• New evidence for role of specific virus causing type 1 diabetes
• New take on efficient delivery in regenerative medicine
• Genome of aggressive lymphoma sequenced
• Small changes can help health service staff avoid burnout
• Adalimumab reduces inflammation in refractory pediatric uveitis
• Expanding access to clinical trial data responsibly
• Use of booze and drugs common among truck drivers on the road
• Moderate to vigorous exercise boosts teens' academic performance
• Screening for chronic kidney disease in adults without symptoms not recommended
• Long-term obesity associated with poorer pancreatic cancer survival
• Lifestyle factors could put college-age women at higher risk of breast cancer
• Growing up poor, stressed impacts brain function as adult
• Single mutation gives virus new target
• Shorter sleep duration, poorer sleep quality linked to Alzheimer’s disease
• Patients report not being told of risk of overdiagnosis in cancer screenings
• Bottle feeding associated with increased risk of infant stomach obstruction

Screening guidelines may miss ten percent of colon cancers Posted: 22 Oct 2013 03:31 PM PDT For people with a family history of adenomas (colon polyps that lead to colon cancer), up to 10 percent of colorectal cancers could be missed when current national screening guidelines are followed.

Researchers propose social network modeling to fight hospital infections Posted: 22 Oct 2013 02:08 PM PDT Researchers are helping to prevent costly and deadly infections acquired by hospitalized patients by using computer models that simulate interactions between patients and health care workers to determine if these interactions are a source for spreading multi-drug resistant organisms.

Gene-silencing strategy opens new path to understanding Down Syndrome Posted: 22 Oct 2013 02:07 PM PDT Inspired by natural process that silences one copy of female mammals' two sex-determining X chromosomes during embryonic development, researchers develop way to silence extra chromosome of trisomy 21, or Down syndrome.

New artificial protein mimics part of HIV outer coat Posted: 22 Oct 2013 02:06 PM PDT A team of scientists has created an artificial protein coupled with a sugar molecule that mimics a key site on the outer coat of HIV where antibodies can bind to neutralize a wide variety of HIV strains.

Intranasal application of oxytocin appears to enhance placebo response Posted: 22 Oct 2013 02:06 PM PDT A study has been conducted to test whether oxytocin enhances the placebo response in an experimental placebo analgesia model.

Brief risk-reduction counseling at HIV testing does not result in reduction of STIs Posted: 22 Oct 2013 02:06 PM PDT Brief risk-reduction counseling at the time of a rapid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test was not effective for reducing new sexually transmitted infections (STIs) during the subsequent 6 months among persons at risk for HIV, according to a study.

Flu vaccine associated with lower risk of cardiovascular events Posted: 22 Oct 2013 02:06 PM PDT Receiving an influenza vaccination was associated with a lower risk of major adverse cardiovascular events such as heart failure or hospitalization for heart attack, with the greatest treatment effect seen among patients with recent acute coronary syndrome.

Heavy air pollution in Canadian area with cancer spikes Posted: 22 Oct 2013 10:21 AM PDT Levels of contaminants higher than in some of the world's most polluted cities have been found downwind of Canada's largest oil, gas and tar sands processing zone, in a rural area where men suffer elevated rates of cancers linked to such chemicals.

Study points to possible treatment for brain disorders Posted: 22 Oct 2013 10:20 AM PDT Scientists are working to determine how neurons are generated, which is vital to providing treatment for neurological disorders like Tuberous Sclerosis Complex.

Internet users more likely to engage in cancer-preventive behaviors Posted: 22 Oct 2013 10:20 AM PDT Older men and women who used the internet were more likely to participate in screening for colorectal cancer, participate in physical activities, eat healthily, and smoke less, compared with those who did not use the internet, according to a study.

Effects of liver regenerating protein discovered Posted: 22 Oct 2013 10:17 AM PDT The aging process in the human body is greatly influenced by the action of free radicals (byproducts of our own metabolism), but can be slowed down without the need to consume special dietary supplements if the HGF protein production, naturally found in the liver, is increased.

Review of most successful outside interventions in reducing emergency department use Posted: 22 Oct 2013 10:16 AM PDT Five types of interventions to reduce emergency department (ED) use have been identified and published in a new study that aims to reduce ED usage.

