ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Enigma of coexistence of people with Rh+ and Rh- blood groups solved
• Biologists develop method for antibiotic susceptibility testing
• Oncologists issue guidance for allocating scarce chemotherapy drugs
• Proton beam therapy offers potential to treat childhood brain cancer with fewer severe side effects than conventional radiotherapy
• Proteins most associated with aging revealed in study
• Awareness of aspirin's benefits saves lives
• Cornell researchers create first self-assembled superconductor
• Lasting impressions: Psychologists discover what influences our food choices
• Bile acid supports the production of blood stem cells
• Hearing aids improve memory, speech
• A surprising new role for ApoE offers explanation for its diverse range of effects, particularly in Alzheimer's

Enigma of coexistence of people with Rh+ and Rh- blood groups solved Posted: 31 Jan 2016 06:22 AM PST A new study showed that incidence and morbidity of many diseases and disorders correlate negatively with frequencies of Rh+ heterozygotes (i.e. the carriers of one copy of the gene for Rh positivity and one copy of the gene for Rh negativity) in the population of individual countries. At the same time, the disease burden associated with the same disorders correlated positively with frequency of Rh negative subjects in individual countries. Together with the observed worse health status and higher incidence of many disorders in Rh negative subjects published by the same research team last autumn, this result probably solved 80 years old enigma of coexistence of carriers of two variants of Rhesus gene in the same population.

Biologists develop method for antibiotic susceptibility testing Posted: 30 Jan 2016 03:23 PM PST A team of biologists and biomedical researchers has developed a new method to determine if bacteria are susceptible to antibiotics within a few hours, an advance that could slow the appearance of drug resistance and allow doctors to more rapidly identify the appropriate treatment for patients with life threatening bacterial infections.

Oncologists issue guidance for allocating scarce chemotherapy drugs Posted: 30 Jan 2016 03:21 PM PST Claiming that clinicians lack formal and concrete allocation guidance when faced with a critical drug shortage, experts in pediatric oncology and bioethics have issued a framework to avoid waste and guide difficult prioritization decisions among children in need of scarce life-saving chemotherapy treatment.

Proton beam therapy offers potential to treat childhood brain cancer with fewer severe side effects than conventional radiotherapy Posted: 30 Jan 2016 03:21 PM PST Proton beam therapy -- a more precise form of radiotherapy -- to treat the childhood brain cancer medulloblastoma appears to be as safe as conventional radiotherapy with similar survival rates, according to new research. Importantly, the findings suggest that proton radiotherapy may not be as toxic to the rest of a child's body as conventional radiotherapy.

Proteins most associated with aging revealed in study Posted: 29 Jan 2016 02:13 PM PST When people turn about 80 years of age, approximately half of the body's proteins are damaged by oxidation. Oxidation occurs because of random chemical degradations that are associated with converting food to energy in the presence of oxygen. Certain proteins known to be associated with aging and age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and cancer are also at a high risk for destabilization caused by oxidation.

Awareness of aspirin's benefits saves lives Posted: 29 Jan 2016 02:10 PM PST A new study has found that the University of Minnesota's "Ask About Aspirin" initiative, a statewide public health campaign, is likely a beneficial and cost-effective way to reduce the incidence of a first heart attack or stroke.

Cornell researchers create first self-assembled superconductor Posted: 29 Jan 2016 02:04 PM PST Building on nearly two decades' worth of research, a multidisciplinary team at Cornell has blazed a new trail by creating a self-assembled, three-dimensional gyroidal superconductor.

Lasting impressions: Psychologists discover what influences our food choices Posted: 29 Jan 2016 02:04 PM PST With Americans tipping the scales more than ever, social and personality psychologists are at the forefront of understanding the psychological motivations for healthy food choices and consumption patterns.

Bile acid supports the production of blood stem cells Posted: 29 Jan 2016 06:07 AM PST Bile acid is transferred from the mother to the fetus via the placenta to enable the fetus to produce blood stem cells, new research shows. Bile acids are normally found in adults, to help digest food. However, in studies of pregnant mice, researchers found large amounts of bile acids also inside the fetus.

Hearing aids improve memory, speech Posted: 28 Jan 2016 12:57 PM PST Hearing loss, if left untreated, can lead to serious emotional and social consequences, reduced job performance and diminished quality of life. Untreated hearing loss also can interfere with cognitive abilities because so much effort is put toward understanding speech. Now new research shows that hearing aids improve brain function in persons with hearing loss.

A surprising new role for ApoE offers explanation for its diverse range of effects, particularly in Alzheimer's Posted: 28 Jan 2016 12:57 PM PST Apolipoprotein E enters the nucleus and binds to promoter region of 1700 genes, report scientists. Seventy-five million Americans are ApoE4 carriers, putting them at increased risk for Alzheimer's disease, and another 7 million carry two copies of ApoE4, giving them an even higher, 10 -- 12 fold increased risk of developing Alzheimer's.

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