ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Gut microbes in healthy kids carry antibiotic resistance genes
• Deletion of any single gene provokes mutations elsewhere in the genome
• Impulsivity, rewards and ritalin: Monkey study shows tighter link
• New treatment discovered to cure MRSA infection
• Study shows decrease in sepsis mortality rates
• Novel gene therapy works to reverse heart failure
• Hot lithium vapors shield fusion facility walls
• Finding antitumor T cells in a patient's own cancer
• Fatty acid produced by gut bacteria boosts the immune system
• Schools help kids choose carrots over candy bars
• Menstrual cycle influences concussion outcomes
• Healing powers of cells
• Experimental regimen tested for small cell lung cancer
• New heart valve repair option provides hope for high-risk patients
• Human stem cells used to reveal mechanisms of beta-cell failure in diabetes
• Carbon dioxide’s new-found signalling role could be applied to blood flow, birth and deafness
• HOPE Act passes: May help reduce U. S. organ shortage
• Nanotechnology researchers prove two-step method for potential pancreatic cancer treatment
• Actionable analytics demonstrated at conference
• Researchers predict risk of valvular heart disease
• Development and clinical approval of biodegradeble magnesium alloy for medical devices
• No hot flashes? Then don't count on hormones to improve quality of life
• Redesigned protein opens door for safer gene therapy‬
• Significantly higher risk of mortality at non-accredited bariatric surgery centers
• Risk of heart attack, stroke among diabetes patients significantly lower after gastric bypass
• Researcher finds potential new use for old drugs
• Our relationship with food: What drives us to eat, suffer eating disorders?
• Bariatric surgery can lead to premature birth
• How sequestration threatens social, behavioral sciences
• Concurrent therapy not necessary for breast cancer patients with HER-2, study says
• New guideline for management of blood cholesterol: Focuses on lifestyle, statin therapy for patients who most benefit
• New guideline for assessing cardiovascular risk in adults
• New solution in detecting breast-cancer related lymphedema
• Studies explore origins of addiction, treaments
• Pioneers in the fight against 'The Big One': Proton therapy for lung cancer
• Clinical trial looks at impact of platelet-rich plasma therapy on tennis elbow
• Add bone deterioration to diabetes complications
• Stem-cell therapy to improve blood flow in angina patients
• UTHealth study aims to change traditional approach to preventing pressure ulcers
• Deaths from pancreatic cancer rise, fall among racial lines
• Using morphine after abdominal surgery may prolong pain
• Putting the brakes on immunity
• Medicine: The heart's metronome
• Animal, human health benefits anticipated from new biomedical instrument
• Balloon mis-positioning during prostate cancer treatment could affect success of radiation delivery
• Canadian researchers call for changes to help adults with developmental disabilities
• Building block for exoskeleton could lead to more independence among elderly
• Aerobic exercise improves memory, brain function, physical fitness
• First dual-protection intravaginal ring design shows promise in long-term HIV, pregnancy prevention
• More research needed into substitution principle and regulation of potentially hazardous chemical materials, experts urge
• Researchers discover specific inhibitor for rheumatoid arthritis treatment
• Biomaterial-delivered chemotherapy could provide final blow to brain tumors
• New discovery on early immune system development
• Tailored pre-transplant therapy boosts survival rate in rare immune deficiency
• Researcher calls for halt of U.S. health care spending spiral
• Politicization of US health care preventing real changes to out-of-control system, researchers suggest
• Tackling large challenge for new modes of drug delivery
• Working towards personalized cancer treatment
• Scientists find 'missing link' in important tumor suppression mechanism
• Study analyzes sharp rise in U.S. drug poisoning deaths by county

Gut microbes in healthy kids carry antibiotic resistance genes Posted: 13 Nov 2013 03:24 PM PST Friendly microbes in the intestinal tracts of healthy American children have numerous antibiotic resistance genes that could be passed to harmful microbes, according to a pilot study.

Deletion of any single gene provokes mutations elsewhere in the genome Posted: 13 Nov 2013 01:25 PM PST Researchers report that the deletion of any single gene in yeast cells puts pressure on the organism's genome to compensate, leading to a mutation in another gene. Their discovery, which is likely applicable to human genetics because of the way DNA is conserved across species, could have significant consequences for the way genetic analysis is done in cancer and other areas of research.

