ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Better design improves understanding of online privacy notices
• Thermal cameras snoop beneath surfaces to reveal materials’ secrets
• Feral cats: Computational study looks at how best to fix the nuisance
• Increased carbon dioxide enhances plankton growth
• Genetic ‘paint box’ shuffled between butterfly species to create new wing patterns
• 'Space Warps' and other citizen science projects reap major dividends for astrophysics
• From tamoxifen to dendrogenin A: Discovery of a mammalian tumor suppressor metabolite
• Link found between obesity and blood clots in pediatric patients
• Plasma marker of vascular disease confirmed in type 1 diabetes patients
• Digital distraction in class is on the rise
• Ferroelectricity: Ambiguity clarified, and resolved
• Weather-worn lizards might adapt to new climates
• Autism-linked protein lays groundwork for healthy brain
• Psychology study explains when and why bystanders intervene in cyberbullying
• Brothers-in-arms: How p53 and telomeres work together to stave off cancer
• Simulator-based training in veterinary medicine
• Mentally challenging activities key to a healthy aging mind
• Mountain climbing more dangerous due to climate change
• The RNA alphabet: The key role played by hmC
• Public contributions to science increasingly common
• A small protein plays a big role in heart muscle contraction
• Kidney stones on the rise among youth, especially in females, African-Americans
• How, when and where could affect outcome of psychological treatment

Better design improves understanding of online privacy notices Posted: 16 Jan 2016 06:54 PM PST Privacy policies for websites, smartphone apps and, especially, components of the emerging Internet of Things are usually ineffective or ignored by users, but researchers say properly designed privacy notices — pushed out to users at appropriate times — could help remedy that problem.

Thermal cameras snoop beneath surfaces to reveal materials’ secrets Posted: 16 Jan 2016 06:54 PM PST Scientists are using infrared cameras to create heat maps of working materials that reveal their thermal properties and subsurface structure.

Feral cats: Computational study looks at how best to fix the nuisance Posted: 16 Jan 2016 06:54 PM PST The first computational model to track the size, location and nuisance of feral cat colonies has been developed by researchers. This issue concerns communities across the United States that hold some 70 to 100 million unhoused cats and kittens.

Increased carbon dioxide enhances plankton growth Posted: 16 Jan 2016 06:54 PM PST Coccolithophores--tiny calcifying plants that are part of the foundation of the marine food web--have been increasing in relative abundance in the North Atlantic over the last 45 years, as carbon input into ocean waters has increased. Their relative abundance has increased 10 times, or by an order of magnitude, during this sampling period, report researchers.

Genetic ‘paint box’ shuffled between butterfly species to create new wing patterns Posted: 16 Jan 2016 06:50 PM PST New research on butterfly genomes has revealed that the genetic components that produce different splotches of colour on wings can be mixed up between species by interbreeding to create new patterns, like a "genetic paint box".

'Space Warps' and other citizen science projects reap major dividends for astrophysics Posted: 16 Jan 2016 06:49 PM PST The astrophysics project Space Warps offers a compelling example of why citizen science has become such a popular tool and how valuable it can be. In a roundtable discussion with the Kavli Foundation, citizen science leaders and astrophysicists Chris Lintott, Anupreeta More and Aprajita Verma discuss the tremendous impact these enthusiastic volunteers are having.

From tamoxifen to dendrogenin A: Discovery of a mammalian tumor suppressor metabolite Posted: 16 Jan 2016 06:49 PM PST the rational that researchers them to conceive, design and discover DDA, has been outlined by researchers in a new article. The work also describes its pharmacological properties.

Link found between obesity and blood clots in pediatric patients Posted: 16 Jan 2016 06:49 PM PST An association between obesity and the formation of blood clots in the veins of children and adolescents has been identified by researchers. While obesity is a well-established risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in adults, previous studies in pediatric populations have yielded mixed results.

Plasma marker of vascular disease confirmed in type 1 diabetes patients Posted: 16 Jan 2016 06:47 PM PST Patients with higher levels of pre-kallikrein in their blood were shown to have thicker layers of intima-media in the vasculature of their carotids, report scientists.

