ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Fossil of 'early spider' discovered; 305 million years old
• ‘Concern’ over GPs prescribing ‘unnecessary’ antibiotics for toothache
• Management techniques for masked chafer grubs in turfgrass
• Ewing Sarcoma: New compounds may aid in development of targeted therapies for a rare pediatric cancer
• A cheaper, lighter moth trap may make citizen science projects more affordable
• Tracking 'marine heatwaves' since 1950: How the 'blob' stacks up
• Tracking deer by NASA satellite
• Second quantum revolution a reality with chip-based atomic physics
• One step closer to sustainable hydrogen production
• Link between Zika virus and fetal brain damage confirmed
• Technology to enable unzipping of the graphene plane
• Wireless-powered network gets its fair share
• Bad vibrations: Eliminating mechanical vibrations leads to better performing mechatronic systems
• Autonomous ships for the high seas
• FloSIS: A super-fast network flow capture system for efficient flow retrieval
• Next-generation holographic microscope for 3D live cell imaging
• Energy recycling heats up
• Teens are gambling online at a significantly higher rate than previously reported
• No snow, no hares: Climate change pushes emblematic species north
• New research: Nine laws particularly effective in reducing underage drinking fatalities
• Molecular-scale ALD discovery could have industrial-sized impact
• Study finds wide-reaching impact of nitrogen deposition on plants
• The ocean below: Scientific plan measures ocean’s carbon cycle, predicts its future conditions
• Trigger for Milky Way's youngest supernova identified
• 'Community solar' systems may add savings to local, cooperative energy projects
• Indian dancing frog's secretive tadpoles unearthed from sand beds
• Rapid transformation turns clinging tadpoles into digging adult frogs
• Salmon are less aggressive in tanks with darker backgrounds
• Cancer drug could treat blood vessel deformities
• Exercise keeps muscles, and you, young
• Why is critical interaction with disability missing from academia?
• FOMO: It's your life you're missing out on
• Laser reveals water's secret life in soil
• Titan's tallest peaks: Towering mountain discovered on Saturn's largest moon
• Asthma-free? Maybe Mom experienced a sunny second trimester
• Map of rocky exoplanet reveals a lava world
• Indonesian 'Hobbits' may have died out sooner than thought
• Scientists identify structure of crucial enzyme in cell division
• Spinal cord regeneration might actually be helped by glial scar tissue
• Study describes molecular cause of common cerebrovascular disease
• Eating beans, peas, chickpeas or lentils may help lose weight and keep it off
• Successful dying: Researchers define the elements of a 'good death'
• Why neural stem cells may be vulnerable to Zika infection
• Sea-level rise could nearly double over earlier estimates in next 100 years
• Birth control pills may increase risk of seizures
• Girls benefit from extra lessons, but what about boys?
• For the first time scientists can observe the nano structure of food in 3-D
• Longer maternity leave linked to better infant health
• Race biases teachers' expectations for students
• Transparent wood could one day help brighten homes and buildings
• New details emerge on deep sea, marine-submerged bodies
• Basketball games mimic nature
• Personality influences how one reacts to email errors
• Late-life economic inequality has risen sharply in recent decades, study finds
• Parents' binge eating, restrictive feeding practices may be reactions to kids' emotions
• Medics call for urgent improvements in the quality of endoscopy across Europe
• Rat study reveals long-term effects of adolescent amphetamine abuse on the brain
• Dynamic connections in the brain
• Neuronal feedback could change what we 'see'
• Using glucose monitors to detect other diseases

Fossil of 'early spider' discovered; 305 million years old Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:42 PM PDT Researchers have discovered the fossil of a 305-million-year-old arachnid, which will help scientists to understand more about the early origins of modern-day spiders.

‘Concern’ over GPs prescribing ‘unnecessary’ antibiotics for toothache Posted: 30 Mar 2016 06:10 PM PDT Over half of all patients who visited their GP with a dental problem in the last 10 years were not offered a long-term treatment for their pain and were instead prescribed antibiotics, often unnecessarily, new research has found.

Management techniques for masked chafer grubs in turfgrass Posted: 30 Mar 2016 03:44 PM PDT A new article explains the biology of white grubs, also known as masked chafers, and discusses options for managing them.

