ScienceDaily: Top News |
- New genomics tool could help predict tumor aggressiveness, treatment outcomes
- Facebook users' wishful thinking: Cyberbullying, depression won't happen to me
- Ophthalmologists uncover autoimmune process that causes rejection of secondary corneal transplants
- Professional golfers live a lonely life in the midst of rivalries on a meager income
- Poll: Massachusetts police chiefs favor discretion in issuing concealed gun permits
- Repeated marine predator evolution tracks changes in ancient and Anthropocene oceans
- Dating the moon-forming impact event with meteorites
- How do we hear time within sound?
- Exploring the ADHD-Autism link
- Giant galaxies die from the inside out: Star formation shuts down in the centers of elliptical galaxies first
- Scientists discover protein that boosts immunity to viruses and cancer
- Convenience, workplace incentives may increase use of public transit
- First steps in basic process could be harnessed to make therapeutic cells
- Tumors prefer the easy way out
- Intense magnetic field close to supermassive black hole
- Dwarf planet Ceres color map reveals surface diversity
- Zinc deficiency linked to activation of Hedgehog signaling pathway
- Major advance in artificial photosynthesis poses win/win for the environment
- Fish type, body size can help predict nutrient recycling rates
- Socioeconomic factors affect odds of death after a lung cancer operation
- Housework keeps older adults more physically, emotionally fit, researcher finds
- Electronic micropump to deliver treatments deep within the brain
- More individuals discussing end-of-life wishes with loved ones
- Encountering a wall corrects 'GPS' in mouse brains, study finds
- Morphing octopuses have unique way to control their 'odd' forms
- For men, online generosity is a competition
- Studying how climate affects biodiversity
- Genetics overlap found between Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular risk factors
- New research sheds light on how popular probiotic benefits the gut
- Osteoporosis diagnosis contributes to hearing loss risk
- Difficult to break the soda habit? Sugar-sweetened beverages suppress body's stress response
- New transitional stem cells discovered
- Adverse childhood events appear to increase the risk of being a hypertensive adult
- Nanotubes with two walls have singular qualities
- Mapping language in the brain
- Watch where you're going: New study reveals how people avoid bumping into each other
- New mouse model for the study of neurofibromatosis
- Novel online bioinformatics tool significantly reduces time of multiple genome analysis
- Virtual reality may be effective tool for evaluating balance control in glaucoma patients
- Mushrooms boost immunity, suggests research
- College football rivalries influenced by competition for resources
- Obesity significantly increases prostate cancer risk in African-American men
- Botox makes unnerving journey into our nervous system
- Wildfires emit more greenhouse gases than assumed in California climate targets
- Victorian baby teeth could help predict future health of children today
- Protein building blocks for nanosystems
- Palaeolithic remains show cannibalistic habits of human ancestors
- A 'pin ball machine' for atoms and photons
- Scientists use brain stimulation to boost creativity, set stage to potentially treat depression
- Faculty in doctoral programs more responsive to white male prospective students, research finds
- With biosimilar drug development on the rise, researchers explore efficacy
- A sniff of happiness: Chemicals in sweat may convey positive emotion
- After prostate cancer, start walking, experts say
- Breastfeeding may prevent postpartum smoking relapse
- Increasing evidence points to inflammation as source of nervous system manifestations of Lyme disease
- Proto-suns teeming with prebiotic molecules
- Rainforest protection akin to speed limit control
- Blending realities to create a truly global workforce
- Synthetic drugs: evidence that they can cause cancer
- Firearm-related hospitalizations linked to U. S. stock market performance
New genomics tool could help predict tumor aggressiveness, treatment outcomes Posted: 16 Apr 2015 04:27 PM PDT A new method for measuring genetic variability within a tumor might one day help doctors identify patients with aggressive cancers that are more likely to resist therapy, according to a study. Researchers used a new scoring method they developed called MATH (mutant-allele tumor heterogeneity) to measure the genetic variability among cancer cells within tumors from 305 patients with head and neck cancer. High MATH scores corresponded to tumors with many differences among the gene mutations present in different cancer cells. |
Facebook users' wishful thinking: Cyberbullying, depression won't happen to me Posted: 16 Apr 2015 04:27 PM PDT Facebook users with so-called optimistic bias think they're less likely than other users to experience cyberbullying, depression and other negative social and psychological effects from using the site, a study finds. The study suggests that optimistic bias, or an intrinsic tendency to imagine future events in a favorable light that enhances positive self-regard -- in other words, wishful thinking -- leaves those Facebook users vulnerable to the negative realities of social media. |
