ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Research links inorganic mercury exposure to damaged cell processes
• Vitamin D levels linked to weight-loss surgery outcomes
• Infectious disease spread is fueled by international trade
• Evolocumab: No hint of added benefit
• Effectiveness of pain medications for patients receiving treatment for lung condition
• Long-term outcomes of preventing premature menopause during chemotherapy
• South Africa's child mortality reduction deemed 'a successful failure'
• Not enough YAP means too much deadly inflammation inside the brain
• Towards the rational use of medicines
• Blocking fat transport linked to longevity
• Drawing the line on tanning bed use by teens
• Parent touch, play and support in childhood vital to well-being as an adult
• Protein-protein interaction activates, fuels leukemia cell growth
• Call to regulate starvation of 'Paris thin' models
• High drowsy driving crash risk on daytime commute after night work
• Circadian rhythm of genes in brain changes with aging, research shows
• Medical first: Discovery of warning symptoms for usually fatal heart rhythm malfunction
• Vitamin A quells severity of preemie gastrointestinal disease in mice
• Men more likely to go missing on night out in the UK in December than any other time of year
• Long-term effectiveness of family-level intervention for U.S.military children, families affected by wartime deployments
• Evolutionary advantage of genetic recombination in the genome measured for first time
• Cost-effectiveness of Watchman device
• Modeling COPD, asthma in a human small airway-on-a-chip
• Low blood flow in back of brain increases risk of recurrent stroke
• Ending chronic pain with new drug therapy
• For low-risk pregnancies home births do not increase risk of complications, study shows

Research links inorganic mercury exposure to damaged cell processes Posted: 22 Dec 2015 01:36 PM PST Inorganic mercury, which was previously thought to be a less harmful form of the toxic metal, is very damaging to key cell processes, new research demonstrates.

Vitamin D levels linked to weight-loss surgery outcomes Posted: 22 Dec 2015 01:36 PM PST Low levels of vitamin D have long been identified as an unwanted hallmark of weight loss surgery, but new findings from a study of more than 930,000 patient records add to evidence that seasonal sun exposure -- a key factor in the body's natural ability to make the "sunshine vitamin" -- plays a substantial role in how well people do after such operations.

Infectious disease spread is fueled by international trade Posted: 22 Dec 2015 01:34 PM PST International trade and travel has literally opened up new vistas for humans, ranging from travel to exotic places to enjoying the products and services of those distant lands. But along with international trade and travel comes the risk of spreading infectious diseases, a growing problem in today's global economy, says a researcher.

Evolocumab: No hint of added benefit Posted: 22 Dec 2015 01:34 PM PST The manufacturer dossier contained no suitable data for hypercholesterolaemia or for mixed dyslipidaemia, say reviewers, adding that the same applies to the hereditary homozygous form of hypercholesterolaemia.

Effectiveness of pain medications for patients receiving treatment for lung condition Posted: 22 Dec 2015 01:31 PM PST Use of NSAIDs vs opiates resulted in no significant difference in measures of pain but was associated with more rescue medication (additional medicine needed due to uncontrolled pain) among patients with malignant pleural effusions (excess fluid accumulates around the lungs that is a complication of cancer) undergoing pleurodesis (a treatment for this condition that closes up the pleural space), according to a study.

Long-term outcomes of preventing premature menopause during chemotherapy Posted: 22 Dec 2015 01:31 PM PST Compared with receiving chemotherapy alone, women with breast cancer who also received the hormonal drug triptorelin to achieve ovarian suppression had a higher long-term probability of ovarian function recovery, without a statistically significant difference in pregnancy rate or disease-free survival, according to a study.

South Africa's child mortality reduction deemed 'a successful failure' Posted: 22 Dec 2015 01:30 PM PST As the 25-year period for the UN Millennium Development Goals concludes on Dec. 31, 2015, to be replaced by the Sustainable Development Goals, a deeper analysis of factors outside defined goals is necessary to learn why some countries failed, say experts.

Not enough YAP means too much deadly inflammation inside the brain Posted: 22 Dec 2015 08:31 AM PST Inside the brain, a protein called YAP, best known for its ability to help right-size our developing hearts and livers, appears to have the different but equally important task of helping control inflammation, say researchers.

Towards the rational use of medicines Posted: 22 Dec 2015 08:31 AM PST Rational use of medicines remains to be one of the most challenging problems in health systems worldwide. Now researchers have conducted a practical study to assess the impact of introducing evidence-based principles to the practice of medicine procurement in order to manage budget expenditures on medicines of a multidisciplinary health facility for the period of 2011-2014.

Blocking fat transport linked to longevity Posted: 22 Dec 2015 08:31 AM PST Everybody knows that a buildup of the wrong kind of fats can cause cardiovascular disease. A new study in nematode worms and mice also finds that a protein that transports fats around the body can hinder protective processes in cells and affect life span.

