ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Study warns swift action needed to curb exponential climb in Ebola outbreak
• New treatment designed to save more eyes from cancer
• Molecular 'breadcrumb trail' that helps melanoma spread found
• Helping outdoor workers reduce skin cancer risk
• Defective gene renders diarrhea vaccine ineffective
• Discovery of cellular snooze button advances cancer, biofuel research
• Scientists create new protein-based material with some nerve
• Mediterranean diet, olive oil and nuts can help reverse metabolic syndrome
• How metastases develop in the liver
• Dental anxiety leads cause for moderate sedation
• Older women more likely to have multiple health conditions
• Scientists sniff out unexpected role for stem cells in the brain
• Women with high blood pressure get different treatment to men, Swedish research finds
• More physical activity improved school performance in Swedish study
• Diet, exercise during pregnancy has hidden benefits
• Stenting safe, effective for long-term stroke prevention
• Cautious optimism as childhood obesity rates in Ireland plateau
• Fly genome could help improve health, environment
• Memories of pain during childbirth tied to intensity rather than length of labor
• Factors that may contribute to pancreatic cancer: New insight
• Chlamydia: New clues behind resilience of leading sexually transmitted pathogen
• Teenage baseball pitchers at risk for permanent shoulder injury
• Personalized treatment for stress-related diabetes
• Autophagy helps fast track stem cell activation
• Soviet fixator heals fractures just as well as pins, screws
• Institutional rearing may increase risk for attention-deficit disorder by altering cortical development
• Do cycle lanes increase safety of cyclists from overtaking vehicles?
• Light-activated drug could reduce side effects of diabetes medication
• Side effects of cancer prevention surgery can be helped with a single-day education program, study finds
• Living near major roads may increase risk of sudden cardiac death in women
• Evolution of extreme parasites explained by scientists
• Youth sports injury rates examined in study
• Oral drug reduces formation of precancerous polyps in colon
• Seven surprising facts about stroke
• World's smallest liver-kidney transplant performed to save toddler's life
• Out-of-step cells spur muscle fibrosis in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy patients
• Sustained feedback to doctors may be needed to maintain appropriate antibiotic use in children
• Treating cancer: Biologists find gene that could stop tumors in their tracks
• Barriers lead to poor pain control in Latino children after surgery
• Versatile antibiotic found with self-immunity gene on plasmid in staph strain
• Disputed theory on Parkinson's origin strengthened
• Knowing roles of physician anesthesiologists can give patients a better experience, outcome
• Common anesthetic can reduce chronic pain after mastectomy
• Patients with catastrophizing disorder more likely to develop chronic pain after surgery
• Body position in breast cancer radiation treatment matters, experts say
• Cushing's syndrome: Researchers characterize new tumor syndrome
• Aluminum: Its likely contribution to Alzheimer's disease
• Methods will reverse arsenic danger in Bangladesh water supply
• Potential cause for 40 per cent of pre-term births identified by scientists

Study warns swift action needed to curb exponential climb in Ebola outbreak Posted: 22 Sep 2014 08:11 AM PDT Unless Ebola control measures in west Africa are enhanced quickly, experts from the WHO and Imperial College, London, predict numbers will continue to climb exponentially, and more than 20,000 people will have been infected by early November, according to a new article in the New England Journal of Medicine released 6 months after WHO was first notified of the outbreak in west Africa.

New treatment designed to save more eyes from cancer Posted: 14 Oct 2014 11:28 AM PDT A new technique for treating the eye cancer retinoblastoma has been developed to improve the odds for preventing eye loss, blindness or death in children with advanced forms of the disease. The new procedure is credited saving the eyesight of a 4-year-old girl.

Molecular 'breadcrumb trail' that helps melanoma spread found Posted: 14 Oct 2014 11:27 AM PDT Melanoma cells are drawn to follow the 'trail' of a naturally-occurring molecule in the body, which directs this serious type of skin cancer to spread, scientists have discovered.

Helping outdoor workers reduce skin cancer risk Posted: 14 Oct 2014 10:04 AM PDT Skin cancer is one of the biggest fears for one in two outdoor workers, and when the boss and staff work together the sun safe message gets through, a study has found.

Defective gene renders diarrhea vaccine ineffective Posted: 14 Oct 2014 10:04 AM PDT Every year rotavirus causes half a million diarrhea-related deaths amongst children in developing countries. Existing vaccines provide poor protection. The reason could be a widespread genetic resistance amongst children, according to virologists.

Discovery of cellular snooze button advances cancer, biofuel research Posted: 14 Oct 2014 09:40 AM PDT The discovery of a cellular snooze button has allowed a team of scientists to potentially improve biofuel production and offer insight on the early stages of cancer.

