ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Study reveals cause of poorer outcomes for African-American patients with breast cancer
• Kids with ADHD must squirm to learn, study says
• Researchers make key malarial drug-resistence finding
• New research shows how to tackle obesity
• 'Real-time' feedback, 'pay for performance' improve physician practice, hospital safety
• Seafood samples had no elevated contaminant levels from oil spill, study shows
• Cancer and chemobrain: Cancer diagnosis affects cognitive function
• Applied physics helps decipher causes of sudden death
• Local physician recommends World Health Organization retire the term opioid substitution therapy
• 9/11 leaves legacy of chronic ill health among emergency medical services workers
• Playing a wind instrument could help lower the risk of sleep apnea
• Adenosine receptor can activate 'off signals' for pain
• Smokers who use e-cigarettes less likely to quit, study shows
• Research finds no correlation between regulatory T cells and survival in glioblastoma
• 160 people die of rabies every day, says major new study
• Cell type responsible for scarring, skin-cancer growth identified by scientists
• Genetic predisposition found for noise-induced hearing loss
• Major vascular anomalies found in brains of people with Huntington's disease
• Could maple syrup help cut use of antibiotics?

Study reveals cause of poorer outcomes for African-American patients with breast cancer Posted: 18 Apr 2015 06:28 AM PDT Poorer outcomes for African-American women with estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer, compared with European-American patients, appears to be due, in part, to a strong survival mechanism within the cancer cells, according to a study.

Kids with ADHD must squirm to learn, study says Posted: 17 Apr 2015 04:00 PM PDT Excessive movement common among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is actually vital to how they remember information and work out complex cognitive tasks, a new study shows. The findings show the longtime prevailing methods for helping children with ADHD may be misguided.

Researchers make key malarial drug-resistence finding Posted: 17 Apr 2015 04:00 PM PDT A molecular mechanism responsible for making malaria parasites resistant to artemisinins, the leading class of antimalarial drugs, has been discovered by researchers. Artemisinins are powerful drugs that have the most rapid action of all current drugs against the parasite species that causes the most dangerous form of malaria. Artemisinin combination therapies (ACTs) are now standard treatment worldwide for P. falciparum malaria. Unfortunately, resistance to artemisinin has been detected in five countries across Southeast Asia.

New research shows how to tackle obesity Posted: 17 Apr 2015 03:59 PM PDT One size does not fit all when it comes to tackling obesity, according to a new study. Researchers looking at how to tackle England's country's obesity issue and found that currently individuals are often treated the same regardless of how healthy they are, where they live or their behavioral characteristics.

'Real-time' feedback, 'pay for performance' improve physician practice, hospital safety Posted: 17 Apr 2015 03:59 PM PDT Hospitals may reach higher safety and quality levels with programs that give physicians real-time feedback about evidence-based care and financial incentives for providing it, research shows.

Seafood samples had no elevated contaminant levels from oil spill, study shows Posted: 17 Apr 2015 03:59 PM PDT Following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in 2010, many people were concerned that seafood was contaminated by either the oil or dispersants used to keep the oil from washing ashore. A new study found that all seafood tested so far has shown "remarkably low contaminant levels," based on FDA standards.

Cancer and chemobrain: Cancer diagnosis affects cognitive function Posted: 17 Apr 2015 05:52 AM PDT Breast cancer patients often display mild cognitive defects even before the initiation of chemotherapy. A new study now attributes the syndrome to post-traumatic stress induced by diagnosis of the disease.

Applied physics helps decipher causes of sudden death Posted: 17 Apr 2015 05:52 AM PDT Sudden cardiac death accounts for approximately 10% of natural deaths, most of which are due to ventricular fibrillation. Each year it causes 300,000 deaths in the United States. Researchers have demonstrated for the first time that the transition to calcium alternans, an arrhythmia associated with increased risk of sudden death, has common features with the magnetic ordering of metals. This new finding improves our understanding of the physical causes of sudden death and will advance the design of drugs to prevent it.

