ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• An antibody that can attack HIV in new ways
• Smart cells teach neurons damaged by Parkinson's to heal themselves
• Cancer patient receives 3-D printed ribs
• New epigenetic study reveals exciting insights into colorectal cancer progression
• Improving a better class of cancer drugs
• Connection found between fitness level, brain activity, and executive function
• Poor diet and high blood pressure now number one risk factors for early death
• African dams linked to over one million malaria cases annually
• Pressure to be available 24/7 on social media causes teen anxiety, depression
• Fewer women getting minimally invasive hysterectomies since FDA guidelines
• Diet beverage drinkers compensate by eating unhealthy food, study finds
• Pressure to be cool, look good is detrimental to many children
• Nurses more likely to suffer emotional exhaustion by working 12 hour shifts or longer
• Blood cancers develop when immune cell DNA editing hits off-target spots
• Reduced heart rate variability may indicate greater vulnerability to PTSD
• Struggles with sleep may affect heart disease risk
• Neuroanatomical signature for schizophrenia found
• Study proves pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective at preventing HIV in high-risk gay men

An antibody that can attack HIV in new ways Posted: 11 Sep 2015 11:09 AM PDT Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) are thought to be the future for treating and preventing HIV infections. A bNAb recently characterized by researchers can neutralize the virus in several different states -- increasing the antibody's promise as a therapeutic.

Smart cells teach neurons damaged by Parkinson's to heal themselves Posted: 11 Sep 2015 08:27 AM PDT As a potential treatment for Parkinson's disease, scientists have created smarter immune cells that produce and deliver a healing protein to the brain while also teaching neurons to begin making the protein for themselves.

Cancer patient receives 3-D printed ribs Posted: 11 Sep 2015 08:10 AM PDT After being diagnosed with a chest wall sarcoma, a 54-year-old Spanish man's surgical team made the decision to remove his sternum and a portion of his rib cage and replace it with an implant. This cancer patient has now received a 3-D printed titanium sternum and rib implant.

New epigenetic study reveals exciting insights into colorectal cancer progression Posted: 11 Sep 2015 08:10 AM PDT New epigenetic markers for colorectal cancer have been identified by researchers, suggesting that there may be a new approach for treatment in sight.

Improving a better class of cancer drugs Posted: 11 Sep 2015 08:10 AM PDT A class of therapeutic drugs known as protein kinase inhibitors has become a powerful weapon in the fight against various life-threatening diseases. One problem with these drugs, however, is that they often inhibit many different targets, which can lead to side effects and complications in therapeutic use. A recent study has identified a new technique for improving the selectivity of these drugs and possibly decreasing unwanted side effects in the future.

Connection found between fitness level, brain activity, and executive function Posted: 11 Sep 2015 08:10 AM PDT Brain function associated with higher cardiorespiratory fitness plays a role in increased cognitive performance in older adults, according to a new study. Specifically, the scientists found that dual-task processing in a core executive function brain region is associated with higher cardiorespiratory fitness and dual-task performance.

Poor diet and high blood pressure now number one risk factors for early death Posted: 11 Sep 2015 06:49 AM PDT A new global burden of disease study finds a huge amount of deaths worldwide are due to preventable risk-factors.

African dams linked to over one million malaria cases annually Posted: 11 Sep 2015 06:49 AM PDT For the first time, research correlates the location of large dams with the incidence of malaria and quantifies the impacts across sub-Saharan Africa. The study looked at over 1,200 dams and found that the population at risk for malaria around dams is at least four times greater than previously estimated.

Pressure to be available 24/7 on social media causes teen anxiety, depression Posted: 11 Sep 2015 06:49 AM PDT Overall and night-time specific social media use along with emotional investment were related to poorer sleep quality, lower self-esteem as well as higher anxiety and depression levels, new research concludes.

Fewer women getting minimally invasive hysterectomies since FDA guidelines Posted: 11 Sep 2015 06:49 AM PDT A nearly quarter increase in hospital readmissions and 27 percent increase has been found in major postoperative complications after hysterectomies in Michigan following FDA communication on morcellation.

Diet beverage drinkers compensate by eating unhealthy food, study finds Posted: 11 Sep 2015 06:49 AM PDT A new study that examined the dietary habits of more than 22,000 US adults found that diet-beverage consumers may compensate for the absence of calories in their drinks by binging on extra food that is loaded with sugar, sodium, fat and cholesterol.

Pressure to be cool, look good is detrimental to many children Posted: 11 Sep 2015 06:49 AM PDT The pressure to be cool, look good and own the 'right stuff' is detrimental to many children and teenagers, according to new research. The study shows that, while many young people buy into consumer culture believing it will make them feel better about themselves and help them to make friends, often the reverse happens.

Nurses more likely to suffer emotional exhaustion by working 12 hour shifts or longer Posted: 10 Sep 2015 03:51 PM PDT Hospital nurses who work longer than 12 hour shifts have a higher risk of wanting to leave their job, are more dissatisfied and more likely to burnout in terms of emotional exhaustion, new research has found.

Blood cancers develop when immune cell DNA editing hits off-target spots Posted: 10 Sep 2015 01:42 PM PDT Editing errors in the DNA of developing T and B cells can cause blood cancers. Now, researchers have shown that when the enzyme key to cutting and pasting segments of DNA hits so-called 'off-target' spots on a chromosome, the development of immune cells can lead to cancer in animal models. Knowing the exact nature of these editing errors will be helpful in designing therapeutic enzymes based on these molecular scissors, researchers say.

Reduced heart rate variability may indicate greater vulnerability to PTSD Posted: 10 Sep 2015 01:42 PM PDT A prospective longitudinal study of US Marines suggests that reduced heart rate variability -- the changing time interval between heartbeats -- may be a contributing risk factor for post-traumatic stress disorder.

Struggles with sleep may affect heart disease risk Posted: 10 Sep 2015 01:42 PM PDT Young and middle-aged adults who get too much or too little sleep or have poor quality sleep are at higher risk for the early signs of heart disease than those who get adequate, good quality sleep, research shows.

Neuroanatomical signature for schizophrenia found Posted: 10 Sep 2015 10:19 AM PDT The right anterior insula of brain may play a role in schizophrenia as well as other Axis I disorders such as bipolar disorder, depression, etc. across ethnic groups despite differences in symptoms, suggest findings of a new study.

Study proves pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective at preventing HIV in high-risk gay men Posted: 09 Sep 2015 06:35 PM PDT The Lancet today publishes the results of the PROUD study, which shows giving daily HIV medication to gay men who are HIV negative yet at high risk of becoming HIV positive is highly effective at preventing new infections. The authors, led by Professor Sheena McCormack, of the Medical Research Council (MRC) Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, UK, say that PrEP should now be added to the HIV prevention toolkit for men who have sex with men at risk of HIV infection as soon as possible in the UK and elsewhere.

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