Impulsivity, rewards and ritalin: Monkey study shows tighter link Posted: 13 Nov 2013 01:23 PM PST Even as the rate of diagnosis has reached 11 percent among American children aged 4 to 17, neuroscientists are still trying to understand attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). One classic symptom is impulsivity — the tendency to act before thinking.

New treatment discovered to cure MRSA infection Posted: 13 Nov 2013 11:41 AM PST Recent work promises to overcome one of the leading public health threats of our time. In a groundbreaking study, the team presents a novel approach to treat and eliminate methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA, a potent bacterium whose resistance to antibiotics has kept it one step ahead of researchers. That is, until now.

Study shows decrease in sepsis mortality rates Posted: 13 Nov 2013 11:35 AM PST A recent study shows a significant decrease in severe sepsis mortality rates over the past 20 years. Looking at data from patients with severe sepsis enrolled in clinical trials, researchers found that in-hospital mortality rates decreased from 47 percent between 1991 and 1995 to 29 percent between 2006 and 2009, a time period when no new pharmacological treatments were developed for severe sepsis.

Novel gene therapy works to reverse heart failure Posted: 13 Nov 2013 11:31 AM PST Researchers have successfully tested a powerful gene therapy, delivered directly into the heart, to reverse heart failure in large animal models.

Hot lithium vapors shield fusion facility walls Posted: 13 Nov 2013 10:23 AM PST Lithium treatment could alleviate widespread concerns that liquid-lithium plasma-facing components will rapidly overwhelm the core of the plasma with impurities and abort fusion reactions.

Finding antitumor T cells in a patient's own cancer Posted: 13 Nov 2013 10:23 AM PST In a paper recently published, investigators demonstrated for the first time that a T cell activation molecule can be used as a biomarker to identify rare antitumor T cells in human cancers. The molecule, CD137, is a protein that is not normally found on the surface of resting T cells but its expression is induced when the T cell is activated.

Fatty acid produced by gut bacteria boosts the immune system Posted: 13 Nov 2013 10:22 AM PST New research sheds light on the role of gut bacteria on the maturation of the immune system and provides evidence supporting the use of butyrate as therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn's disease.

Schools help kids choose carrots over candy bars Posted: 13 Nov 2013 10:01 AM PST When schools adopt healthful nutrition policies and practices, kids' diets improve. According to new research, when schools offered snacks in lunchtime a la carte or vending that were mostly or entirely healthful, students responded with improvements in their diets.

Menstrual cycle influences concussion outcomes Posted: 13 Nov 2013 10:00 AM PST Researchers found that women injured during the two weeks leading up to their period (the premenstrual phase) had a slower recovery and poorer health one month after injury compared to women injured during the two weeks directly after their period or women taking birth control pills. If confirmed in subsequent research, the findings could alter the treatment and prognosis of women who suffer head injuries from sports, falls, car accidents or combat.

Healing powers of cells Posted: 13 Nov 2013 07:57 AM PST How do cells spread to cover and close a wound? A team of researchers publishes new insights into epithelial cell spreading.

Experimental regimen tested for small cell lung cancer Posted: 13 Nov 2013 07:20 AM PST Small cell lung cancer, which includes oat cell carcinoma, is a more aggressive disease than other types of lung cancer and often is more advanced at the time of diagnosis. Despite the severity of the disease, the standard-of-care treatment remains the same today as it was nearly 30 years ago. A new clinical trial may improve treatment approaches and combat disease recurrence.

New heart valve repair option provides hope for high-risk patients Posted: 13 Nov 2013 07:20 AM PST A minimally invasive procedure is the first effective treatment for patients who are high risk for standard open heart surgery for a leaking heart valve, a study has found.

Human stem cells used to reveal mechanisms of beta-cell failure in diabetes Posted: 13 Nov 2013 07:20 AM PST Scientists have used stem cells created from the skin of patients with a rare form of diabetes — Wolfram syndrome — to elucidate an important biochemical pathway for beta-cell failure in diabetes.

Carbon dioxide’s new-found signalling role could be applied to blood flow, birth and deafness Posted: 13 Nov 2013 06:22 AM PST New research reveals exactly how the body measures carbon dioxide and suggests that far from being a metabolic waste product, it could play a key role as a biological signalling molecule.

