ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Clues to curbing obesity found in neuronal 'sweet spot'
• Removing vending machines from schools is not enough to reduce soda consumption
• Potential treatment, prevention of Parkinson's disease
• Taking the guesswork out of cancer therapy
• Guidelines on non-cardiac surgery: Cardiovascular assessment and management
• Southern-style eating increases risk of death for kidney disease patients
• Invasive lionfish likely safe to eat after all: Easy test before you eat
• Harmful drinkers would be affected 200 times more than low risk drinkers if a Minimum Unit Price was introduced
• Is It Really a Concussion? Symptoms Overlap with Neck Injuries, Making Diagnosis a Tough Call
• Blood and saliva tests help predict return of HPV-linked oral cancers
• DNA replication: Molecular mechanism indicates novel routes to block uncontrolled cell division
• Commentary: It’s time to address the health of men around the world
• Master heat-shock factor supports reprogramming of normal cells to enable tumor growth and metastasis
• Molecule enhances copper's lethal punch against microbes
• Wiring-up the brain's vision centers
• Surgeons report significant migraine relief from cosmetic eyelid surgery technique
• Anti-cholinergic drugs impair physical function in elderly patients
• Hope for the overweight: Better understanding of types of fat could lead to new treatments
• Researchers focus on role of the protein progerin in atherosclerosis in both modern and ancient times
• CT scans provide evidence of atherosclerosis in wide range of ancient populations
• Chronic infection, smoke inhalation, or yet to be discovered causes could explain why ancient men and women had atherosclerosis
• Our genes have made us susceptible to atherosclerosis, while our environment determines its speed, severity
• Drug-resistant malaria has spread to critical border regions of Southeast Asia
• Early detection and transplantation provide best outcomes for 'bubble boy' disease

Clues to curbing obesity found in neuronal 'sweet spot' Posted: 01 Aug 2014 06:35 PM PDT Preventing weight gain, obesity, and ultimately diabetes could be as simple as keeping a nuclear receptor from being activated in a small part of the brain, according to a new study.

Removing vending machines from schools is not enough to reduce soda consumption Posted: 01 Aug 2014 06:33 PM PDT Banning vending machines from schools can actually increase soda and fast food consumption among students if it's the only school food policy change implemented, according to new research.

Potential treatment, prevention of Parkinson's disease Posted: 01 Aug 2014 02:09 PM PDT Parkinson's disease affects neurons in the Substantia nigra brain region -- their mitochondrial activity ceases and the cells die. Researchers now show that supplying D-lactate or glycolate, two products of the gene DJ-1, can stop and even counteract this process. They also showed that the two substances rescued the toxic effects of the weed killer Paraquat. Cells that had been treated with this herbicide, which is known to cause a Parkinson's like harm of mitochondria, recovered after the addition of the two substances.

Taking the guesswork out of cancer therapy Posted: 01 Aug 2014 07:50 AM PDT Researchers have developed the first molecular test kit that can predict treatment and survival outcomes in kidney cancer patients.

Guidelines on non-cardiac surgery: Cardiovascular assessment and management Posted: 01 Aug 2014 06:12 AM PDT Worldwide, non-cardiac surgery is associated with an average overall complication rate of between 7 and 11 percent and a mortality rate between 0.8 and 1.5 percent, depending on safety precautions. Up to 42 percent of these are caused by cardiac complications. When applied to the population in the European Union member states, these figures translate into at least 167,000 cardiac complications annually, of which 19,000 are life-threatening.

Southern-style eating increases risk of death for kidney disease patients Posted: 01 Aug 2014 06:10 AM PDT Consuming fried foods and sugar-sweetened beverages is linked to a 50 percent increase in risk of death, according to a new study.

Invasive lionfish likely safe to eat after all: Easy test before you eat Posted: 31 Jul 2014 05:16 PM PDT Scientists have learned that recent fears of invasive lionfish causing fish poisoning may be unfounded. If so, current efforts to control lionfish by fishing derbies and targeted fisheries may remain the best way to control the invasion. And there's a simple way to know for sure whether a lionfish is toxic: test it after it's been cooked.

Harmful drinkers would be affected 200 times more than low risk drinkers if a Minimum Unit Price was introduced Posted: 31 Jul 2014 05:11 PM PDT A new study of liver patients shows that a Minimum Unit Price policy for alcohol is exquisitely targeted towards the heaviest drinkers with cirrhosis. Researchers studied the amount and type of alcohol drunk by 404 liver patients, and also asked patients how much they paid for alcohol. They found that patients with alcohol related cirrhosis were drinking on average the equivalent of four bottles of vodka each week, and were buying the cheapest booze they could find.

Is It Really a Concussion? Symptoms Overlap with Neck Injuries, Making Diagnosis a Tough Call Posted: 31 Jul 2014 05:09 PM PDT Athletes and others reporting cognitive difficulties after a head injury are usually diagnosed as having had a concussion. But is it really a concussion? A new study finds that many of the same symptoms are common to concussions and to injuries to the neck and/or balance system, known collectively as cervical/vestibular injuries.

