ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Guided ultrasound plus nanoparticle chemotherapy cures tumors in mice
• Autoimmune epilepsy outcomes depend heavily on antibody type
• No two faces are the same
• Certain herpes viruses can infect human neurons
• Gene pair plays crucial role in colon cancer, vet team shows
• Two genes linked to intellectual disability, circular skin creases on limbs
• Error correction strategies of cells
• EU: Action needed to set legal limits on trans fats in food, report suggests
• Discovery contributes towards future treatment of cervical cancer
• Teaching parents about the importance of breakfast has benefits for both parent and child
• 'Purity' of tumor samples may significantly bias genomic analyses
• Genetically modified mice reveal the secret to a painless life
• People with dementia exposed to low quality of life through lack of activity
• Price of cancer drugs varies by up to 388% between European countries, Australia, and New Zealand
• Newborns in intensive care exposed to thirdhand smoke residue
• Global toll of injuries down by almost a third since 1990
• Depressed head and neck cancer patients three-and-one-half times less likely to survive, have higher recurrence risk
• Increasing and accurately measuring rabies vaccination coverage in Tanzania
• Shared genetics in humans, roundworms shed light on infertility, study finds
• Researchers identify biomarker of early lung cancer that may increase survival
• Neoadjuvant use of pertuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer: Hint of lesser benefit
• Potential biochemical mechanism underlying long-term memories identified
• Discovery of X-linked intellectual disability syndrome is aided by web tools
• Gut microbes trigger fat loss in response to cold temperatures
• 3/4 of high school heroin users started with prescription opioids
• Definition of person-centered care for older adults clarified by experts
• Hyper-tau provides spatially-resolved hydrogen peroxide sensing in cells
• National cardiac arrest study of new breathing tube

Guided ultrasound plus nanoparticle chemotherapy cures tumors in mice Posted: 04 Dec 2015 11:59 AM PST Thermal ablation with magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) is a noninvasive technique for treating fibroids and cancer. New research shows that combining the technique with chemotherapy can allow complete destruction of tumors in mice.

Autoimmune epilepsy outcomes depend heavily on antibody type Posted: 04 Dec 2015 11:59 AM PST Immune dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a cause of drug-resistant epilepsy but how or why the immune system attacks nerve cells -- and the consequences on seizure control -- are not well understood. Two studies explore how different types of autoimmune response elicit markedly different responses in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.

No two faces are the same Posted: 04 Dec 2015 10:55 AM PST Researchers have been studying a likely congenital dysfunction that is characterized by the inability to recognize familiar faces. The study's findings are crucial, not just for our understanding of face recognition, but also because they allow us to understand the processes behind the recognition of any visually presented object.

Certain herpes viruses can infect human neurons Posted: 04 Dec 2015 09:14 AM PST Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus can infect and replicate in cultured and primary neurons, report scientists.

Gene pair plays crucial role in colon cancer, vet team shows Posted: 04 Dec 2015 09:11 AM PST Two related genes in the Musashi family are required for colon cancer to develop, researchers have discovered, adding that they may be useful targets for effective treatment.

Two genes linked to intellectual disability, circular skin creases on limbs Posted: 04 Dec 2015 08:13 AM PST Clinical geneticists have identified two genes that cause the rare congenital syndrome known as circumferential skin creases Kunze type. With less than a dozen cases reported worldwide, the syndrome is extremely rare.

Error correction strategies of cells Posted: 04 Dec 2015 08:13 AM PST Error correction of cells have been reviewed by researchers who have investigatred the importance of crosstalk and its effects, and propose an alternative model that suppresses erroneous initiation.

EU: Action needed to set legal limits on trans fats in food, report suggests Posted: 04 Dec 2015 06:45 AM PST On 3 December, the European Commission adopted a report on trans fats (TFA) in food and in the overall diet of Europeans. It suggests that setting a legal limit for industrial TFA content would be the most effective measure in terms of public health, consumer protection and compatibility with the single market. However, the implementation of such a limit would require further investigation.

Discovery contributes towards future treatment of cervical cancer Posted: 04 Dec 2015 06:43 AM PST Future treatment of cervical cancer has been advanced by a new discovery, reports a team of scientists. Oncoviruses (cancer-causing viruses) are said to account for about 12% of new cancer cases annually. Cervical cancer, which is the cancer of the cervix, accounts for about 8% of all cancer cases worldwide and is the fourth most common cause of cancer and deaths from cancer in women.

Teaching parents about the importance of breakfast has benefits for both parent and child Posted: 04 Dec 2015 06:43 AM PST Both in-person and online education are effective in reducing breakfast-skipping and improving nutrition in children, according to a new study.

'Purity' of tumor samples may significantly bias genomic analyses Posted: 04 Dec 2015 06:00 AM PST The proportion of normal cells, especially immune cells, intermixed with cancerous cells in a given tissue sample may significantly skew the results of genetic analyses and other tests performed both by researchers and by physicians selecting precision therapies, shows a recent study.

Genetically modified mice reveal the secret to a painless life Posted: 04 Dec 2015 06:00 AM PST People born with a rare genetic mutation are unable to feel pain, but previous attempts to recreate this effect with drugs have had surprisingly little success. Using mice modified to carry the same mutation, researchers have now discovered the recipe for painlessness.