HOPE Act passes: May help reduce U. S. organ shortage Posted: 13 Nov 2013 06:21 AM PST The HOPE Act could allow individuals with HIV to receive organ transplants from donors with HIV, and may help reduce the country's current organ shortage.

Nanotechnology researchers prove two-step method for potential pancreatic cancer treatment Posted: 13 Nov 2013 06:21 AM PST A new nanotechnology for drug delivery that could greatly improve the treatment of deadly pancreatic cancer has been proven to work in mice.

Actionable analytics demonstrated at conference Posted: 13 Nov 2013 06:21 AM PST Four principles for putting analytics into action were presented at the American Medical Group Association's Institute of Quality Leadership Conference..

Researchers predict risk of valvular heart disease Posted: 13 Nov 2013 05:03 AM PST Researchers have identified a clear link between narrowed heart valves and a special lipoprotein in the blood. In the long term, the research may well help to prevent valvular heart disease.

Development and clinical approval of biodegradeble magnesium alloy for medical devices Posted: 13 Nov 2013 05:03 AM PST This biodegradable and bioabsorbable metal decomposes from 6 months to 2 years after being transplanted into human body and hence, medical devices made with these materials are expected to reshape the landscape in the field of fracture treatment, as it reminders second operation to take out the device after patient recovery obsolete.

No hot flashes? Then don't count on hormones to improve quality of life Posted: 13 Nov 2013 05:03 AM PST Hormones at menopause can help with sleep, memory, and more, but only when a woman also has hot flashes, find researchers.

Redesigned protein opens door for safer gene therapy‬ Posted: 13 Nov 2013 05:02 AM PST A fusion protein combining proteins active in HIV and Moloney murine leukaemia virus (MLV) replication may lead to safer, more effective retroviral gene therapy.

Significantly higher risk of mortality at non-accredited bariatric surgery centers Posted: 13 Nov 2013 05:00 AM PST Bariatric surgery is significantly safer when performed at an accredited center, according to new research.

Risk of heart attack, stroke among diabetes patients significantly lower after gastric bypass Posted: 13 Nov 2013 05:00 AM PST New research shows most patients with diabetes and obesity who undergo gastric bypass not only experience remission of their diabetes and lose significant weight, but they also reduce their risk of having a heart attack by 40 percent and their risk for suffering a stroke by 42 percent, over a 10-year time horizon.

Researcher finds potential new use for old drugs Posted: 12 Nov 2013 05:08 PM PST A class of drugs used to treat parasitic infections such as malaria may also be useful in treating cancers and immune-related diseases, a new study has found. Researchers discovered that simple modifications to the drug furamidine have a major impact on its ability to affect specific human proteins involved in the on-off switches of certain genes.

Our relationship with food: What drives us to eat, suffer eating disorders? Posted: 12 Nov 2013 05:06 PM PST A growing body of evidence shows the impact of diet on brain function, and identifies patterns of brain activity associated with eating disorders such as binge eating and purging.

Bariatric surgery can lead to premature birth Posted: 12 Nov 2013 05:04 PM PST Babies born of women who have undergone bariatric (weight-loss) surgery are more likely to be premature and to be small for gestational age, according to a large registry study carried out in Sweden. The researchers believe that these pregnancies should be considered risk pregnancies and that prenatal care should monitor them extra carefully.

How sequestration threatens social, behavioral sciences Posted: 12 Nov 2013 05:04 PM PST Federal investment in social and behavioral science research has improved the health and well-being of Americans for years, but a new report published today shows how reckless discretionary federal funding cuts now threaten important work like this.

Concurrent therapy not necessary for breast cancer patients with HER-2, study says Posted: 12 Nov 2013 05:04 PM PST Giving trastuzumab and anthracyclines at the same time is effective at treating HER-2-positive breast cancer, but there is concern that this combination can be associated with an increased risk of cardiac toxicity.

New guideline for management of blood cholesterol: Focuses on lifestyle, statin therapy for patients who most benefit Posted: 12 Nov 2013 01:32 PM PST The American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association have released a new clinical practice guideline for the treatment of blood cholesterol in people at high risk for cardiovascular diseases caused by atherosclerosis, or hardening and narrowing of the arteries, that can lead to heart attack, stroke or death. The guideline identifies four major groups of patients for whom cholesterol-lowering HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, or statins, have the greatest chance of preventing stroke and heart attacks. The guideline also emphasizes the importance of adopting a heart-healthy lifestyle to prevent and control high blood cholesterol.