Hydrogel implant enables light-based communication with cells inside body Posted: 22 Oct 2013 08:36 AM PDT As researchers develop novel therapies based on inducing specific cells to do specific things, getting the right message to the right group of cells at the right time remains a major challenge. Now researchers have developed a way to deliver a light signal to specific cells deep within the body.

Opioids for chronic pain: How patients and their doctors talk about risks Posted: 22 Oct 2013 08:35 AM PDT A pilot study is believed to be the first to analyze how patients and doctors discuss potentially addictive pain medications in primary care appointments. This knowledge may ultimately lead to more effective strategies for communicating about chronic pain treatment.

Climate change increased the number of deaths Posted: 22 Oct 2013 08:34 AM PDT The increased temperatures caused by ongoing climate change in Stockholm, Sweden between 1980 and 2009 caused 300 more premature deaths than if the temperature increase did not take place. In Sweden as a whole, it would mean about 1,500 more premature deaths.

Developmental approach to obesity in children, adolescents Posted: 22 Oct 2013 08:34 AM PDT New studies of factors affecting the risk of obesity in children and adolescents — as well as promising approaches to prevention and treatment - are summarized in new literature published.

Study of decline of malaria in the US could affect approach to malaria epidemic abroad Posted: 22 Oct 2013 07:22 AM PDT A study of the eradication of the mosquito-borne disease in the US has implications for the approach to malaria abroad, according to scientists.

Light as medicine? Researchers explain how Posted: 22 Oct 2013 07:22 AM PDT Scientists have known for years that certain wavelengths of light in certain doses can heal, but they are only now uncovering exactly how it works.

Coffee consumption reduces risk of liver cancer, analysis suggests Posted: 22 Oct 2013 07:22 AM PDT Coffee consumption reduces risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common type of liver cancer, by about 40 percent, according to an up-to-date meta-analysis. Further, some data indicate that three cups of coffee per day reduce liver cancer risk by more than 50 percent.

Sequential GO, chemotherapy no benefit for older AML patients according trial Posted: 22 Oct 2013 07:22 AM PDT Results of a randomized, phase III, trial show that sequential combination of gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) and standard chemotherapy provides no benefit for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia and is too toxic for patients 70 years of age or more. GO is an antibody-drug conjugate comprised of an anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody linked to a cytotoxic agent.

Investigational PARP inhibitor promising in BRCA-related cancers Posted: 22 Oct 2013 07:22 AM PDT An investigational new PARP inhibitor, BMN 673, is showing early responses in patients with heavily pretreated, advanced, BRCA-related cancers of the breast and ovary, according to phase I clinical trial results.

Rapid method to detect BRAF mutations in cancer tissue samples Posted: 22 Oct 2013 07:22 AM PDT A new diagnostic platform to detect BRAF mutations in melanoma and other cancer types is faster and more accurate compared with the standard method currently used in clinics, and this could help accelerate diagnosis and treatment, according to results of a new study.

New program makes prostate cancer treatment decisions easier Posted: 22 Oct 2013 07:19 AM PDT When the pros and cons of prostate cancer treatment are spelled out using an online interactive program, more patients choose active surveillance over therapy.

Foot and mouth disease in sub-Saharan Africa moves over short distances; wild buffalo a problem Posted: 22 Oct 2013 06:18 AM PDT New research shows that in sub-Saharan Africa the virus responsible for foot and mouth disease moves over relatively short distances and the African buffalo are important natural reservoirs for the infection. The study sheds light on how the type of virus called SAT 2 emerged in sub-Saharan Africa and identifies patterns of spread in countries where SAT 2 is endemic.

No evidence to support stem cell therapy for pediatric optic nerve hypoplasia Posted: 22 Oct 2013 06:18 AM PDT A study has found no evidence that stem cell therapy improves vision for children with optic nerve hypoplasia.

New evidence for role of specific virus causing type 1 diabetes Posted: 22 Oct 2013 06:17 AM PDT Type 1 diabetes is a disease caused by the destruction of the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. It is often diagnosed in childhood and requires life-long treatment with daily insulin injections. It is associated with an increased risk for long-term complications which decrease the quality of life and average life-expectancy.

New take on efficient delivery in regenerative medicine Posted: 22 Oct 2013 06:16 AM PDT An international research group has successfully tested the use of a new type of porous material for the efficient delivery of key molecules to transplanted cells derived from stem cells. These results can lead to improvements in the way stem cell-based neurodegenerative diseases are treated.