People with dementia exposed to low quality of life through lack of activity Posted: 03 Dec 2015 09:02 PM PST People with dementia living in long-term care often show low levels of activity participation, which negatively impacts their quality of life, say researchers.

Price of cancer drugs varies by up to 388% between European countries, Australia, and New Zealand Posted: 03 Dec 2015 09:02 PM PST The price of new cancer drugs varies widely (from 28% to 388%) between high-income countries in Europe, Australia, and New Zealand, new research has found. The UK and Mediterranean countries such as Greece, Spain, and Portugal pay the lowest average unit manufacturer prices for a group of 31 originator cancer drugs (new drugs under patent), whereas Sweden, Switzerland, and Germany pay the highest prices, say authors of a new report.

Newborns in intensive care exposed to thirdhand smoke residue Posted: 03 Dec 2015 09:02 PM PST Despite hospitals operating a smoke free policy, newborns in intensive care may still be exposed to thirdhand smoke residue from their smoker parents, suggests a small study.

Global toll of injuries down by almost a third since 1990 Posted: 03 Dec 2015 09:02 PM PST The global toll taken by injuries on daily life has fallen by almost a third in the past quarter of a century, reveals research, suggesting that the world is becoming a safer place to live in.

Depressed head and neck cancer patients three-and-one-half times less likely to survive, have higher recurrence risk Posted: 03 Dec 2015 05:36 PM PST Depression is a significant predictor of five-year survival and recurrence in head and neck cancer patients, according to a new study. There is also increasing evidence for modest associations between elevated symptoms of depression and increased mortality risk in lung, breast, ovarian and kidney cancer.

Increasing and accurately measuring rabies vaccination coverage in Tanzania Posted: 03 Dec 2015 12:01 PM PST Canine mediated rabies is endemic in Tanzania despite the fact that the disease can be prevented entirely by mass dog vaccination.

Shared genetics in humans, roundworms shed light on infertility, study finds Posted: 03 Dec 2015 11:00 AM PST Humans and worms are connected by a common ancestor that lived more than 700 million years ago and shared a gene that is required for sperm to function properly at fertilization, research confirms. This discovery could lead to more effective infertility treatments and better contraceptives.

Researchers identify biomarker of early lung cancer that may increase survival Posted: 03 Dec 2015 11:00 AM PST Researchers have identified a biomarker that detects the most common lung cancer in its earliest stage. The discovery could one day change how long lung cancer patients live.

Neoadjuvant use of pertuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer: Hint of lesser benefit Posted: 03 Dec 2015 11:00 AM PST In contrast to the use in advanced unresectable breast cancer, no positive effects have been proven for the use of neoadjuvant use of pertuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer, report reviewers. However, more patients discontinue treatment, particularly due to cardiac disorders.

Potential biochemical mechanism underlying long-term memories identified Posted: 03 Dec 2015 10:58 AM PST During the holidays, we often remember the past and create new memories. But, why do some memories fade away while others last forever? Scientists have identified a possible biochemical mechanism by which the specialized brain cells known as neurons create and maintain a long-term memory from a fleeting experience.

Discovery of X-linked intellectual disability syndrome is aided by web tools Posted: 03 Dec 2015 10:58 AM PST It's a genetic detective story with a distinct 21st-century flavor. A geneticist has used powerful internet and social media tools to find doctors and researchers in nine US states and eight other nations to help him confirm, document and describe in precise clinical detail a new X-linked intellectual disability genetic syndrome in young boys that he first came across five years ago.

Gut microbes trigger fat loss in response to cold temperatures Posted: 03 Dec 2015 10:58 AM PST Exposure to cold temperatures is known to mimic the effects of exercise, protecting against obesity and improving metabolic health. A study now reveals that the beneficial health effects of cold exposure are mediated in part by gut microbes. The researchers found that cold exposure dramatically alters the composition of intestinal bacteria in mice and that this microbial shift is sufficient to burn fat, improve glucose metabolism, and reduce body weight.

3/4 of high school heroin users started with prescription opioids Posted: 03 Dec 2015 10:27 AM PST The first nationally representative studies in the US to examine the linkages between nonmedical use of opioids and heroin in high school seniors examined associations between frequency and recency of nonmedical use of opioids and heroin.

Definition of person-centered care for older adults clarified by experts Posted: 03 Dec 2015 10:27 AM PST 'Person-centered care' means that people's values and preferences are obtained and, once expressed, guide all aspects of health care and support realistic health and life goals, according to an interprofessional panel of eldercare experts.

Hyper-tau provides spatially-resolved hydrogen peroxide sensing in cells Posted: 03 Dec 2015 08:28 AM PST By attaching a hydrogen peroxide reporter protein to cellular microtubule structures, researchers have developed the first sensor able to show the location of the key cellular signaling chemical inside living cells with high resolution over time.

National cardiac arrest study of new breathing tube Posted: 03 Dec 2015 05:32 AM PST Investigators want to determine whether a newer, easier-to-use breathing tube will produce better results than existing endotracheal tubes in cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

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