New guideline for assessing cardiovascular risk in adults Posted: 12 Nov 2013 01:32 PM PST A newly released clinical practice guideline can help primary care clinicians better identify adults who may be at high risk for developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, potentially serious cardiovascular conditions caused by atherosclerosis, and who thus may benefit from lifestyle changes or drug therapy to help prevent it.

New solution in detecting breast-cancer related lymphedema Posted: 12 Nov 2013 01:28 PM PST Now, a team of researchers offers supporting evidence for using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) ratios to assess Lymphedema. The study argues because the low frequency electronic current cannot travel through cell membranes, it provides a direct measure of lymph fluid outside the cells. This allows for a more accurate assessment of lymphedema using a Lymphedema Index named L-Dex ratio.

Studies explore origins of addiction, treaments Posted: 12 Nov 2013 11:18 AM PST Studies suggest promising new treatments for nicotine and heroin addiction, and further our understanding of pathological gambling and heroin abuse in those suffering chronic pain. This new knowledge may one day lead to non-pharmaceutical interventions and therapies to treat addiction.

Pioneers in the fight against 'The Big One': Proton therapy for lung cancer Posted: 12 Nov 2013 11:12 AM PST Lung cancer is the number one cancer killer in the U.S., causing more deaths than the next three most common cancers – colon, breast and prostate – combined. Worldwide, lung cancer accounts for 1.3 million deaths annually. An estimated $10.3 billion per year is spent in the U.S. on lung cancer treatment alone, yet those diagnosed with the disease have just a 15 percent survival rate.

Clinical trial looks at impact of platelet-rich plasma therapy on tennis elbow Posted: 12 Nov 2013 11:12 AM PST Big name athletes have reportedly used PRP therapy for sports injuries. Does it work?

Add bone deterioration to diabetes complications Posted: 12 Nov 2013 11:12 AM PST The list of complications from type 2 diabetes is long: vascular and heart disease, eye problems, nerve damage, kidney disease, hearing problems and Alzheimer's disease. Physicians have long thought of osteoporosis as another outcome. Based on a study that's confirmed: You can definitely add skeletal problems to that list.

Stem-cell therapy to improve blood flow in angina patients Posted: 12 Nov 2013 10:26 AM PST A clinical trial is underway testing stem-cell therapy to improve blood flow in angina patients. The trial evaluates treatment for patients who haven't responded to other FDA-approved procedures for angina. The procedure uses the latest technology to map the heart in 3-D and guides the doctor to deliver injections of a patient's own stem-cells or a placebo to targeted sites in the heart muscle.

UTHealth study aims to change traditional approach to preventing pressure ulcers Posted: 12 Nov 2013 09:39 AM PST A study has found that nursing homes that utilize high-density foam mattresses may not need to turn residents every two hours to prevent pressure ulcers, a practice that has been used for over 50 years.

Deaths from pancreatic cancer rise, fall among racial lines Posted: 12 Nov 2013 09:39 AM PST Pancreatic cancer death rates in whites and blacks have gone in opposite directions over the past several decades in the United States, with the direction reversing in each ethnicity during those years.

Using morphine after abdominal surgery may prolong pain Posted: 12 Nov 2013 09:38 AM PST Using morphine to fight the pain associated with abdominal surgery may paradoxically prolong a patient's suffering, doubling or even tripling the amount of time it takes to recover from the surgical pain, according to researchers.

Putting the brakes on immunity Posted: 12 Nov 2013 09:38 AM PST While the immune system's primary role is to fight infections, it can also become overactive, leading to problems like allergies and autoimmune diseases. Now researchers have discovered a powerful mechanism that keeps the system from "going rogue."

Medicine: The heart's metronome Posted: 12 Nov 2013 09:37 AM PST A specific cell population is responsible for ensuring that our heartbeat remains regular. Researchers have now elucidated the mode of action of one of the crucial components of the heart's intrinsic pacemaker.

Animal, human health benefits anticipated from new biomedical instrument Posted: 12 Nov 2013 09:36 AM PST A biomedical instrument that can heat specific cells in the body while simultaneously producing real-time, high-resolution images of the heat's effects on tumors and inflamed cells is anticipated to help with animal, human health.