Ewing Sarcoma: New compounds may aid in development of targeted therapies for a rare pediatric cancer Posted: 30 Mar 2016 03:44 PM PDT Two recently discovered compounds have shown promise in preclinical studies for treating Ewing sarcoma, a rare cancer that predominantly affects children and adolescents.

A cheaper, lighter moth trap may make citizen science projects more affordable Posted: 30 Mar 2016 03:44 PM PDT A cheaper, lighter moth trap can improve the ability of students and other citizen scientists to traps and collect insects.

Tracking 'marine heatwaves' since 1950: How the 'blob' stacks up Posted: 30 Mar 2016 03:44 PM PDT A tally of Northern Hemisphere marine heatwaves since 1950 shows that prolonged warm periods have recurred regularly in the past, but are being pushed into new territory by climate change.

Tracking deer by NASA satellite Posted: 30 Mar 2016 03:44 PM PDT Mule deer mothers are in sync with their environment, with reproduction patterns that closely match the cycles of plant growth in their habitat. And new research using NASA satellite data shows that tracking vegetation from space can help wildlife managers predict when does will give birth to fawns.

Second quantum revolution a reality with chip-based atomic physics Posted: 30 Mar 2016 03:44 PM PDT Physicists believe chip-based atomic physics holds promise to make the second quantum revolution -- the engineering of quantum matter with arbitrary precision -- a reality. With recent technological advances in fabrication and trapping, hybrid quantum systems are emerging as ideal platforms for a diverse range of studies in quantum control, quantum simulation and computing.

One step closer to sustainable hydrogen production Posted: 30 Mar 2016 03:44 PM PDT By lengthening nanorods, hydrogen production can happen quicker and more sustainably, researchers have discovered. The researchers determined that lengthening nanorods to 50 nanometers, a size 1,000 times smaller than the diameter of a hair, increased the hydrogen production rate of a rare form of titania called brookite, only accessible at the nanoscale.

Link between Zika virus and fetal brain damage confirmed Posted: 30 Mar 2016 03:42 PM PDT Zika virus can be detected in blood samples taken from a pregnant woman while brain damage is developing, as well as isolated in cell culture from the brain tissue of the fetus.

Technology to enable unzipping of the graphene plane Posted: 30 Mar 2016 03:31 PM PDT A research team has developed a technique, which enables unzipping of the graphene plane without uncontrollable damage.

Wireless-powered network gets its fair share Posted: 30 Mar 2016 03:29 PM PDT Calculations reveal how sensors must take turns to harvest power efficiently from a data hub.

Bad vibrations: Eliminating mechanical vibrations leads to better performing mechatronic systems Posted: 30 Mar 2016 03:28 PM PDT For precision engineering systems, such as CD and DVD players, anti lock braking systems and computer hard disk drives, vibration can significantly affect performance. Now, engineers have developed an efficient and reliable method for eliminating a major source of vibration.

Autonomous ships for the high seas Posted: 30 Mar 2016 03:28 PM PDT Unmanned ships have received relatively little media attention compared to aerial drones and self-driving cars. Researchers in Korea have been developing technologies to enable and facilitate the realization of unmanned autonomous ships in the near future.

FloSIS: A super-fast network flow capture system for efficient flow retrieval Posted: 30 Mar 2016 02:46 PM PDT FloSIS is a multi-10Gbps network flow capture system that supports real-time flow indexing for fast flow retrieval and flow-content deduplication for enhanced storage efficiency.

Next-generation holographic microscope for 3D live cell imaging Posted: 30 Mar 2016 02:46 PM PDT Researchers have developed a revolutionary bio-medical imaging tool, the HT-1, to view and analyze cells, which is commercially available.

Energy recycling heats up Posted: 30 Mar 2016 02:46 PM PDT Scientists have developed a novel system that recovers energy normally lost in industrial processes.

Teens are gambling online at a significantly higher rate than previously reported Posted: 30 Mar 2016 02:42 PM PDT Nearly 10 percent of teens in three Canadian provinces said they had gambled online in the past three months, according to a new study. It's the first Canadian-based study to find such high levels of online gambling among youth.Of all adolescents surveyed, 42 percent had gambled money or something of value in offline or online gambling.

