ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Anti-inflammatory drug and gut bacteria have a dynamic interplay
• Could bug-busting viruses control food poisoning?
• Pioneering artificial pancreas to undergo final tests
• How to improve cardiac arrest survival in three easy steps
• Racial bias may be conveyed by doctors' body language
• Recurrent acute, chronic pancreatitis in children has high disease burden, health care costs
• Is your child's achy back more than just growing pains?
• Clarified mechanism of rotation of node cilia-principal for asymmetry of the body
• Researchers reduce stem cell dysfunction, metabolic disease in aged mice
• Using genes to understand brain's building blocks
• Minor flu strains pack bigger punch, scientists find
• Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act linked to more nutritious meals
• Higher monthly doses of vitamin D associated with increased risk of falls
• Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in 25-year-old former football player
• Infertility treatments do not appear to contribute to developmental delays in children
• New paste prevents scarring caused by radiation therapy for cancer
• Quickly identifying tumors by using antibodies
• With Botox 'chemodenervation' dermal fillers last longer
• What are the risks of giving birth inside, outside a hospital setting?
• Taking vitamin D may benefit people with multiple sclerosis
• Virtual colonoscopy an alternative to FOB test, colonoscopy for colorectal cancer?
• Role of STING protein in development of colorectal cancer
• Gene-editing technique successfully stops progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
• New genes born by accident lead to evolutionary innovation
• Areas of increased poverty associated with higher rates of Ebola transmission
• Seeing DROSHA for the first time
• CRISPR treats genetic disorder in adult mammal
• Creating safer polio vaccine strains for the post-eradication era
• Sugars in Western diets increase risk for breast cancer tumors and metastasis
• Three hits to fight lung cancer
• Biggest database for cancer drug discovery goes 3-D

Anti-inflammatory drug and gut bacteria have a dynamic interplay Posted: 04 Jan 2016 10:21 AM PST An NSAID changed the composition and diversity of gut microbes, which in turn shaped how the drug is broken down and ultimately, cut its effectiveness, researchers report at the conclusion of an animal study.

Could bug-busting viruses control food poisoning? Posted: 04 Jan 2016 10:19 AM PST Viruses that can seek and destroy food poisoning bugs in the gut are currently being investigated by researchers. The work could offer the potential for treating and preventing intestinal illnesses in children in developing countries including those caused by Salmonella, Campylobacter and E. coli.

Pioneering artificial pancreas to undergo final tests Posted: 04 Jan 2016 10:08 AM PST A device to automatically monitor and regulate blood-sugar levels in people with type 1 diabetes will undergo final testing in two clinical trials beginning early this year, report scientists.

How to improve cardiac arrest survival in three easy steps Posted: 04 Jan 2016 10:08 AM PST Although survival rates for people who suffer cardiac arrest outside a hospital are extremely low in most places, emergency physicians propose three interventions to improve survival rates and functional outcomes in any community and urge additional federal funding for cardiac resuscitation research.

Racial bias may be conveyed by doctors' body language Posted: 04 Jan 2016 10:08 AM PST Physicians give less compassionate nonverbal cues when treating seriously ill black patients compared with their white counterparts, a small trial revealed. It is the first to look at such interactions in a time-pressured, end-of-life situation.

Recurrent acute, chronic pancreatitis in children has high disease burden, health care costs Posted: 04 Jan 2016 10:06 AM PST The burden of recurrent acute and chronic pancreatitis in children may be higher than previously thought, with high costs related to repeated hospitalizations, report a pair of new studies.

Is your child's achy back more than just growing pains? Posted: 04 Jan 2016 10:06 AM PST It's becoming more common for children and adolescents to seek medical care for back pain. Even with expensive, advanced tests like MRI scans, doctors may not be able to find the exact cause for the pain, say experts.

Clarified mechanism of rotation of node cilia-principal for asymmetry of the body Posted: 04 Jan 2016 10:04 AM PST Researchers have clarified the mechanism of rotation of node cilia, which determines the left-right asymmetry of the body. They have elucidated part of the relationship between the ciliary structure and ciliary motility, which had little experimental knowledge beforehand. This group's achievement may lead to the clarification of causes of heterotaxia, bronchitis, and infertility caused by impaired motility of cilia and flagella.

Researchers reduce stem cell dysfunction, metabolic disease in aged mice Posted: 04 Jan 2016 10:04 AM PST Researchers have taken what they hope will be the first step toward preventing and reversing age-related stem cell dysfunction and metabolic disease which includes diabetes. The researchers discovered methods for reducing these conditions in naturally aged mice.

Using genes to understand brain's building blocks Posted: 04 Jan 2016 09:53 AM PST Understanding the cellular building blocks of the brain, including the number and diversity of cell types, is a fundamental step toward understanding brain function. Researchers have created a detailed taxonomy of cells in the mouse visual cortex based on single-cell gene expression, identifying 49 distinct cell types in the largest collection of individual adult cortical neurons characterized by gene expression published to date.

Minor flu strains pack bigger punch, scientists find Posted: 04 Jan 2016 09:53 AM PST Minor variants of flu strains, which are not typically targeted in vaccines, carry a bigger viral punch than previously realized, a team of scientists has found. Its research, which examined samples from the 2009 flu pandemic in Hong Kong, shows that these minor strains are transmitted along with the major strains and can replicate and elude immunizations.

Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act linked to more nutritious meals Posted: 04 Jan 2016 09:53 AM PST The Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act was associated with more nutritious school lunches chosen by students with no negative effect on school meal participation, according to an article.