Ophthalmologists uncover autoimmune process that causes rejection of secondary corneal transplants Posted: 16 Apr 2015 04:27 PM PDT Ophthalmologists have identified an important cause of why secondary corneal transplants are rejected at triple the rate of first-time corneal transplants. The cornea -- the most frequently transplanted solid tissue -- has a first-time transplantation success rate of about 90 percent. But second corneal transplants undergo a rejection rate three times that of first transplants. |
Professional golfers live a lonely life in the midst of rivalries on a meager income Posted: 16 Apr 2015 04:27 PM PDT |
Poll: Massachusetts police chiefs favor discretion in issuing concealed gun permits Posted: 16 Apr 2015 04:27 PM PDT Who decides who can carry concealed firearms legally? Should local police chiefs have a say? Massachusetts police chiefs think so. A new survey finds that a majority of Massachusetts police chiefs favor continuing to give local police discretion in whether or not to grant concealed carry hand gun permits in their jurisdiction. Massachusetts is one of nine states with a 'may-issue' concealed carry permit law, which gives a police chief discretion in issuing a gun permit. |
Repeated marine predator evolution tracks changes in ancient and Anthropocene oceans Posted: 16 Apr 2015 11:55 AM PDT Scientists synthesized decades of scientific discoveries to illuminate the common and unique patterns driving the extraordinary transitions that whales, dolphins, seals and other species underwent as they moved from land to sea. Drawing on recent breakthroughs in diverse fields such as paleontology, molecular biology and conservation ecology, their findings offer a comprehensive look at how life in the ocean has responded to environmental change from the Triassic to the Anthropocene. |
Dating the moon-forming impact event with meteorites Posted: 16 Apr 2015 11:55 AM PDT Through a combination of data analysis and numerical modeling work, researchers have found a record of the ancient moon-forming giant impact observable in stony meteorites. The research indicates numerous kilometer-sized fragments from the giant impact struck main belt asteroids at much higher velocities than typical main belt collisions, heating the surface and leaving behind a permanent record of the impact event. |
How do we hear time within sound? Posted: 16 Apr 2015 11:55 AM PDT |
Exploring the ADHD-Autism link Posted: 16 Apr 2015 11:54 AM PDT |
Posted: 16 Apr 2015 11:11 AM PDT Astronomers have shown for the first time how star formation in "dead" galaxies sputtered out billions of years ago. Astronomers have revealed that three billion years after the Big Bang, these galaxies still made stars on their outskirts, but no longer in their interiors. The quenching of star formation seems to have started in the cores of the galaxies and then spread to the outer parts. |
Scientists discover protein that boosts immunity to viruses and cancer Posted: 16 Apr 2015 11:11 AM PDT Scientists have discovered a protein that plays a central role in promoting immunity to viruses and cancer, opening the door to new therapies. Experiments in mice and human cells have shown that the protein promotes the proliferation of cytotoxic T cells, which kill cancer cells and cells infected with viruses. The discovery was unexpected because the new protein had no known function and doesn't resemble any other protein. |
Convenience, workplace incentives may increase use of public transit Posted: 16 Apr 2015 11:10 AM PDT |
First steps in basic process could be harnessed to make therapeutic cells Posted: 16 Apr 2015 11:10 AM PDT Understanding the molecular signals that guide early cells in the embryo to develop into different types of organs provides insight into how tissues regenerate and repair themselves. By knowing the principles that underlie the intricate steps in this transformation, researchers will be able to make new cells at will for transplantation and tissue repair in such situations as liver or heart disease. |
Tumors prefer the easy way out Posted: 16 Apr 2015 11:10 AM PDT Researchers describe a new way that cancer cells invade other parts of the body, identifying a new treatment target that may be more effective than current drugs. "We are looking for novel ways of preventing cancer cells of the primary tumor from spreading to other parts of the body. Our study points to potential therapeutic targets that could be inhibited to halt tumor cell movement," says the study's principal investigator. |
Intense magnetic field close to supermassive black hole Posted: 16 Apr 2015 11:10 AM PDT |
Dwarf planet Ceres color map reveals surface diversity Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:56 AM PDT |
Zinc deficiency linked to activation of Hedgehog signaling pathway Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:26 AM PDT Zinc deficiency -- long associated with numerous diseases, e.g., autism, lung cancer, prostate cancer, and ovarian cancers -- can lead to activation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway, a biomolecular pathway that plays essential roles in developing organisms and in diseases, according to new research. |