No snow, no hares: Climate change pushes emblematic species north Posted: 30 Mar 2016 02:42 PM PDT A forest dweller, the snowshoe hare is named for its big feet, which allow it to skitter over deep snow to escape lynx, coyotes and other predators. It changes color with the seasons, assuming a snow-white fur coat for winter camouflage. A changing climate and reduced snow cover across the north is squeezing the snowshoe hare out of its historic range, according to a new study.

New research: Nine laws particularly effective in reducing underage drinking fatalities Posted: 30 Mar 2016 02:42 PM PDT Nine laws designed to reduce underage drinking have been instrumental in saving more than 1,100 lives each year in the states that have adopted them, and that an additional 210 lives could be saved annually if they were adopted in every state, new research suggests.

Molecular-scale ALD discovery could have industrial-sized impact Posted: 30 Mar 2016 02:42 PM PDT Engineering researchers have developed a new method of making thin films -- materials that are essential in today's computers and electronic devices -- by adapting current atomic layer deposition techniques.

Study finds wide-reaching impact of nitrogen deposition on plants Posted: 30 Mar 2016 02:42 PM PDT Scientists have studied more than 15,000 sites in the United States and found that increased nitrogen deposits from human activities are causing a decrease in the diversity of plant species.

The ocean below: Scientific plan measures ocean’s carbon cycle, predicts its future conditions Posted: 30 Mar 2016 02:42 PM PDT A scientific plan to measure the ocean's carbon cycle has been developed, including a way to predict its future conditions, which have implications for climate change.

Trigger for Milky Way's youngest supernova identified Posted: 30 Mar 2016 12:30 PM PDT Scientists have determined the likely trigger for the most recent supernova in the Milky Way. They applied a new technique that could have implications for understanding other Type Ia supernovas, a class of stellar explosions that scientists use to determine the expansion rate of the Universe.

'Community solar' systems may add savings to local, cooperative energy projects Posted: 30 Mar 2016 12:21 PM PDT Part of the future of solar energy, especially for residential use, may be small'community-based' systems in which neighbors join together in the construction and use of solar systems to optimize the energy produced in their neighborhood -- and share in the benefits. Increases of 5-10 percent in the energy produced are possible, say experts.

Indian dancing frog's secretive tadpoles unearthed from sand beds Posted: 30 Mar 2016 12:20 PM PDT A new tadpole that burrows through sand has been unearthed from the streambeds in the Western Ghats of India, according to a recent study.

Rapid transformation turns clinging tadpoles into digging adult frogs Posted: 30 Mar 2016 12:20 PM PDT The Indian Purple frog skeleton undergoes dramatic transformation as tadpoles clinging to underwater rocks become adults digging their way underground, according to a new study.

Salmon are less aggressive in tanks with darker backgrounds Posted: 30 Mar 2016 12:20 PM PDT Coho salmon may be four times less aggressive in tanks with darker backgrounds than in tanks with light backgrounds, according to a new study .

Cancer drug could treat blood vessel deformities Posted: 30 Mar 2016 12:20 PM PDT A drug currently being trialed in cancer patients could also be used to treat an often incurable condition that can cause painful blood vessel overgrowths inside the skin, finds new research in mice.

Exercise keeps muscles, and you, young Posted: 30 Mar 2016 10:57 AM PDT The "secret" to staying strong as we age has been discovered by a researcher: superb fitness. A new study found that elderly people who were elite athletes in their youth or later in life – and who still compete as masters athletes — have much healthier muscles at the cellular level compared to those of non-athletes.

Why is critical interaction with disability missing from academia? Posted: 30 Mar 2016 10:57 AM PDT A Critical Disability Studies Working Group is working to highlight how ableist assumptions about the body, cognition and perception promote a limited range of understanding what it means to be human.

FOMO: It's your life you're missing out on Posted: 30 Mar 2016 10:56 AM PDT "You missed out." Is there another sentence that could strike such anxiety in the hearts of young people? Known as FOMO in millennial-speak, fear of missing out is quickly taking a toll on Generation Y—and it's probably causing damage to your own life.

Laser reveals water's secret life in soil Posted: 30 Mar 2016 10:56 AM PDT Most of us think nothing of rainfall or where it goes, unless it leads to flooding or landslides. But soil scientists have been studying how water moves across or through water soil for decades. Researchers may be taking the study of "soil hydrology" to some exciting new territory. Territory that may help soil scientists manage water resources better.

