ScienceDaily: Top News

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• NASA's IBEX observations pin down interstellar magnetic field
• Research on treatments for advanced ovarian cancer
• Breast reconstruction using abdominal tissue: Differences in outcome with four different techniques
• Potential treatment for Huntington's disease, found effective, safe in mice, monkeys
• New promise for patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis
• Physicists solve thermoelectric ‘paradox’ in superconductors
• Why people oppose same-sex marriage
• The couple that sings together stays together, at least with birds
• How plants protect photosynthesis from oxygen
• Insecticide-treated nets may still prevent malaria despite mosquito resistance
• How to make a tiny volcanic island
• Metabolism protein found to also regulate feeding behavior in the brain
• Shark research produces the unexpected
• Being overweight linked to poorer memory
• Consumers care about carbon footprint
• Building living, breathing supercomputers
• Drug discovery paradigm targets Tau protein aggregation linked to the Alzheimer's disease
• New research reveals 25 signs your cat could be in pain
• Homeless people suffer geriatric conditions decades early, study shows
• Researchers develop 3-D printed diagnostic device that can rapidly detect anemia
• Who(what)'s driving and when?
• People stay true to moral colors, studies find
• Transgender children supported in their identities show positive mental health
• Jet engines to become cleaner in future
• Women who feel more at risk of crime also prefer physically dominant partners
• New research adds additional layer of complexity to human protein landscape
• How metal clusters grow
• Seizures and other extreme events in the brain
• Research team sheds light on 'rightie' or 'leftie' behavior in a scale-eating cichlid
• Wristband and an app for a better back
• Scientists make significant anti-aging breakthrough
• Driverless cars could increase reliance on roads
• Engineering music to sound better with cochlear implants
• Annual plastic surgery statistics reflect the changing face of plastic surgery
• Inventions deliver cleaner copper, energy capture
• Machine learning at arraignments can cut repeat domestic violence
• Proofreading molecules tug on RNA to ensure protein production accuracy
• Synchronized leaf aging in the Amazon responsible for seasonal increases in photosynthesis
• Tests show no specific gastrointestinal abnormalities in children with autism
• Water-cleaning chemical made 'on-demand' with new group of catalysts
• Zika virus linked to stillbirth, other symptoms in Brazil
• Race, gender of scientists affect perception of credibility
• Only a small portion of synapses may be active during neurotransmission, study finds
• Chemists expose side effects of antimalarial drug

NASA's IBEX observations pin down interstellar magnetic field Posted: 26 Feb 2016 02:32 PM PST A new study uses IBEX data and simulations of the interstellar boundary -- which lies at the very edge of the giant magnetic bubble surrounding our solar system called the heliosphere - to better describe space in our galactic neighborhood.

Research on treatments for advanced ovarian cancer Posted: 26 Feb 2016 02:32 PM PST New research supports the use of weekly chemotherapy without bevacizumab in treating advanced ovarian cancer.

Breast reconstruction using abdominal tissue: Differences in outcome with four different techniques Posted: 26 Feb 2016 02:31 PM PST In women undergoing breast reconstruction using their own (autologous) tissue, newer 'muscle-sparing' abdominal flaps can reduce complications while improving some aspects of quality of life, reports a new study.

Potential treatment for Huntington's disease, found effective, safe in mice, monkeys Posted: 26 Feb 2016 02:31 PM PST A drug that would be the first to target the cause of Huntington's disease is effective and safe when tested in mice and monkeys, according to data released today. A study to test the drug in humans has begun.

New promise for patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis Posted: 26 Feb 2016 12:04 PM PST Abstract describes efficacy of ocrelizumab in patients with PPMS with and without T1 gadolinium-enhancing lesions at baseline in a Phase III, placebo-controlled trial.

Physicists solve thermoelectric ‘paradox’ in superconductors Posted: 26 Feb 2016 11:48 AM PST A problem that has been taxing scientists for nearly 40 years has been solved by a team of physicists.