Genome of aggressive lymphoma sequenced Posted: 22 Oct 2013 06:16 AM PDT Mantle cell lymphoma is a very aggressive and difficult-to-treat cancer originated in blood cells and lymph nodes. To identify the molecular alterations responsible for this tumor, and facilitate the development of new treatments, a team of scientists has sequenced the genomes of over 30 of lymphomas. The result of this work presents the first comprehensive genomic analysis of this disease.

Small changes can help health service staff avoid burnout Posted: 22 Oct 2013 06:16 AM PDT A survey of nurses working with older adults across three National Health Service trusts in England explored how perceptions of the workplace affect nurse wellbeing. Standardised validated measures were used to assess burnout, perceived organisational support and organisational culture. Significant associations were found between innovative organisational culture and nurses' sense of personal accomplishment, which reduce the likelihood of burnout.

Adalimumab reduces inflammation in refractory pediatric uveitis Posted: 22 Oct 2013 06:15 AM PDT A biologic agent offers new option for steroid-resistant patients, according to study published.

Expanding access to clinical trial data responsibly Posted: 21 Oct 2013 06:17 PM PDT A new report proposes recommendations for how to expand public access to data from clinical trials while protecting patients' privacy and weighing pharmaceutical companies' business interests. Recently, the European Medicines Agency announced it will provide public access to participant-level data submitted in applications for marketing approval in Europe, prompting questions about whether the US FDA should follow suit.

Use of booze and drugs common among truck drivers on the road Posted: 21 Oct 2013 06:17 PM PDT The use of booze and drugs among truck drivers on the road is common, but seems to be mainly linked to poor working conditions, finds a systematic analysis of the available evidence.

Moderate to vigorous exercise boosts teens' academic performance Posted: 21 Oct 2013 06:17 PM PDT Regular moderate to vigorous exercise improves teens' academic performance, and particularly seems to help girls do better in science, indicates research.

Screening for chronic kidney disease in adults without symptoms not recommended Posted: 21 Oct 2013 06:17 PM PDT New guideline presents evidence-based recommendations for screening, monitoring, and treatment of adults with stage 1-3 chronic kidney disease, and advise against screening for adults without symptoms or risk factors.

Long-term obesity associated with poorer pancreatic cancer survival Posted: 21 Oct 2013 06:14 PM PDT New results from a study show that patients with a body mass index (BMI) in the obese range live on average two to three months less after a pancreatic cancer diagnosis, compared with healthy weight patients, even after adjusting for factors that are known to predict survival for patients with this disease, such as age and disease stage.

Lifestyle factors could put college-age women at higher risk of breast cancer Posted: 21 Oct 2013 06:14 PM PDT With hopes to spark a shared conversation regarding breast cancer prevention in young adults, a researcher compiled some key prevention awareness tips for young women.

Growing up poor, stressed impacts brain function as adult Posted: 21 Oct 2013 06:14 PM PDT Poverty, coupled with stress, has long-lasting effects on brain function, according to a new study. Researchers found that test subjects who had lower family incomes at age 9 exhibited, as adults, greater activity in the amygdala, an area in the brain known for its role in fear and other negative emotions. These individuals showed less activity in areas of the prefrontal cortex, an area in the brain thought to regulate negative emotion.

Single mutation gives virus new target Posted: 21 Oct 2013 01:26 PM PDT A mutation as minute as swapping just one amino acid can completely change the target that a virus will bind to on a victim cell -- potentially shifting what kind of cell and eventually what kind of organism a virus could infect.

Shorter sleep duration, poorer sleep quality linked to Alzheimer’s disease Posted: 21 Oct 2013 01:25 PM PDT New study finds that shorter sleep duration and poorer sleep quality are associated with a greater ²-Amyloid burden, a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease

Patients report not being told of risk of overdiagnosis in cancer screenings Posted: 21 Oct 2013 01:25 PM PDT A survey finds that most patients are not being told about the possibility of overdiagnosis and overtreatment as a result of cancer screenings.

Bottle feeding associated with increased risk of infant stomach obstruction Posted: 21 Oct 2013 01:25 PM PDT Bottle feeding appears to increase the risk infants will develop hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS), a form of stomach obstruction, and that risk seems to be magnified when mothers are older and have had more than one child.

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