Scientists create new protein-based material with some nerve Posted: 14 Oct 2014 09:39 AM PDT Scientists have taken proteins from nerve cells and used them to create a 'smart' material that is extremely sensitive to its environment. The work could lead to new types of biological sensors, flow valves and controlled drug release systems, they report.

Mediterranean diet, olive oil and nuts can help reverse metabolic syndrome Posted: 14 Oct 2014 09:39 AM PDT For people with metabolic syndrome, a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts may help reverse the condition, indicate findings from a clinical trial.

How metastases develop in the liver Posted: 14 Oct 2014 08:47 AM PDT Most tumors are only fatal if the cancer cells spread in the body and form secondary tumors, known as metastases, in other organs, such as the liver. Scientists have now shown that increased amounts of a particular protein in the liver create favorable conditions for the implantation of cancer cells and thus for the formation of metastases. The researchers have already succeeded in preventing these processes in an animal model.

Dental anxiety leads cause for moderate sedation Posted: 14 Oct 2014 08:46 AM PDT Dental anxiety can be so extreme for some patients that a simple cotton swab on the gums makes them flinch. And others, fearful of pain, simply avoid seeing the dentist, according to a new study by dental researchers on when and how to use sedatives during dental procedures.

Older women more likely to have multiple health conditions Posted: 14 Oct 2014 06:52 AM PDT In the context of an aging population, the number of cases of people with multimorbidity, or multiple health conditions, is increasing, creating significant healthcare challenges. Now, the first comprehensive systematic review in this field has found higher levels of multimorbidity in women.

Scientists sniff out unexpected role for stem cells in the brain Posted: 14 Oct 2014 06:52 AM PDT For decades, scientists thought that neurons in the brain were born only during the early development period and could not be replenished. More recently, however, they discovered cells with the ability to divide and turn into new neurons in specific brain regions. Scientists now report that newly formed brain cells in the mouse olfactory system -- the area that processes smells -- play a critical role in maintaining proper connections.

Women with high blood pressure get different treatment to men, Swedish research finds Posted: 14 Oct 2014 06:47 AM PDT Women who are treated for high blood pressure are not given the same medication as men, nor do they hit the treatment targets as often, reveals new research from Sweden.

More physical activity improved school performance in Swedish study Posted: 14 Oct 2014 06:47 AM PDT Just two hours of extra physical activity each week can improve school performance, researchers report. This has been shown by a study of approximately 2,000 twelve-year-olds.

Diet, exercise during pregnancy has hidden benefits Posted: 14 Oct 2014 06:47 AM PDT It might not be obvious on the scales, but healthy eating and increased physical activity from walking during pregnancy is directly associated with a range of improved outcomes at birth, according to researchers.

Stenting safe, effective for long-term stroke prevention Posted: 14 Oct 2014 05:51 AM PDT Using stents to keep neck arteries open is just as effective as invasive neck surgery for long-term prevention of fatal and disabling strokes, reports an international trial.

Cautious optimism as childhood obesity rates in Ireland plateau Posted: 14 Oct 2014 05:51 AM PDT Childhood overweight and obesity rates have plateaued in primary school aged children in the Republic of Ireland, reveals new research. The study found that although obesity rates remain high, there is evidence that they have stabilized and may be beginning to fall.

Fly genome could help improve health, environment Posted: 14 Oct 2014 05:51 AM PDT The house fly might be a worldwide pest, but its genome will provide information that could improve our lives. From insights into pathogen immunity, to pest control and decomposing waste, the 691 Mb genome has been sequenced and analyzed by a global consortium of scientists.

Memories of pain during childbirth tied to intensity rather than length of labor Posted: 14 Oct 2014 05:51 AM PDT Childbirth is physically intense and, for many women, it is the most painful experience they will have. And yet, new research shows that the amount of time a woman spends in labor doesn't seem to impact how she remembers her labor pain afterwards. The research reveals that the peak and end levels of pain women experienced, and whether they received an epidural, impacted their recall of labor pain afterward.

Factors that may contribute to pancreatic cancer: New insight Posted: 14 Oct 2014 05:51 AM PDT New research provides a better understanding of pancreatic cancer, and may help identify individuals at increased risk. Pancreatic cancer is a stealthy cancer that is usually detected at very late stages and has a 5-year survival rate of less than 5 percent.

Chlamydia: New clues behind resilience of leading sexually transmitted pathogen Posted: 14 Oct 2014 05:51 AM PDT Factors behind the resilience of the most common sexually transmitted disease in the US, chlamydia, have been explored through new research. Chlamydia affects an estimated 1 million people who are infected.