Why people oppose same-sex marriage Posted: 26 Feb 2016 11:41 AM PST Why do opponents of same-sex marriage really oppose it? A new psychology study concludes that many people believe gays are more sexually promiscuous than heterosexuals and may fear that sexual promiscuity threatens their own marriages and their way of life.

The couple that sings together stays together, at least with birds Posted: 26 Feb 2016 11:39 AM PST The courtship and mating behaviors of the perky Australian red-backed fairy-wren have evolved into nothing short of a free-for-all. The rampant promiscuity of both sexes is legendary.What's a fairy-wren to do to keep from wasting energy raising another male's chicks? New research provides a surprising answer: sing with your mate.

How plants protect photosynthesis from oxygen Posted: 26 Feb 2016 11:39 AM PST During the daytime, plants convert the Sun's energy into sugars using photosynthesis, a complex, multi-stage biochemical process. New work identifies a protein needed for assembling the photosynthetic apparatus that may help us understand the history of photosynthesis back in the early days of life on Earth, a time when oxygen was not abundant in the atmosphere.

Insecticide-treated nets may still prevent malaria despite mosquito resistance Posted: 26 Feb 2016 11:39 AM PST Insecticide-treated nets may still help prevent malaria despite mosquitoes developing resistance, which may provide a clue to why it has been hard to demonstrate the impact of this resistance on malaria as a public health problem, according to new research.

How to make a tiny volcanic island Posted: 26 Feb 2016 10:38 AM PST On Nov. 20 2013, the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force discovered a small islet near Nishinoshima volcano, Ogasawara Islands, Japan. The exact date of the initial eruption that spawned the islet is unknown, but a thermal anomaly was detected in the area in early November 2013. Researchers are investigating the creation of this islet, which on the day of its discovery was about 150 by 80 meters in size.

Metabolism protein found to also regulate feeding behavior in the brain Posted: 26 Feb 2016 10:38 AM PST Feeling hungry or full leads us to change how much we eat, but the molecular wiring of this process is not well understood. Scientists have identified a new player in this circuit called amylin, which contributes to reducing food consumption in mice.

Shark research produces the unexpected Posted: 26 Feb 2016 10:38 AM PST In a surprise result, scientists have found female blacktip reef sharks and their young stay close to shore over long time periods, with adult males only appearing during the breeding season.

Being overweight linked to poorer memory Posted: 26 Feb 2016 10:38 AM PST Overweight young adults may have poorer episodic memory -- the ability to recall past events -- than their peers, suggests new research, adding to increasing evidence of a link between memory and overeating. Researchers found an association between high body mass index and poorer performance on a test of episodic memory.

Consumers care about carbon footprint Posted: 26 Feb 2016 10:36 AM PST How much do consumers care about the carbon footprint of the products they buy? Would they care more if the goods were labeled with emissions data? Does it matter at which stage in the lifecycle of a product the carbon is emitted? New research offers a way to find out.

Building living, breathing supercomputers Posted: 26 Feb 2016 10:36 AM PST The substance that provides energy to all the cells in our bodies, Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), may also be able to power the next generation of supercomputers. The discovery opens doors to the creation of biological supercomputers that are about the size of a book.

Drug discovery paradigm targets Tau protein aggregation linked to the Alzheimer's disease Posted: 26 Feb 2016 08:52 AM PST New research demonstrates novel drug discovery paradigm to target the aggregation of the Tau protein linked to the onset of Alzheimer's and other related neurodegenerative diseases.

New research reveals 25 signs your cat could be in pain Posted: 26 Feb 2016 05:57 AM PST Cat owners the world over are familiar with their pets' individual personalities, habits and preferences, and are adept at spotting when their feline friends' behaviour differs from the norm. However, understanding what these changes mean can be a much more difficult task.