Major advance in artificial photosynthesis poses win/win for the environment Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:26 AM PDT |
Fish type, body size can help predict nutrient recycling rates Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:26 AM PDT |
Socioeconomic factors affect odds of death after a lung cancer operation Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:26 AM PDT |
Housework keeps older adults more physically, emotionally fit, researcher finds Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:26 AM PDT |
Electronic micropump to deliver treatments deep within the brain Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:23 AM PDT For a condition such as epilepsy, it is essential to act at exactly the right time and place in the brain. For this reason, a team of researchers has developed an organic electronic micropump which, when combined with an anti-convulsant drug, enables localized inhibition of epileptic seizure in brain tissue in vitro. |
More individuals discussing end-of-life wishes with loved ones Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:23 AM PDT Discussing end-of-life wishes with loved ones can be difficult, but new research shows more individuals are engaging in advance care planning. Advance care planning includes discussing end-of-life care preferences, providing written end-of-life care instructions and appointing a durable power of attorney for health care. |
Encountering a wall corrects 'GPS' in mouse brains, study finds Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:22 AM PDT By analyzing the activity of 'GPS' neurons in mice, researchers have discovered that the mental maps created by these cells accumulate errors, which are corrected when the animal encounters a wall. The findings support the theory that these cells, called grid cells, use an animal's perceived speed and direction to help it navigate familiar places. |
Morphing octopuses have unique way to control their 'odd' forms Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:22 AM PDT The body plan of octopuses is nothing if not unique, with a sophisticated brain in a soft, bilaterally symmetrical body, encircled by eight radially symmetrical and incredibly flexible arms. Now, researchers reporting the first detailed kinematic analysis of octopus arm coordination in crawling show that the animals have a unique motor control strategy to match their 'odd' form. |
For men, online generosity is a competition Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:21 AM PDT If you are looking to raise money online for your favorite cause, listen up. A real-world analysis of human behavior shows that men treat online giving as a competitive enterprise. Men will donate four times more money to an attractive female fundraiser in response to the contribution of another male. |
Studying how climate affects biodiversity Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:20 AM PDT A key question in the climate debate is how the occurrence and distribution of species is affected by climate change. But without information about natural variation in species abundance it is hard to answer. In a major study, researchers can now for the first time give us a detailed picture of natural variation. |
Genetics overlap found between Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular risk factors Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:20 AM PDT Genetic overlap between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and two significant cardiovascular disease risk factors -- high levels of inflammatory C-reactive protein (CRP) and plasma lipids or fats -- has been identified by researchers. The findings suggest the two cardiovascular phenotypes play a role in AD risk and perhaps offer a new avenue for potentially delaying disease progression. |
New research sheds light on how popular probiotic benefits the gut Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:20 AM PDT |
Osteoporosis diagnosis contributes to hearing loss risk Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:20 AM PDT People who have osteoporosis face a 1.76-fold higher risk of developing sudden deafness than those who do not have the bone disease, according to a new study. Osteoporosis is a progressive condition in which bones become structurally weak and are more likely to fracture or break. More than 40 million people nationwide already have osteoporosis or are at risk of developing the condition due to low bone mass. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL), also called sudden deafness, is an unexplained, rapid loss of hearing that typically happens in one ear. About half of the people who develop SSHL will spontaneously regain their hearing. |
Difficult to break the soda habit? Sugar-sweetened beverages suppress body's stress response Posted: 16 Apr 2015 10:20 AM PDT |
New transitional stem cells discovered Posted: 16 Apr 2015 08:52 AM PDT |