Titan's tallest peaks: Towering mountain discovered on Saturn's largest moon Posted: 30 Mar 2016 10:56 AM PDT In a nod to extraterrestrial mountaineers of the future, scientists have identified the highest point on Saturn's largest moon, Titan.

Asthma-free? Maybe Mom experienced a sunny second trimester Posted: 30 Mar 2016 10:54 AM PDT The best way to reduce a child's chances of developing asthma might be making sure Mom had enough vitamin D during the second trimester, a new study shows. The most cost-effective way to get Mom more vitamin D could be as simple as health recommendations that consider the benefits of soaking up a little more sun, a practical and cost-effective way to get a dose of D.

Map of rocky exoplanet reveals a lava world Posted: 30 Mar 2016 10:53 AM PDT The most detailed map of a small, rocky 'super Earth' to date reveals a planet almost completely covered by lava, with a molten 'hot' side and solid 'cool' side.

Indonesian 'Hobbits' may have died out sooner than thought Posted: 30 Mar 2016 10:53 AM PDT An ancient species of pint-sized humans discovered in the tropics of Indonesia may have met their demise earlier than once believed, according to scientists who reinvestigated the original finding. The group challenges reports that these inhabitants of remote Flores island co-existed with modern humans for tens of thousands of years.

Scientists identify structure of crucial enzyme in cell division Posted: 30 Mar 2016 10:53 AM PDT Researchers have determined the atomic structure of an enzyme that plays an essential role in cell division, the fundamental process that occurs countless times daily in many life forms on Earth.

Spinal cord regeneration might actually be helped by glial scar tissue Posted: 30 Mar 2016 10:53 AM PDT Few neuroscientists question the idea that scar tissue formed by glial cells after brain or spinal cord injury impedes regrowth of damaged nerve cells. But now, working in mouse models, a team of scientists has found that glial scar tissue formed after spinal cord damage may actually favor nerve cell regeneration. This study may ultimately guide development of new approaches to repair catastrophic spinal cord injury.

Study describes molecular cause of common cerebrovascular disease Posted: 30 Mar 2016 10:52 AM PDT Cerebral cavernous malformations are clusters of dilated, thin-walled blood vessels in the brain that can cause stroke and seizures, yet exactly how they form is somewhat of a mystery. Now, a research team has discovered the molecular mechanism that underlies this common cerebrovascular disease.

Eating beans, peas, chickpeas or lentils may help lose weight and keep it off Posted: 30 Mar 2016 10:52 AM PDT Eating one serving a day of beans, peas, chickpeas or lentils could contribute to modest weight loss, a new study suggests. Eating about 3/4 cup (130 grams) each day of these foods known as pulses led to a weight loss of 0.34 kilograms (just over half a pound), in a systematic review and meta-analysis of all available clinical trials on the effects of eating pulses.

Successful dying: Researchers define the elements of a 'good death' Posted: 30 Mar 2016 10:52 AM PDT For most people, the culmination of a good life is a 'good death,' though what that means exactly is a matter of considerable consternation. Researchers now report qualitative and quantitative studies defining a 'good death,' ultimately identifying 11 core themes associated with dying well.

Why neural stem cells may be vulnerable to Zika infection Posted: 30 Mar 2016 10:52 AM PDT Zika's hypothesized attraction to human neural stem cells may come from its ability to hijack a protein found on the surface of these cells, using it as an entryway to infection. Researchers show that the AXL surface receptor, normally involved in cell division, is highly abundant on the surface of neural stem cells, but not on neurons in the developing brain.

Sea-level rise could nearly double over earlier estimates in next 100 years Posted: 30 Mar 2016 10:08 AM PDT A new study from climate scientists suggests that the most recent estimates by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for future sea-level rise over the next 100 years could be too low by almost a factor of two.

Birth control pills may increase risk of seizures Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:45 AM PDT Could certain types of hormonal contraceptives cause an increase in seizures in women with epilepsy? A recent study suggests that ethinyl estradiol, the primary component of oral contraceptives, could be detrimental to the epileptic brain.

Girls benefit from extra lessons, but what about boys? Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:41 AM PDT Plans to extend the school day to increase achievement might not have the desired effect on all children, suggests the results of a study. The new article provides some evidence as to how differing approaches to risk, motivation, commitment and discipline between girls and boys can lead to different outcomes when both are given the same extra tuition.

