ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Regular aspirin use may slow progression of early emphysema
• Curing hepatitis C could yield huge economic benefit
• Shorter stature appears to lead to higher mortality rates, longer waiting times for lung transplantation
• Many children with asthma have reaction to peanuts, but do not know it
• Promising research trials find new combination of drugs treat underlying cause of most common form of cystic fibrosis
• Mechanical and chemical characteristics of electronic cigarettes contribute to potentially hazardous effects
• Electronic cigarette flavorings alter lung function at the cellular level
• Evidence that electronic cigarettes are effective for smoking cessation long-term is lacking
• One exposure to e-cigarette use diminishes cough reflex sensitivity
• Revising guidelines for testosterone testing could more accurately diagnose deficiency
• High salt intake may delay puberty
• New guidelines aim to resolve conflicts in treating critically ill patients
• Fibromyalgia has central nervous system origins
• Study suggests need for renal protective care in pediatric lung transplant patients
• Aging baby boomers, childless and unmarried, at risk of becoming 'elder orphans'
• Men far less likely to prevent, screen for osteoporosis
• Single motherhood before age of 50 linked to poorer health in later life
• New gene implicated in multiple sclerosis disease activity

Regular aspirin use may slow progression of early emphysema Posted: 17 May 2015 06:02 PM PDT Regular use of aspirin may help slow the progression of early emphysema, according to new research.

Curing hepatitis C could yield huge economic benefit Posted: 17 May 2015 11:35 AM PDT While a new generation of safer, more effective oral medications to treat hepatitis C patients may cost tens of thousands of dollars for a 12-week regiment, investing in these new therapies could generate savings estimated at more than $3.2 billion annually in the US and five European countries, according to a new study. These savings would have a significant economic impact on society.

Shorter stature appears to lead to higher mortality rates, longer waiting times for lung transplantation Posted: 17 May 2015 11:34 AM PDT Lung transplant candidates who are about 5'3" or shorter have longer waiting times than taller candidates and are more likely to die within a year while waiting for a lung transplant, according to a new study.

Many children with asthma have reaction to peanuts, but do not know it Posted: 17 May 2015 11:34 AM PDT In recent years and months, peanut allergies in children have been in the news frequently, as scientists reveal new insights into why more and more children are developing them and what can be done to avoid them. However, until now, few have studied the connection between peanut allergy and childhood asthma.

Promising research trials find new combination of drugs treat underlying cause of most common form of cystic fibrosis Posted: 17 May 2015 11:33 AM PDT Results from clinical trials show that a new combination of medications can successfully treat the underlying cause of cystic fibrosis for patients 12 and older with two copies of the F508del gene mutation -- the most common form of the life-threatening, genetic disease found in over half of the CF population.

Mechanical and chemical characteristics of electronic cigarettes contribute to potentially hazardous effects Posted: 17 May 2015 11:33 AM PDT Unlike standard cigarettes, the components of electronic cigarettes are not regulated and standardized, thus they vary widely between products. The characteristics of these e-cigarette elements, including their delivery systems, combustion apparatuses, and the composition of the nicotine solutions they contain may affect the levels of potentially hazardous substances in the vapor they produce, according to a new study.

Electronic cigarette flavorings alter lung function at the cellular level Posted: 17 May 2015 11:33 AM PDT Certain flavorings used in electronic cigarette liquid may alter important cellular functions in lung tissue, according to new research. These changes in cell viability, cell proliferation, and calcium signaling are flavor-dependent. Coupling these results with chemicals identified in each flavor could prove useful in identifying flavors or chemical constituents that produce adverse effects in users.

Evidence that electronic cigarettes are effective for smoking cessation long-term is lacking Posted: 17 May 2015 11:33 AM PDT There is little reliable evidence that electronic cigarettes are effective for long-term smoking cessation, according to a new analysis of the currently available research.

One exposure to e-cigarette use diminishes cough reflex sensitivity Posted: 17 May 2015 11:33 AM PDT With just one exposure to electronic-cigarette (e-cigarette) vapor, participants in a study of 30 healthy subjects demonstrated a diminishment of cough reflex sensitivity.

Revising guidelines for testosterone testing could more accurately diagnose deficiency Posted: 17 May 2015 04:19 AM PDT Some men suffering from testosterone deficiency may be missed under current clinical guidelines while others are misdiagnosed with testosterone deficiency, new research suggests. The researchers call for a revision of the clinical guidelines to ensure that men are receiving the best possible care.

High salt intake may delay puberty Posted: 17 May 2015 04:19 AM PDT High salt diets may delay puberty. As the salt content of Western diets continues to increase these findings could have significant consequences for the reproductive health of future generations.

New guidelines aim to resolve conflicts in treating critically ill patients Posted: 17 May 2015 04:18 AM PDT Who should decide what life-prolonging medical treatments the intensive care patient should receive: the clinician or the patient's family? The answer in almost all circumstances should be "both," according to the authors of a new policy statement aimed at providing guidance for crucial decision-making for the care of patients with advanced critical illness while preventing conflicts between medical staff and family caregivers.

Fibromyalgia has central nervous system origins Posted: 17 May 2015 04:18 AM PDT Fibromyalgia is the second most common rheumatic disorder behind osteoarthritis and, though still widely misunderstood, is now considered to be a lifelong central nervous system disorder, which is responsible for amplified pain that shoots through the body in those who suffer from it. Researchers have analyzed the neurological basis for fibromyalgia.

Study suggests need for renal protective care in pediatric lung transplant patients Posted: 17 May 2015 04:18 AM PDT Caucasian and Hispanic children who undergo lung transplantation appear to be at greater risk for developing chronic kidney disease, or CKD, than other children, according to a small retrospective study.

Aging baby boomers, childless and unmarried, at risk of becoming 'elder orphans' Posted: 15 May 2015 05:35 AM PDT With an aging baby boomer population and increasing numbers of childless and unmarried seniors, nearly one-quarter of Americans over age 65 are currently or at risk to become 'elder orphans,' a vulnerable group requiring greater awareness and advocacy efforts, according to new research.

Men far less likely to prevent, screen for osteoporosis Posted: 15 May 2015 05:35 AM PDT While the consequences of osteoporosis are worse in men than women -- including death -- older males are far less likely to take preventive measures against the potentially devastating bone-thinning disease or accept recommendations for screening, according to startling new research.

Single motherhood before age of 50 linked to poorer health in later life Posted: 14 May 2015 09:11 PM PDT Single motherhood between the ages of 16 and 49 is linked to poorer health in later life in several different countries, suggests research. The risks seem to be greatest for lone mothers in England, the US, Denmark and Sweden, the findings indicate.

New gene implicated in multiple sclerosis disease activity Posted: 14 May 2015 12:28 PM PDT A new study reports the discovery of a genetic variant that is associated with a patient's likelihood of responding to interferon-beta. The study also presents evidence that the affected gene, SLC9A9, may have a broader role in regulating the development and activity of certain immune cells that play important roles in inflammatory diseases like multiple sclerosis.

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