Adverse childhood events appear to increase the risk of being a hypertensive adult Posted: 16 Apr 2015 08:52 AM PDT Children who experience multiple traumatic events, from emotional and sexual abuse to neglect, have higher blood pressures as young adults than their peers, researchers report. These events include emotional, physical, and sexual abuse; emotional and physical neglect; and household dysfunction, such as substance abuse or domestic violence. Researchers found the blood pressure increase resulting from experiencing multiple events wasn't fully explained by known concurrent risk factors such as being male, black, a low socioeconomic status, inactivity, obesity, and smoking. |
Nanotubes with two walls have singular qualities Posted: 16 Apr 2015 08:52 AM PDT |
Posted: 16 Apr 2015 08:32 AM PDT |
Watch where you're going: New study reveals how people avoid bumping into each other Posted: 16 Apr 2015 08:32 AM PDT A new study is a rare look into the delicate dynamics of social movement, and shows how people avoid bumping into each other while doing complementary, coordinated tasks such as dancing. The research reveals that people fall into a specific pattern to avoid a collision. The study holds applications for areas including autism, schizophrenia, robotic research and sport rehabilitation. |
New mouse model for the study of neurofibromatosis Posted: 16 Apr 2015 08:32 AM PDT |
Novel online bioinformatics tool significantly reduces time of multiple genome analysis Posted: 16 Apr 2015 08:32 AM PDT |
Virtual reality may be effective tool for evaluating balance control in glaucoma patients Posted: 16 Apr 2015 08:28 AM PDT Falls are the leading cause of injury-related death and morbidity in older adults, especially those with a chronic eye disease such as glaucoma. To investigate this problem, a multidisciplinary group of researchers has become the first to use virtual reality technology to develop a new method for measuring balance control in those with glaucoma. |
Mushrooms boost immunity, suggests research Posted: 16 Apr 2015 08:28 AM PDT Could a mushroom a day help keep the doctor away? Some early evidence indicates that the Shiitake mushroom boosts immunity. Of the thousands of mushroom species globally, about 20 are used for culinary purposes. Shiitake mushrooms are native to Asia and are cultivated for their culinary and medicinal value. |
College football rivalries influenced by competition for resources Posted: 16 Apr 2015 08:28 AM PDT |
Obesity significantly increases prostate cancer risk in African-American men Posted: 16 Apr 2015 08:28 AM PDT Obesity in black men substantially increases the risk of low- and high-grade prostate cancer, while obesity in white men moderately reduces the risk of low-grade cancer and only slightly increases the risk of high-grade cancer, according to the first large, prospective study to examine how race and obesity jointly affect prostate cancer risk. |
Botox makes unnerving journey into our nervous system Posted: 16 Apr 2015 06:40 AM PDT Researchers have shown how Botox -- also known as Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A -- is transported via our nerves back to the central nervous system. Botox -- best known for its ability to smooth wrinkles -- has been extremely useful for the treatment of over-active muscles and spasticity as it promotes local and long-term paralysis. To date, it has generally been accepted as safe. |
Wildfires emit more greenhouse gases than assumed in California climate targets Posted: 16 Apr 2015 06:40 AM PDT A new study quantifies the amount of carbon stored and released through California forests and wildlands. The results indicate that wildfires and deforestation are contributing more than expected to the carbon emissions, which could affect the ability to meet state mandatory goals to reduce greenhouse gases to 1990 levels by 2020. |
Victorian baby teeth could help predict future health of children today Posted: 16 Apr 2015 06:40 AM PDT Baby teeth from children who died during the 1845-52 Irish famine could help us predict the future health of children born today, according to new research. Investigators found that the biochemical composition of teeth that were forming in the womb and during a child's early years not only provided insight into the health of the baby's mother, it even showed major differences between those infants who died and those who survived beyond early childhood. |
Protein building blocks for nanosystems Posted: 16 Apr 2015 06:39 AM PDT Scientists have developed the concept of protein adaptor based nano-object assembly (PABNOA). PABNOA makes it possible to assemble gold nanoparticles in various structures with the help of ring-shaped proteins while defining the precise distance between these particles. This opens up the possibility of producing bio-based materials with new optical and plasmonic properties. The field of nanoplasmonics focuses on miniscule electromagnetic waves metal particles emit when they interact with light. The principle behind the production of these materials could also be applied to develop nanosystems that convert light into electrical energy as well as bio-based materials with new magnetic properties. |
Palaeolithic remains show cannibalistic habits of human ancestors Posted: 16 Apr 2015 06:39 AM PDT |
A 'pin ball machine' for atoms and photons Posted: 16 Apr 2015 06:39 AM PDT |