For the first time scientists can observe the nano structure of food in 3-D Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:35 AM PDT Scientists have, for the first time, created a 3-D image of food on the nanometer scale. The method the scientists used is called Ptychographic X-ray computed tomography. It has promising prospects as a more detailed knowledge of the structure of complex food systems could potentially save the food industry large sums of money and reduce food waste that occurs because of faulty production.

Longer maternity leave linked to better infant health Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:35 AM PDT For each additional month of paid maternity leave offered in low- and middle-income countries, infant mortality is reduced by 13 percent, according to a new study.

Race biases teachers' expectations for students Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:35 AM PDT When evaluating the same black student, white teachers expect significantly less academic success than black teachers, a new study concludes. This is especially true for black boys.

Transparent wood could one day help brighten homes and buildings Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:34 AM PDT When it comes to indoor lighting, nothing beats the sun's rays streaming in through windows. Soon, that natural light could be shining through walls, too. Scientists have developed transparent wood that could be used in building materials and could help home and building owners save money on their artificial lighting costs. Their material also could find application in solar cell windows.

New details emerge on deep sea, marine-submerged bodies Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:34 AM PDT Findings of a new study could benefit investigators when bodies are recovered in deep water. It's the first to document carcass (pig) taphonomy (the study of what happens to organisms after death) in the open, well-oxygenated waters of the Strait of Georgia. A criminologist says the research demonstrates 'a dramatically different scavenging progression' than that seen earlier in nearby waters.

Basketball games mimic nature Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:34 AM PDT Behind the apparent randomness of a basketball game, a process of self-organization is actually taking place amid the teams. The interactions between team mates and opponents are constantly influencing each other while the game itself allows for creative behaviors to emerge. This phenomenon, detected by researchers after analyzing over 6,000 NBA games, resembles the way in which living things must continually evolve in order to survive in nature.

Personality influences how one reacts to email errors Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:29 AM PDT When reading emails, do you become the 'grammar police?' You no who you aer: the person who thinks its her job too catch every typo or gramatical errur?

Late-life economic inequality has risen sharply in recent decades, study finds Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:29 AM PDT Economic conditions have caused older Americans to see significant increases in financial inequality over the past three decades, according to the results of a new study.

Parents' binge eating, restrictive feeding practices may be reactions to kids' emotions Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:29 AM PDT A new study of more than 440 parents and their preschoolers offers insight into why some parents who binge eat also may try to restrict their children's food intake, placing their children at higher risk for unhealthy eating habits and weight problems.

Medics call for urgent improvements in the quality of endoscopy across Europe Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:29 AM PDT Every year, tens of millions of individuals across Europe undergo endoscopic procedures to assist with the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal diseases. However, significant variation in current endoscopy provision across Europe has been reported, with back-to-back colonoscopy studies demonstrating that a concerning 22 percent of all adenomas are missed and that a three-to-six fold variation in adenoma detection is present between endoscopists.

Rat study reveals long-term effects of adolescent amphetamine abuse on the brain Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:29 AM PDT A study of rats given regular, high doses of amphetamine finds that those exposed to the drug at an age corresponding to human adolescence experience long-term changes in brain function that persist into adulthood. The study found that amphetamine leads to changes in dopamine signaling. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays a role in memory, attention, learning and feelings of pleasure.

Dynamic connections in the brain Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:29 AM PDT Functional connections in the brain change over time in ways that are only now beginning to be appreciated. In the field of neuroscience, there is a new approach to studying the brain known as human connectomics. This dynamic model of studying the brain and its moment-to-moment variations is what researchers now present in a new article.

Neuronal feedback could change what we 'see' Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:29 AM PDT A study quantifies feedback between neurons in different parts of the visual system, which could give new insight into the visual system's neuronal circuitry and possibly explain why we see optical illusions.

Using glucose monitors to detect other diseases Posted: 30 Mar 2016 09:26 AM PDT Diagnosing disease can be highly technical, costly and time-consuming, which are all challenges that become particularly problematic in low-income and remote locations. Now scientists are reporting a new way to repurpose portable glucose monitors to harness these simple devices' practicality and low cost for the detection of other diseases.

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