Teenage baseball pitchers at risk for permanent shoulder injury Posted: 14 Oct 2014 05:51 AM PDT Young baseball pitchers who throw more than 100 pitches per week are at risk for a newly identified overuse injury that can impede normal shoulder development and lead to additional problems, including rotator cuff tears, according to a new study.

Personalized treatment for stress-related diabetes Posted: 14 Oct 2014 05:50 AM PDT A treatment for type 2 diabetes that targets the disease mechanism itself -- and not just the symptoms -- has been developed by researchers. For the first time, knowledge about the individual patient's genetic risk profile is being used. The treatment completely restores the capacity to secrete insulin, which is impaired by the risk gene.

Autophagy helps fast track stem cell activation Posted: 14 Oct 2014 05:49 AM PDT A link between a protective mechanism used by cells and the activation of muscle stem cells has been discovered by researchers. Cells use autophagy to recycle cellular "building blocks" and generate energy during times of nutrient deprivation. The scientists report that when this protective mechanism is operational it also seems to assist in the activation of stem cells.

Soviet fixator heals fractures just as well as pins, screws Posted: 14 Oct 2014 05:49 AM PDT The Ilizarov method is routinely used in eastern Europe in the treatment of bone fractures. Studies of patients have shown that the unorthodox steel frame has many advantages over traditional open surgery, opening the way for it to be introduced as an alternative treatment.

Institutional rearing may increase risk for attention-deficit disorder by altering cortical development Posted: 14 Oct 2014 05:49 AM PDT Over the past decades, we have seen numerous tragic examples where the failure of institutions to meet the needs of infants for social contact and stimulation has led to the failure of these infants to thrive. Infancy and childhood are critical life periods that shape the development of the cortex. A generation of research suggests that enriched environments, full of interesting stimuli to explore, promote cortical development and cognitive function. In contrast, deprivation and stress may compromise cortical development and attenuate some cognitive functions.

Do cycle lanes increase safety of cyclists from overtaking vehicles? Posted: 14 Oct 2014 05:38 AM PDT Cycling is well known to improve individual health and fitness; it also benefits the wider population in terms of economy, road congestion and environmental impact. However, despite benefits outweighing the risks by 20:1, many consider the risk too great and fear of perceived danger on the road needs to be tackled.

Light-activated drug could reduce side effects of diabetes medication Posted: 14 Oct 2014 05:35 AM PDT Scientists have created a drug for type 2 diabetes that is switched on by blue light, which they hope will improve treatment of the disease. The drug would be inactive under normal conditions, but a patient could in theory switch it on using blue LEDs stuck to the skin. Only a small amount of light would need to penetrate the skin to change the drug's shape and turn it on. This change is reversible, so the drug switches off again when the light goes off.

Side effects of cancer prevention surgery can be helped with a single-day education program, study finds Posted: 14 Oct 2014 05:33 AM PDT More women are having ovary-removing surgery as a cancer prevention measure, but many are often unaware of sexual or psychological side effects of the procedure. A new study shows a half-day educational program can help successfully deal with these issues by educating women on how to address them.

Living near major roads may increase risk of sudden cardiac death in women Posted: 13 Oct 2014 04:06 PM PDT Living near a major road was associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death in women. Environmental exposure may increase heart disease risk as much as smoking, poor diet or obesity.

Evolution of extreme parasites explained by scientists Posted: 13 Oct 2014 04:04 PM PDT Extreme adaptations of species often cause such significant changes that their evolutionary history is difficult to reconstruct. Zoologists have now discovered a new parasite species that represents the missing link between fungi and an extreme group of parasites. Researchers are now able to understand, for the first time, the evolution of these parasites, causing disease in humans and animals.

Youth sports injury rates examined in study Posted: 13 Oct 2014 12:26 PM PDT The patterns of youth sports injury rates, such as top 5 most common sports and recreation injuries, have been explored by researchers. The study suggests that tailoring safety regulations more closely by age could impact the incidence of injury.

Oral drug reduces formation of precancerous polyps in colon Posted: 13 Oct 2014 12:26 PM PDT Inflammatory cells in the colon, or polyps, are very common after the age of 50. Most are benign, but some will develop into colon cancer. Now, in an animal study, an oral medication has successfully treated chronic, precancerous inflammation in the intestine.

Seven surprising facts about stroke Posted: 13 Oct 2014 12:26 PM PDT Here are seven surprising things you may not know about stroke, including how strokes are surprisingly common in young people and U.S. presidents, and how sex can trigger a stroke.

World's smallest liver-kidney transplant performed to save toddler's life Posted: 13 Oct 2014 12:26 PM PDT A recent case of a baby's liver-kidney transplantation not only saved her life, but has in fact been recognized as the world's smallest transplantation of its kind.