Homeless people suffer geriatric conditions decades early, study shows Posted: 26 Feb 2016 05:57 AM PST Homeless people in their fifties have more geriatric conditions than those living in homes who are decades older, according to researchers who are following 350 people who are homeless and aged 50 and over, in Oakland.

Researchers develop 3-D printed diagnostic device that can rapidly detect anemia Posted: 26 Feb 2016 05:15 AM PST Researchers are using 3-D printers to develop a low cost, point-of-care device that can quickly detect anemia. Anemia is a condition in which the blood does not have enough healthy red blood cells to transport oxygen to the body's organs. It affects 2 billion people worldwide, including more than half of preschool children and pregnant women in developing countries and at least 30 percent of children and women in industrialized nations.

Who(what)'s driving and when? Posted: 26 Feb 2016 05:15 AM PST Researchers are working to advance the state of knowledge about human factors aspects of autonomous passenger vehicles, including an assessment of the level of drivers' trust in the autonomous car, and how drivers will respond best to verbal prompts alerting them to driving conditions and the state of the vehicle.

People stay true to moral colors, studies find Posted: 26 Feb 2016 05:15 AM PST When judging the character of a friend, co-worker or potential romantic partner, pay attention to little acts of kindness or cruelty because these are likely part of a consistent behavioral pattern, suggests new research.

Transgender children supported in their identities show positive mental health Posted: 26 Feb 2016 05:15 AM PST A new study, believed to be the first to look at the mental health of transgender children who have "socially transitioned," finds that they had rates of depression and anxiety no higher than two control groups of children. The findings challenge long-held assumptions that mental health problems in transgender children are inevitable, or even that being transgender is itself a type of mental disorder.

Jet engines to become cleaner in future Posted: 26 Feb 2016 05:15 AM PST New research is working toward a new way to measure emissions of fine particulate matter from aircraft engines, and scientists are hoping to develop a preliminary standard governing the emission of particulates by aircraft engines.

Women who feel more at risk of crime also prefer physically dominant partners Posted: 26 Feb 2016 05:14 AM PST Women who prefer physically formidable and dominant mates (PPFDM) tend to feel more at risk of crime regardless of the situation or risk factors present, according to new research.

New research adds additional layer of complexity to human protein landscape Posted: 26 Feb 2016 05:13 AM PST New research adds an extra dimension to the known set of human proteins. Genes can shift their expression towards alternative protein versions (proteoforms) that rival their full length counterparts in stability. For that reason, the diversity of human proteins seems to be fundamentally underestimated, and the single gene-single protein theory has once again debunked.

How metal clusters grow Posted: 26 Feb 2016 05:12 AM PST First the nucleus, then the shell: Scientists have studied stepwise formation of metal clusters, smallest fractions of metals in molecular form. The shell gradually forms around the inner atom rather than by later inclusion of the central atom. Knowledge of all development steps may allow for customized optoelectronic and magnetic properties.

Seizures and other extreme events in the brain Posted: 26 Feb 2016 05:12 AM PST How do epileptic seizures develop? A new model may help to answer this question. Physicists have developed a model whose behavior -- although based on strict rules -- can apparently change spontaneously. There are also changes of this type in nature, for example, in the development of migraine attacks or epileptic seizures. The mechanism, described for the first time by the researchers, could help to better understand extreme events such as these.

Research team sheds light on 'rightie' or 'leftie' behavior in a scale-eating cichlid Posted: 26 Feb 2016 05:11 AM PST Behavioral laterality, or left- or right-handedness, has been reported in many animals, including humans, chimpanzees, toads, rats, mice, and invertebrates such as crustaceans and insects. Now researchers have shed light on the development of behavioral laterality (left-/right-handedness) in a scale-eating cichlid from Africa's Lake Tanganyika.

Wristband and an app for a better back Posted: 26 Feb 2016 05:11 AM PST You may think you are doing the right back exercises to help your back pain, but a new app coupled with a wristband will help you—and your doctors—to figure out if this is true.

