ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Heart failure improvements with diet and exercise
• Microevolutionary evidence: The eyes have it
• Expedition explores remote Galapagos home of rare tortoises
• Export of wood pellets from US to EU more environmentally friendly than coal
• Inflammation linked to weakened reward circuits in depression
• Addition of sugars plays a key developmental role in distantly related plants
• New detector perfect for asteroid mining, planetary research
• Grow your own way: Trade may not help a warming planet fight its farming failures
• Review examines the extent of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from horses
• Can stem cell technology be harnessed to generate biological pacemakers?
• A whiff from blue-green algae likely responsible for Earth's oxygen
• Half of all Amazonian tree species may face extinction
• Electronic plants created
• First-in-human use of virtual reality imaging in cardiac cath lab to treat blocked coronary artery
• New vision for multifunctional materials

Heart failure improvements with diet and exercise Posted: 21 Nov 2015 08:04 AM PST Doctors have shown the benefits of a healthy diet and exercise in patients with heart failure.

Microevolutionary evidence: The eyes have it Posted: 21 Nov 2015 07:58 AM PST A new study shows that larger eye size is the source of a sizable reproductive advantage for a tiny freshwater crustacean, Daphnia obtusa. The research provides hard data for eye microevolution that, until now, were lacking.

Expedition explores remote Galapagos home of rare tortoises Posted: 20 Nov 2015 03:32 PM PST Scientists have launched an expedition to a remote volcano in the Galapagos Islands to search out rare giant tortoises, some of which were found to carry the genes of two species thought, until recently, to be extinct.

Export of wood pellets from US to EU more environmentally friendly than coal Posted: 20 Nov 2015 03:29 PM PST Harvesting wood pellets in the US and exporting them to the EU was more environmentally friendly than burning coal in the EU to generate electricity.

Inflammation linked to weakened reward circuits in depression Posted: 20 Nov 2015 03:29 PM PST Persistent inflammation affects the brain in ways that are connected with stubborn symptoms of depression, such as anhedonia, the inability to experience pleasure. The findings bolster the case that the high-inflammation form of depression is distinct, and are guiding researchers' plans to test treatments tailored for it.

Addition of sugars plays a key developmental role in distantly related plants Posted: 20 Nov 2015 03:29 PM PST Deleting the genes for sugar-adding enzymes from the flowering mustard plant Arabidopsis and the moss Physcomitrella resulted in similar defects in both species, which are widely separated in evolutionary time. Surprisingly, these defects caused part of one species to grow more rapidly and part of the other to grow less rapidly than normal.

New detector perfect for asteroid mining, planetary research Posted: 20 Nov 2015 03:29 PM PST Scientists have proposed a new type of gamma-ray spectroscope that has ideal properties for planetary exploration and asteroid mining.

Grow your own way: Trade may not help a warming planet fight its farming failures Posted: 20 Nov 2015 03:28 PM PST A new study co-authored by an economist suggests that international trade will do little to alleviate climate-induced farming problems. Instead, the report indicates that countries will have to alter their own patterns of crop production to lessen farming problems -- and even then, there will be significant net losses in production under the basic scenarios projected by climate scientists.

Review examines the extent of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from horses Posted: 20 Nov 2015 03:28 PM PST Bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents is a significant problem for both human and veterinary medicine, but little research has been done on the prevalence or mechanisms of resistance in horses and other companion animals, and how such resistance might impact human health.

Can stem cell technology be harnessed to generate biological pacemakers? Posted: 20 Nov 2015 03:28 PM PST Although today's pacemakers are lifesaving electronic devices, they are limited by their artificial nature. For example, the devices require regular maintenance, must be replaced periodically, and can only approximate the natural regulation of a heartbeat. A new article highlights the promise and limitations of new methods based on stem cell and reprogramming technologies to generate biological pacemakers that might one day replace electronic pacemakers.

A whiff from blue-green algae likely responsible for Earth's oxygen Posted: 20 Nov 2015 03:26 PM PST Earth's oxygen-rich atmosphere emerged in whiffs from a kind of blue-green algae in shallow oceans around 2.5 billion years ago, according to new research.

Half of all Amazonian tree species may face extinction Posted: 20 Nov 2015 03:26 PM PST Scientists report that more than half the tree species in the Amazonian rainforest may be globally threatened. However, the study also suggests that Amazonian parks, reserves, and indigenous territories, if properly managed, will protect most of the threatened species.

Electronic plants created Posted: 20 Nov 2015 03:26 PM PST Researchers have created analog and digital electronics circuits inside living plants. The scientists have used the vascular system of living roses to build key components of electronic circuits.

First-in-human use of virtual reality imaging in cardiac cath lab to treat blocked coronary artery Posted: 20 Nov 2015 06:21 AM PST Virtual reality has potential to revolutionize some aspects of medicine and healthcare. Several medical specialties are already using it to train physicians and assist diagnosis and it also has potential for treatment. A group of cardiologists has now successfully used a VR device to guide the opening up (revascularization) of a chronically blocked right coronary artery.

New vision for multifunctional materials Posted: 19 Nov 2015 01:05 PM PST Taking a cue from nature, scientists have deciphered how the biomineral making up the body armor of a chiton mollusk has evolved to create functional eyes embedded in the animal's protective shell. The findings could help determine so far still elusive rules for generating human-made multifunctional materials.

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