Local physician recommends World Health Organization retire the term opioid substitution therapy Posted: 16 Apr 2015 04:27 PM PDT A researcher and physician caring for individuals with substance abuse disorders, believes the term opioid substitution therapy has unintended adverse consequences for patients receiving treatment for addiction.

9/11 leaves legacy of chronic ill health among emergency medical services workers Posted: 16 Apr 2015 04:27 PM PDT The 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City in 2001 have left a legacy of chronic ill health among emergency medical services workers who came to the rescue of the victims, reveals research. Those who arrived in the immediate aftermath of the attacks are most at risk of physical and mental ailments, the findings show.

Playing a wind instrument could help lower the risk of sleep apnea Posted: 16 Apr 2015 04:25 PM PDT Wind instrument players have a reduced risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea, a new study shows. "The findings of our small study present an interesting theory on preventative measures or treatment in sleep apnea. If the findings are confirmed in larger groups, wind instrument playing could become a cheap and non-invasive method of preventing sleep apnea in those at risk of developing the condition," commented an investigator.

Adenosine receptor can activate 'off signals' for pain Posted: 16 Apr 2015 04:25 PM PDT Pain is the most common reason that people seek medical attention, but the available treatments are not always successful at relieving pain in patients with chronic pain. Now researchers found that drugs targeting the A3 adenosine receptor can "turn off" pain signals in the spinal cord to provide relief from chronic pain.

Smokers who use e-cigarettes less likely to quit, study shows Posted: 16 Apr 2015 04:25 PM PDT The increase in use of e-cigarettes has led to heated debates between opponents who question the safety of these devices and proponents who claim the battery-operated products are a useful cessation tool. In a new study, researchers found that smokers who used e-cigarettes were 49 percent less likely to decrease cigarette use and 59 percent less likely to quit smoking compared to smokers who never used e-cigarettes.

Research finds no correlation between regulatory T cells and survival in glioblastoma Posted: 16 Apr 2015 12:52 PM PDT Using a novel methodology of epigenetic quantitative analysis, investigators found no correlation between regulatory T cells and survival in the tumor microenvironment or blood, even when adjusting for well-known prognostic factors.

160 people die of rabies every day, says major new study Posted: 16 Apr 2015 11:55 AM PDT A global study on canine rabies has found that 160 people die every single day from the disease. The report is the first study to consider the impact in terms of deaths and the economic costs of rabies across all countries. Even though the disease is preventable, 59,000 people die every year of rabies transmitted by dogs, and the disease costs global economies $8.6 billion US.

Cell type responsible for scarring, skin-cancer growth identified by scientists Posted: 16 Apr 2015 11:55 AM PDT A skin cell responsible for scarring, and a molecule that inhibits the cell's activity, have been identified by researchers. The researchers also found that the cell may play a role in the growth of melanoma and in skin damage caused by radiation. A drug that acts in the same way as the inhibitory molecule is already approved for use in humans as a treatment for type-2 diabetes, so it could potentially move quickly into clinical trials for the treatment of scarring and melanoma, they say.

Genetic predisposition found for noise-induced hearing loss Posted: 16 Apr 2015 11:55 AM PDT In a new genome-wide association study, an international team of neuroscientists has found evidence that some people may be more genetically susceptible to noise-induced hearing loss than others.

Major vascular anomalies found in brains of people with Huntington's disease Posted: 16 Apr 2015 11:12 AM PDT Significant vascular changes in the brains of people with Huntington's disease have been identified by researchers. This breakthrough will have significant implications for our understanding of the disease and could open the door to new therapeutic targets for treating this fatal neurodegenerative condition.

Could maple syrup help cut use of antibiotics? Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:26 AM PDT A concentrated extract of maple syrup makes disease-causing bacteria more susceptible to antibiotics, according to laboratory experiments. The findings suggest that combining maple syrup extract with common antibiotics could increase the microbes' susceptibility, leading to lower antibiotic usage.

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