Higher monthly doses of vitamin D associated with increased risk of falls Posted: 04 Jan 2016 09:53 AM PST Higher monthly doses of vitamin D were associated with no benefit on low extremity function and with an increased risk of falls in patients 70 or older in a randomized clinical trial, according to a new study.

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in 25-year-old former football player Posted: 04 Jan 2016 09:53 AM PST Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with repetitive head impacts and can be diagnosed only by autopsy after death. Authors write an observation letter about CTE pathology in a 25-year-old former college football player who experienced more than 10 concussions while playing football, the first occurring when he was eight years old.

Infertility treatments do not appear to contribute to developmental delays in children Posted: 04 Jan 2016 09:53 AM PST Children conceived via infertility treatments are no more likely to have a developmental delay than children conceived without such treatments, according to a study. The findings may help to allay longstanding concerns that conception after infertility treatment could affect the embryo at a sensitive stage and result in lifelong disability.

New paste prevents scarring caused by radiation therapy for cancer Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:14 AM PST An antiscarring paste when applied to the skin of mice halts fibrosis caused by the radiation used in cancer therapy, a new study demonstrates. The current study addressed a type of fibrosis called radiation dermatitis, which is a side effect experienced by as many as 95 percent of patients undergoing initial radiation treatment. Radiation applied to the skin causes the buildup of fibrotic tissue and skin thickening, with the effects severe enough in some patients to stop treatment.

Quickly identifying tumors by using antibodies Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:09 AM PST Antibodies combat viruses and bacteria. They also attach themselves to cancer cells – in a typical, characteristic way. Scientists are using this property to detect cancer cells in tissue samples. Such rapid tests can already be applied by surgeons during operations – within a few minutes and without expensive equipment.

With Botox 'chemodenervation' dermal fillers last longer Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:07 AM PST Hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are a popular treatment for facial lines and wrinkles, but early degradation of fillers may limit how long their effects last. Experimental evidence supports a simple technique for prolonging the effects of HA dermal fillers: using them together with botulinum toxin.

What are the risks of giving birth inside, outside a hospital setting? Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:06 AM PST The out-of-hospital birth setting in Oregon was associated with a higher risk of perinatal death, while the in-hospital birth setting was associated with a higher risk for cesarean delivery and other obstetric interventions (e.g., induction or augmentation of labor), according a new American study.

Taking vitamin D may benefit people with multiple sclerosis Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:05 AM PST Taking a high dose of vitamin D3 is safe for people with multiple sclerosis and may help regulate the body's hyperactive immune response, according to a pilot study.

Virtual colonoscopy an alternative to FOB test, colonoscopy for colorectal cancer? Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:05 AM PST Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer in the world, with population screening being recommended for early disease detection, however, the most optimal method to screen for the disease remains unknown.

Role of STING protein in development of colorectal cancer Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:05 AM PST A key finding about the immune system's response to tumor development has been reported by researchers following studies on colorectal cancer. This is the first detailed examination of how the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway may play an important role in alerting the immune system to cellular transformation.

Gene-editing technique successfully stops progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:02 AM PST Using a new gene-editing technique, a team of scientists has stopped progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy in young mice. DMD, the most common and severe form of muscular dystrophy among boys, is characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and weakness. The disease affects one in 3,500 to 5,000 boys, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and other estimates, and often leads to premature death by the early 30s.

New genes born by accident lead to evolutionary innovation Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:02 AM PST Novel genes are continuously emerging during evolution, but what drives this process? A new study has found that the fortuitous appearance of certain combinations of elements in the genome can lead to the generation of new genes.

Areas of increased poverty associated with higher rates of Ebola transmission Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:02 AM PST Since October 2014 the Ebola epidemic in West Africa has been diminishing and efforts have shifted from emergency response to prevention and mitigation of future outbreaks.

Seeing DROSHA for the first time Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:02 AM PST Researchers report that they are at the forefront of discovering and mapping out the complexities of the structures involved in a process of pri-miRNA biogenesis. For the first time, the team has elucidated a three dimensional image of DROSHA, one part of the Microprocessor complex. Understanding DROSHA's structure is another crucial step in the process of understanding microRNA biogenesis.

CRISPR treats genetic disorder in adult mammal Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:02 AM PST The CRISPR technique has been used to treat an adult mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. This marks the first time that CRISPR has successfully treated a genetic disease inside a fully developed living mammal with a strategy that has the potential to be translated to human therapy.

Creating safer polio vaccine strains for the post-eradication era Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:00 AM PST While the goal of polio virus eradication is in sight, there are concerns about post-eradication manufacturing and stockpiling vaccine stores containing live virus that could escape and repopulate the environment. Researchers report the generation of new vaccine strains that appear both effective and unable to cause disease after accidental or intended release.

Sugars in Western diets increase risk for breast cancer tumors and metastasis Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:00 AM PST The high amounts of dietary sugar in the typical western diet may increase the risk of breast cancer and metastasis to the lungs, according to a new study.

Three hits to fight lung cancer Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:00 AM PST Cancers with KRAS-related gene mutations might benefit from a triple therapy with two experimental drugs plus radiation therapy, a new study in mice has shown.

Biggest database for cancer drug discovery goes 3-D Posted: 04 Jan 2016 05:00 AM PST The world's largest database for cancer drug discovery has been revolutionized by adding 3-D structures of faulty proteins and maps of cancer's communication networks, according to a new report.

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