Scientists use brain stimulation to boost creativity, set stage to potentially treat depression Posted: 16 Apr 2015 06:38 AM PDT |
Faculty in doctoral programs more responsive to white male prospective students, research finds Posted: 16 Apr 2015 06:38 AM PDT |
With biosimilar drug development on the rise, researchers explore efficacy Posted: 16 Apr 2015 05:44 AM PDT A new article focuses on the first biosimilar monoclonal antibody to be approved in Europe. "While there is growing interest in biosimilars and their potential to reduce the cost of treatment for a number of debilitating diseases, clinicians and patients alike still have some questions," said an author. "Using a detailed background on the clinical development of the first EMA approved biosimilar monoclonal antibody, this article creates a useful framework for consideration of these new drug options." |
A sniff of happiness: Chemicals in sweat may convey positive emotion Posted: 16 Apr 2015 05:43 AM PDT Humans may be able to communicate positive emotions like happiness through the smell of our sweat, according to new research published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. The research indicates that we produce chemical compounds, or chemosignals, when we experience happiness that are detectable by others who smell our sweat. |
After prostate cancer, start walking, experts say Posted: 16 Apr 2015 05:43 AM PDT Walking at an easy pace for about three hours every week may be just enough physical activity to help prostate cancer survivors reduce damaging side effects of their treatment, according to a new study. "Non-vigorous walking for three hours per week seems to improve the fatigue, depression and body weight issues that affect many men post-treatment," said the lead author of the study. "If you walk even more briskly, for only 90 minutes a week, you could also see similar benefits in these areas." |
Breastfeeding may prevent postpartum smoking relapse Posted: 16 Apr 2015 05:43 AM PDT While a large number of women quit or reduce smoking upon pregnancy recognition, many resume smoking postpartum. Previous research has estimated that approximately 70 percent of women who quit smoking during pregnancy relapse within the first year after childbirth, and of those who relapse, 67 percent resume smoking by three months, and up to 90 percent by six months. A new study indicates the only significant predictor in change in smoking behaviors for women who smoked during pregnancy was in those who breastfed their infant, finding that women who breastfed their infants for at least 90 days smoked less in the months following childbirth than women who breastfed for a shorter period of time or who did not breastfeed at all. |
Posted: 16 Apr 2015 05:43 AM PDT About 15 percent of patients with Lyme disease develop peripheral and central nervous system involvement, often accompanied by debilitating and painful symptoms. New research indicates that inflammation plays a causal role in the array of neurologic changes associated with Lyme disease. The investigators also showed that the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone prevents many of these reactions. |
Proto-suns teeming with prebiotic molecules Posted: 16 Apr 2015 05:42 AM PDT Complex organic molecules such as formamide, from which sugars, amino acids and even nucleic acids essential for life can be made, already appear in the regions where stars similar to our Sun are born. Astrophysicists have detected this biomolecule in five protostellar clouds and propose that it forms on tiny dust grains. |
Rainforest protection akin to speed limit control Posted: 16 Apr 2015 05:41 AM PDT The destruction of the Brazilian rainforest has slowed significantly. With around 5000 square kilometers annually, the loss is now about 80% lower than in 2004. An international team of researchers has evaluated the effectiveness of forest law enforcement in the Brazilian Amazon. In some federal states of the Brazilian Amazon region enforcement has been more effective than in others, they have found. |
Blending realities to create a truly global workforce Posted: 16 Apr 2015 05:37 AM PDT The globalization of business already means many companies have their workforce scattered across the world. But what if engineers in different countries want to work together to solve a problem on exactly the same piece of equipment at exactly the same time? This is the challenge behind a unique new project currently underway. |
Synthetic drugs: evidence that they can cause cancer Posted: 16 Apr 2015 05:37 AM PDT Almost weekly, a new synthetic psychoactive drug comes onto the market that can be ordered legally and easily, for example as an incense blend, via the Internet. Synthetic cannabinoids are difficult to identify chemically and the possible unwanted toxic effects that can occur following their consumption have so far barely been investigated. As part of the international EU project "SPICE II Plus", researchers have now also found evidence that synthetic substances damage the DNA of human cells and can therefore possibly have cancer-causing effects. |
Firearm-related hospitalizations linked to U. S. stock market performance Posted: 16 Apr 2015 05:37 AM PDT |
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