Blood and saliva tests help predict return of HPV-linked oral cancers Posted: 31 Jul 2014 05:09 PM PDT Physicians have developed blood and saliva tests that help accurately predict recurrences of HPV-linked oral cancers in a substantial number of patients. The tests screen for DNA fragments of the human papillomavirus (HPV) shed from cancer cells lingering in the mouth or other parts of the body.

DNA replication: Molecular mechanism indicates novel routes to block uncontrolled cell division Posted: 31 Jul 2014 05:09 PM PDT Scientists have revealed the intricate mechanisms involved in the enzyme that governs DNA duplication during cell division.

Commentary: It’s time to address the health of men around the world Posted: 31 Jul 2014 05:09 PM PDT All over the world, men die younger than women and do worse on a host of health indicators, yet policy makers rarely focus on this "men's health gap" or adopt programs aimed at addressing it, according to an international group of researchers and health charity workers.

Master heat-shock factor supports reprogramming of normal cells to enable tumor growth and metastasis Posted: 31 Jul 2014 11:55 AM PDT Long associated with enabling the proliferation of cancer cells, the ancient cellular survival response regulated by Heat-Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) can also turn neighboring cells in their environment into co-conspirators that support malignant progression and metastasis. This study has implications for the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of cancer patients.

Molecule enhances copper's lethal punch against microbes Posted: 31 Jul 2014 11:55 AM PDT Harnessing a natural process in the body that pumps lethal doses of copper to fungi and bacteria shows promise as a new way to kill infectious microbes, scientists report.

Wiring-up the brain's vision centers Posted: 31 Jul 2014 11:54 AM PDT Researchers have evidence suggesting that neurons in the developing brains of mice are guided by a simple but elegant birth order rule that allows them to find and form their proper connections.

Surgeons report significant migraine relief from cosmetic eyelid surgery technique Posted: 31 Jul 2014 06:53 AM PDT Plastic and reconstructive surgeons report a high success rate using a method to screen and select patients for a specific surgical migraine treatment technique. More than 90 percent of the patients who underwent this surgery to decompress the nerves that trigger migraines experienced relief and also got a bonus cosmetic eyelid surgery.

Anti-cholinergic drugs impair physical function in elderly patients Posted: 31 Jul 2014 06:47 AM PDT Drugs widely prescribed to the elderly could be responsible for a decline in cognitive and physical function according to new research. A new report reveals that anti-cholinergic drugs – which are used to treat conditions including asthma, high blood pressure, insomnia, dizziness and diarrhea - could impact physical functions in elderly patients such as eating and getting dressed.

Hope for the overweight: Better understanding of types of fat could lead to new treatments Posted: 31 Jul 2014 06:46 AM PDT The body has different types of adipose tissue that perform various metabolic tasks: white, beige and brown. For the first time, researchers have successfully identified specific surface proteins that can help distinguish between the three types. This discovery makes it possible to develop new treatment options for adiposity.

Researchers focus on role of the protein progerin in atherosclerosis in both modern and ancient times Posted: 30 Jul 2014 05:37 PM PDT Since evidence of atherosclerosis has been discovered in ancient human mummies, attention has been focused on possible causative factors other than those related to modern lifestyles. Researchers now discuss the potential role of the protein progerin.

CT scans provide evidence of atherosclerosis in wide range of ancient populations Posted: 30 Jul 2014 05:37 PM PDT Although atherosclerosis is widely thought to be a disease of modern times, computed tomographic evidence of atherosclerosis has been found in the bodies of a large number of mummies. Researchers have reviewed the findings of atherosclerotic calcifications in the remains of ancient people -- humans who lived across a very wide span of human history and over most of the inhabited globe.

Chronic infection, smoke inhalation, or yet to be discovered causes could explain why ancient men and women had atherosclerosis Posted: 30 Jul 2014 05:37 PM PDT Potential causes that could have led to atherosclerosis in ancient times, the underlying disease process that causes heart attack and stroke and leads to coronary artery bypass surgery, angioplasty and stenting, outlined.

Our genes have made us susceptible to atherosclerosis, while our environment determines its speed, severity Posted: 30 Jul 2014 05:36 PM PDT In a new editorial, authors ask: 'Why do humans develop atherosclerosis? Is the human genome hardwired to develop atherosclerosis? Can atherosclerosis be entirely prevented? Is atherosclerosis fundamental to the aging process? Have the risk factors that have contributed to the development of atherosclerosis been the same all along human evolution?'

Drug-resistant malaria has spread to critical border regions of Southeast Asia Posted: 30 Jul 2014 02:31 PM PDT Drug-resistant malaria parasites have spread to critical border regions of Southeast Asia, seriously threatening global malaria control and elimination programs.

Early detection and transplantation provide best outcomes for 'bubble boy' disease Posted: 30 Jul 2014 02:31 PM PDT Children born with so-called 'bubble boy' disease have the best chance of survival if they undergo a hematopoietic stem cell transplant as soon after birth as possible, according to a detailed analysis of 10 years of outcome data. These findings, the researchers say, argue for expanding newborn screening for severe combined immune deficiency, which leaves affected infants so vulnerable to infection that most die by their first birthday.

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