Out-of-step cells spur muscle fibrosis in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy patients Posted: 13 Oct 2014 11:17 AM PDT Like a marching band falling out of step, muscle cells fail to perform in unison in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Researchers reveal how this breakdown leads to the proliferation of stiff fibrotic tissue within muscles.

Sustained feedback to doctors may be needed to maintain appropriate antibiotic use in children Posted: 13 Oct 2014 10:01 AM PDT A program that provides guidance to primary care physicians about appropriately prescribing antibiotics for children is effective, but its improvements wear off after regular auditing and feedback are discontinued, a study finds.

Treating cancer: Biologists find gene that could stop tumors in their tracks Posted: 13 Oct 2014 09:30 AM PDT A gene in a soil amoeba that can overcompensate for the specific mutations of a similar gene has been found by researchers. In humans, those genetic mutations can often lead to tumor growth. Researchers are now looking for a separate human gene that could overcompensate for mutations in the same way.

Barriers lead to poor pain control in Latino children after surgery Posted: 13 Oct 2014 08:23 AM PDT More than two-thirds of children from low-income Latino families don't receive adequate pain control when they go home after surgery, according to a study. Obstacles to appropriate pain management include language barriers, misconceptions about pain management and a preference for alternative therapies, the study found.

Versatile antibiotic found with self-immunity gene on plasmid in staph strain Posted: 13 Oct 2014 07:42 AM PDT A robust, broad spectrum antibiotic, and a gene that confers immunity to that antibiotic are both found in the bacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis Strain 115. The antibiotic, a member of the thiopeptide family of antibiotics, is not in widespread use, partly due to its complex structure, but the investigators now report that the mechanism of synthesis is surprisingly simple.

Disputed theory on Parkinson's origin strengthened Posted: 13 Oct 2014 07:41 AM PDT Does Parkinson's disease actually start in the gut? The so-called Braak's hypothesis proposes that the disease process begins in the digestive tract and in the brain's center of smell. The theory is supported by the fact that symptoms associated with digestion and smell occur very early on in the disease.

Knowing roles of physician anesthesiologists can give patients a better experience, outcome Posted: 13 Oct 2014 07:39 AM PDT Most surgical patients know a physician anesthesiologist will "put them to sleep," but what they don't realize is that this medical doctor plays a major role in preparing them for the operation. Just as important, these physicians keep them safe and preserve their health during surgery and help them recover as quickly and as comfortably as possible, according to a study.

Common anesthetic can reduce chronic pain after mastectomy Posted: 13 Oct 2014 07:38 AM PDT More than two-thirds of women who have had mastectomies struggle with persistent pain, but it doesn't have to be that way. Breast cancer patients who receive a common local anesthetic during surgery are less likely to experience chronic pain following mastectomy, suggests a new study.

Patients with catastrophizing disorder more likely to develop chronic pain after surgery Posted: 13 Oct 2014 07:38 AM PDT Patients with a psychological cognitive disorder known as catastrophizing are more likely to develop persistent, chronic pain after surgery, according to new research. Pain catastrophizing occurs when a patient has an irrational and illogical focus on pain, perceiving that it is worse than it actually is.

Body position in breast cancer radiation treatment matters, experts say Posted: 13 Oct 2014 07:38 AM PDT A new treatment board which allows patients to lie on their stomach in the prone position during radiation treatment is proving more effective for breast cancer patients, experts report.

Cushing's syndrome: Researchers characterize new tumor syndrome Posted: 13 Oct 2014 06:04 AM PDT Mutations in a gene known as "ARMC5" promote the growth of benign tumors in the adrenal glands and on the meninges, researchers report. ARMC5 appears to belong to the group of so-called tumor suppressor genes. It is the first time in years that scientists have characterized such a gene.

Aluminum: Its likely contribution to Alzheimer's disease Posted: 13 Oct 2014 06:04 AM PDT A world authority on the link between human exposure to aluminum in everyday life and its likely contribution to Alzheimer's disease says in a new report that it may be inevitable that aluminum plays some role in the disease.

Methods will reverse arsenic danger in Bangladesh water supply Posted: 13 Oct 2014 06:02 AM PDT Arsenic poisoning is widespread in Bangladesh, where ground water is contaminated by runoff from the Himalayas. Now researchers have developed two simple and cheap methods that well drillers can use to tap arsenic-safe drinking water.

Potential cause for 40 per cent of pre-term births identified by scientists Posted: 13 Oct 2014 06:02 AM PDT Scientists have identified what they believe could be a cause of pre-term premature rupture of the fetal membrane (PPROM), which accounts for 40 per cent of pre-term births, and is the main reason for infant death world-wide.

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