Digital distraction in class is on the rise Posted: 15 Jan 2016 11:05 AM PST A survey of 675 students at colleges in 26 states found a growing percentage are using smartphones and other digital devices for non-class purposes. Most students indicate no intention of stopping.

Ferroelectricity: Ambiguity clarified, and resolved Posted: 15 Jan 2016 07:10 AM PST A detailed assessment called into question the previous identification of ferroelectric materials based solely on scanning probe microscopy

Weather-worn lizards might adapt to new climates Posted: 15 Jan 2016 07:09 AM PST Lizards exposed to rain, hail and shine may cope better with extreme weather events predicted as a result of climate change than their fair-weather cousins, suggests new research.

Autism-linked protein lays groundwork for healthy brain Posted: 15 Jan 2016 07:09 AM PST Scientists uncover pathway in highly suspect disease gene also tied to schizophrenia and bipolar disease.

Psychology study explains when and why bystanders intervene in cyberbullying Posted: 15 Jan 2016 07:09 AM PST People on social media are often unsupportive of cyberbullying victims who have shared highly personal feelings, psychologists report. In a new study, the researchers created a fictitious Facebook profile of an 18-year-old named Kate, who received a mean comment -- 'Who cares! This is why nobody likes you' -- that gets six likes.

Brothers-in-arms: How p53 and telomeres work together to stave off cancer Posted: 15 Jan 2016 07:09 AM PST New research shows that p53 is able to suppress accumulated DNA damage at telomeres. This is the first time this particular function of p53 has ever been described and shows yet another benefit of this vital gene.

Simulator-based training in veterinary medicine Posted: 15 Jan 2016 07:09 AM PST Skills training of veterinary students is increasingly based on teaching simulators. This does not only allow a reduction of animal-based interventions but provides students with an opportunity for repeated and stress-free training sessions. Researchers have demonstrated that simulator-based training can be extremely efficient to achieve learning outcomes in veterinary gynaecology.

Mentally challenging activities key to a healthy aging mind Posted: 15 Jan 2016 07:09 AM PST One of the greatest challenges associated with the growing numbers of aged adults is how to maintain a healthy aging mind. Taking up a new mental challenge such as digital photography or quilting may help maintain cognitive vitality, say researchers.

Mountain climbing more dangerous due to climate change Posted: 15 Jan 2016 05:53 AM PST Climate change increases the danger of falling rocks in the Alps and other mountain regions, adding to existing risks for mountain climbers.

The RNA alphabet: The key role played by hmC Posted: 15 Jan 2016 05:52 AM PST Researchers have revealed for the first time the key role played by one of the RNA letters, hmC or hydroxymethylation. Their discovery will help us better understand such diseases as cancer.

Public contributions to science increasingly common Posted: 15 Jan 2016 05:52 AM PST So-called citizen science has become a significant force in several scholarly disciplines. The phenomenon can be found in both the natural and the social sciences, according to the largest systematic analysis to date on the topic.

A small protein plays a big role in heart muscle contraction Posted: 14 Jan 2016 06:24 PM PST Researchers have identified a previously unrecognized small protein in cells of the human heart that plays a key role in heart muscle contraction. The protein is made from an RNA that was previously believed to be a blank or non-coding RNA, suggesting there may be many other small 'non-coding' segments that play important biological roles.

Kidney stones on the rise among youth, especially in females, African-Americans Posted: 14 Jan 2016 06:24 PM PST Kidney stones are increasing, particularly among adolescents, females, and African-Americans in the US, a striking change from the historic pattern in which middle-aged white men were at highest risk for the painful condition. A worrisome aspect of this trend is that there is limited evidence on how to best treat children for kidney stones.

How, when and where could affect outcome of psychological treatment Posted: 14 Jan 2016 06:24 PM PST Meeting patients' preferences for the time and place of their psychological treatment may affect their perception of treatment outcome, a cross-sectional survey involving 14,587 respondents suggests.

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