Scientists make significant anti-aging breakthrough Posted: 26 Feb 2016 05:09 AM PST A breakthrough in understanding human skin cells offers a pathway for new anti-aging treatments.

Driverless cars could increase reliance on roads Posted: 26 Feb 2016 05:09 AM PST Driverless vehicles could intensify car use, reducing or even eliminating promised energy savings and environmental benefits, a new study has warned.

Engineering music to sound better with cochlear implants Posted: 25 Feb 2016 03:16 PM PST Scientists are trying to reengineer and simplify music to be more enjoyable for listeners with cochlear implants.

Annual plastic surgery statistics reflect the changing face of plastic surgery Posted: 25 Feb 2016 03:16 PM PST The annual plastic surgery procedural statistics show that in 2015 there were 15.9 million surgical and minimally invasive cosmetic procedures performed in the United States -- up 2 percent from 2014.

Inventions deliver cleaner copper, energy capture Posted: 25 Feb 2016 12:39 PM PST A toxin-free method for extracting copper from raw ore and other procedures using molten salts represent an opportunity for a sizable impact in both mining and energy storage.

Machine learning at arraignments can cut repeat domestic violence Posted: 25 Feb 2016 12:36 PM PST Researchers have found that using machine learning at arraignments can cut repeat domestic violence.

Proofreading molecules tug on RNA to ensure protein production accuracy Posted: 25 Feb 2016 12:36 PM PST Scientists have discovered how two enzymes play a critical role in ensuring quality control during splicing. In a new study, they found these molecules most likely apply physical tension to RNA to keep wrong sites from being cut. This action not only prevents splicing errors, it also enables the selection of alternative splicing sites.

Synchronized leaf aging in the Amazon responsible for seasonal increases in photosynthesis Posted: 25 Feb 2016 12:36 PM PST High-tech photography in the Amazon reveals that young leaves grow in at the same times as older ones perish, in strong contrast to temperate forests in North America or Europe, resulting in seasonal increases in photosynthesis that must be taken into account to build more accurate climate models.

Tests show no specific gastrointestinal abnormalities in children with autism Posted: 25 Feb 2016 12:36 PM PST Children with autism have no unique pattern of abnormal results on endoscopy or other tests for gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, compared to non-autistic children with GI symptoms.

Water-cleaning chemical made 'on-demand' with new group of catalysts Posted: 25 Feb 2016 12:34 PM PST A quick, cheap and highly efficient method for producing a water-purifying chemical has been developed by researchers. The work opens up the possibility of manufacturing the chemical in some of the poorest, remote and disaster-stricken areas of the world.

Zika virus linked to stillbirth, other symptoms in Brazil Posted: 25 Feb 2016 12:34 PM PST In January, a pregnant Brazilian woman infected with the Zika virus had a stillborn baby who had signs of severe tissue swelling as well as central nervous system defects that caused near-complete loss of brain tissue. It is the first report to indicate a possible association of congenital Zika virus and damage to tissues outside the central nervous system, say researchers.

Race, gender of scientists affect perception of credibility Posted: 25 Feb 2016 11:04 AM PST Ideology is a key factor in determining how people assess the credibility of scientific researchers, according to a new study. Results indicate that people who tend toward an elitist world view are more inclined to judge white male researchers as more credible, while people who ascribe to egalitarian beliefs are the opposite: they're more likely to judge women or people of colour as more credible researchers.

Only a small portion of synapses may be active during neurotransmission, study finds Posted: 25 Feb 2016 11:04 AM PST A new optical technique shows how information is transmitted in the brains of mice. Using this method, they found that only a small portion of synapses -- the connections between cells that control brain activity -- may be active at any given time.

Chemists expose side effects of antimalarial drug Posted: 25 Feb 2016 11:04 AM PST The drug chloroquine has long been used to treat malaria, but it is not without side effects. To better understand how chloroquine toxicity occurs, medical researchers set out to investigate what the drug binds to in human cells.

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