Balloon mis-positioning during prostate cancer treatment could affect success of radiation delivery Posted: 12 Nov 2013 09:33 AM PST Researchers show that mis-positioning of endorectal balloon during prostate cancer radiation may affect treatment success.

Canadian researchers call for changes to help adults with developmental disabilities Posted: 12 Nov 2013 07:53 AM PST Adults with developmental disabilities such as autism and Down syndrome are having a harder time accessing health care in Ontario, even though they have more health issues than people without developmental disabilities..

Building block for exoskeleton could lead to more independence among elderly Posted: 12 Nov 2013 07:50 AM PST Researchers are studying human movement as they work on creating an exoskeleton to benefit elderly patients, stroke patients and paraplegics.

Aerobic exercise improves memory, brain function, physical fitness Posted: 12 Nov 2013 07:50 AM PST A new study found that engaging in a physical exercise regimen helps healthy aging adults improve their memory, brain health and physical fitness.

First dual-protection intravaginal ring design shows promise in long-term HIV, pregnancy prevention Posted: 12 Nov 2013 07:50 AM PST A new intravaginal ring has been developed for the sustained 90-day co-delivery of tenofovir and levonorgestrel, an anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug and a contraceptive. Tenofovir is the only topical prophylactic shown to be effective at reducing the sexual transmission of HIV when formulated in a gel.

More research needed into substitution principle and regulation of potentially hazardous chemical materials, experts urge Posted: 12 Nov 2013 07:49 AM PST Scientists say the substitution principle is not the "white knight" as described by a number of regulatory agencies and NGOs and proposes that chemical substitution can only work effectively on a case-by-case basis.

Researchers discover specific inhibitor for rheumatoid arthritis treatment Posted: 12 Nov 2013 07:48 AM PST A research team has contributed to an important discovery in the inflammatory stress mechanism and specific inhibitor for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Biomaterial-delivered chemotherapy could provide final blow to brain tumors Posted: 12 Nov 2013 06:58 AM PST A polymer originally designed to help mend broken bones could be successful in delivering chemotherapy drugs directly to the brains of patients suffering from brain tumors, researchers have discovered.

New discovery on early immune system development Posted: 12 Nov 2013 06:58 AM PST Researchers have shed light on how and when the immune system is formed, raising hope of better understanding various diseases in children, such as leukemia.

Tailored pre-transplant therapy boosts survival rate in rare immune deficiency Posted: 12 Nov 2013 06:53 AM PST Chronic Granulomatous Disease is a rare immune deficiency that is life-threatening. Tailored doses of the pre-transplant drug therapy boosts survival rates to over 90%.

Researcher calls for halt of U.S. health care spending spiral Posted: 12 Nov 2013 06:53 AM PST In order to evoke a true transformation, the U.S. health care system needs an audacious goal, one equivalent to President Kennedy's call for a man on the moon in 1962, says one researcher. He recommends limiting the rate of per capita health care cost increases to that of the U.S. economy as a whole as measured by the growth of the U.S. gross domestic product (GDP).

Politicization of US health care preventing real changes to out-of-control system, researchers suggest Posted: 12 Nov 2013 06:53 AM PST Over the last decade, the biggest driver of the high health care costs in the United States has been neither the aging of the population nor the large numbers of tests and treatments being prescribed. Rather, it is the politicization of health care, and the increasing prices of drugs, medical devices and hospital costs.

Tackling large challenge for new modes of drug delivery Posted: 12 Nov 2013 06:08 AM PST Research being carried out by academics could result in new more effective drug treatments for prostate cancer, Multiple Sclerosis and cystic fibrosis.

Working towards personalized cancer treatment Posted: 12 Nov 2013 06:08 AM PST Extensive statistical analyses of the mutation distribution in several thousand cancerous tumors make it possible to find cures for types of cancer that cannot be treated today.

Scientists find 'missing link' in important tumor suppression mechanism Posted: 12 Nov 2013 06:08 AM PST Novel discovery relating to the function of RUNX3 gene provides new insights on human defence mechanism against early stages of lung cancer development.

Study analyzes sharp rise in U.S. drug poisoning deaths by county Posted: 11 Nov 2013 09:34 PM PST Research demonstrates that there may be a link between geographic patterns and death rates from drug poisoning.

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