Drawing the line on tanning bed use by teens Posted: 21 Dec 2015 04:45 PM PST The FDA recently proposed a ban on tanning bed use by those under 18. Now a behavioral scientist, whose research aims to understand why young people frequently engage in indoor tanning, shares some insight into the topic.

Parent touch, play and support in childhood vital to well-being as an adult Posted: 21 Dec 2015 04:41 PM PST Did you receive affection, play freely and feel supported in childhood? Childhood experiences like these appear to have a lot to do with well-being and moral capacities in adulthood.

Protein-protein interaction activates, fuels leukemia cell growth Posted: 21 Dec 2015 04:39 PM PST Building upon previous research, scientists report that a protein called Wnt5a acts on a pair of tumor-surface proteins, called ROR1 and ROR2, to accelerate the proliferation and spread of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, the most common form of blood cancer in adults.

Call to regulate starvation of 'Paris thin' models Posted: 21 Dec 2015 04:35 PM PST Prohibiting runway models from participating in fashion shows or photo shoots if they are dangerously thin would go a long way toward preventing serious health problems among young women -- including anorexia nervosa and death from starvation -- according to experts.

High drowsy driving crash risk on daytime commute after night work Posted: 21 Dec 2015 04:35 PM PST Those who commute home after working the night shift may be at high risk for drowsy driving crashes because of disruption to their sleep-wake cycles and insufficient sleep during the night

Circadian rhythm of genes in brain changes with aging, research shows Posted: 21 Dec 2015 04:35 PM PST Examination of thousands of genes from nearly 150 human brains shows the circadian rhythm of brain gene activity changes with aging, according to a first-of-its-kind study.

Medical first: Discovery of warning symptoms for usually fatal heart rhythm malfunction Posted: 21 Dec 2015 04:34 PM PST Although medical science has long regarded sudden cardiac arrest as a deadly condition that strikes without warning, a new study shows for the first time that many patients experience warning symptoms up to a month before having a cardiac arrest.

Vitamin A quells severity of preemie gastrointestinal disease in mice Posted: 21 Dec 2015 04:34 PM PST After observing that some gastrointestinal disease in premature human and mouse infants progresses only when certain immune system white blood cells go into inflammatory overdrive, researchers have found that giving large doses of vitamin A to mice converts those blood cells into inflammation suppressors and reduces the severity of the disease, compared to untreated mice.

Men more likely to go missing on night out in the UK in December than any other time of year Posted: 21 Dec 2015 10:42 AM PST Men are more likely to go missing -- with a fatal outcome -- during a night out in the UK in December than at any other time of year, a new study has revealed.

Long-term effectiveness of family-level intervention for U.S.military children, families affected by wartime deployments Posted: 21 Dec 2015 10:42 AM PST Family-level preventive intervention can lead to improved behavioral health outcomes for military families affected by wartime deployment, a new study reports. Results highlight significant reductions in anxiety and depression symptoms among deployed parent, home-based parent and their children after intervention.

Evolutionary advantage of genetic recombination in the genome measured for first time Posted: 21 Dec 2015 10:42 AM PST Researchers have quantified one of the most important and hard-to-measure phenomena in molecular evolution: the effect of genetic recombination on a species' capacity of adaptation.

Cost-effectiveness of Watchman device Posted: 21 Dec 2015 10:38 AM PST Long-term analysis shows cost-effectiveness of WATCHMAN left atrial appendage closure device over warfarin and NOACs in reducing stroke risk in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients.

Modeling COPD, asthma in a human small airway-on-a-chip Posted: 21 Dec 2015 10:37 AM PST A research team has leveraged its organ-on-a-chip technology to develop a model of the human small airway in which lung inflammatory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the third leading cause of mortality worldwide, and asthma can be studied outside the human body.

Low blood flow in back of brain increases risk of recurrent stroke Posted: 21 Dec 2015 10:36 AM PST Patients who have had a stroke in the back of the brain are at greater risk of having another within two years if blood flow to the region is diminished, according to results of a multicenter study.

Ending chronic pain with new drug therapy Posted: 21 Dec 2015 10:36 AM PST A brain region controlling whether we feel happy or sad, as well as addiction, is remodeled by chronic pain, reports a new study. And in a significant breakthrough, scientists have developed a new treatment that restores this region and dramatically lessens pain symptoms in an animal model. The new treatment combines two FDA-approved drugs: a Parkinson's drug, L-dopa, and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. These drugs target affected brain circuits and completely eliminate chronic pain behavior.

For low-risk pregnancies home births do not increase risk of complications, study shows Posted: 21 Dec 2015 10:36 AM PST For women with low-risk pregnancies who plan to give birth at home with the help of a midwife, there is no increased risk of harm to the baby, compared with a planned hospital visit, according to new research in Canadian Medical Association Journal.

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