ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Jet lag? Newly synthesized molecules turn back biological clock
• Additional hormone measurement reveals pregnant women at high risk of preeclampsia
• Connections between gut microbiota and the brain
• Underestimated burden: Epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s impair sexuality
• Portuguese study did not find an increased stroke risk for football fans
• Gaps in pregnancy testing before surgery in women of reproductive age
• Music for the eyes: Music helps before surgery
• Genomic study tracks African-American dispersal in the Great Migration
• Social media use may help identify students at risk of alcohol problems
• Automating DNA origami opens door to many new uses
• Skin cancer: Team synthesizes new drugs with surprising powers
• In wake of Flint crisis, new proposal seeks to 'focus on the fix' for lead poisoning
• Telling irregularities: New procedure uses heart rate to estimate the life expectancy of infarct patients
• Tasty fat: X-rays finding the blueprint of why fat is yummy
• Expert urges voluntary family planning to mitigate climate change
• Teenagers and young adults still fare worse than children for many common cancers, according to Europe-wide study
• Can we extend healthspan by altering the perception of food?
• Researchers determine 3-D atomic structure of cholesterol transporter
• New meta-analysis shows ketamine effective against persistent post-surgical pain and could provide major cost-savings globally
• Gut bacteria may contribute to poor health in patients with kidney disease
• Who should pay for gene therapy?
• Critical inheritance from dad ensures healthy embryos
• Metagenomics pathogen detection tool could change how infectious diseases are diagnosed
• Researchers shine light on common heart complication after lung transplantation

Jet lag? Newly synthesized molecules turn back biological clock Posted: 29 May 2016 02:58 PM PDT Scientists have designed new molecules that modify the circadian rhythm, opening the way to the possibility of managing jet lag and improving treatments for sleep disorders.

Additional hormone measurement reveals pregnant women at high risk of preeclampsia Posted: 29 May 2016 02:44 PM PDT An additional blood test for pregnant women accurately predicts which women with high thyroid function are at risk of developing preeclampsia, according to a new study. The findings may help identify high-risk pregnant women and potentially avoid unnecessary treatment that carries the risk of foetal abnormalities.

Connections between gut microbiota and the brain Posted: 29 May 2016 02:44 PM PDT Intestinal bacteria that can boost bravery or trigger multiple sclerosis: An increasing body of research results confirms the importance of the "gut-brain axis" for neurology and indicates that the triggers for a number of neurological diseases may be located in the digestive tract.

Underestimated burden: Epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s impair sexuality Posted: 29 May 2016 02:44 PM PDT Neurological disorders can impair sexuality on a much more massive scale than frequently assumed, leaving loss of desire, erection problems and infertility in their wake. Both men and women are affected. A person's self-esteem, love life and relationship with a significant other can all suffer.

Portuguese study did not find an increased stroke risk for football fans Posted: 29 May 2016 02:44 PM PDT Being excited for your team, rooting them on and suffering vicariously with them are the grand emotions that wash over spectators of football matches. If this increases the risk of stroke remains to be elucidated, as the number of strokes that occur on days with major matches is not significantly higher than on days when no football is played.

Gaps in pregnancy testing before surgery in women of reproductive age Posted: 27 May 2016 04:04 PM PDT New research addresses the importance of discussing potential pregnancy and providing pregnancy testing for women of reproductive age before they undergo surgery, so that harm to mother and baby can be avoided.

Music for the eyes: Music helps before surgery Posted: 27 May 2016 04:03 PM PDT Having relaxing music played just before eye surgery leads to patients feeling less anxiety and requiring less sedation, concludes a new study.

Genomic study tracks African-American dispersal in the Great Migration Posted: 27 May 2016 04:03 PM PDT An assessment of genomic diversity in the United States of America clarifies the role of pre-Civil War admixture and early 20th century transit routes in shaping the migration history and genomic diversity among African-American communities.

Social media use may help identify students at risk of alcohol problems Posted: 27 May 2016 10:33 AM PDT Having an 'alcohol identity' puts college students at greater risk of having drinking problems, say researchers, adding that posting about alcohol use on social media sites is actually a stronger predictor of alcohol problems than having a drink.

Automating DNA origami opens door to many new uses Posted: 27 May 2016 10:33 AM PDT An algorithm for building DNA nanoparticles automatically has now been developed by researchers, paving the way to many more applications for 'DNA origami.'

Skin cancer: Team synthesizes new drugs with surprising powers Posted: 27 May 2016 10:33 AM PDT Finding new, more effective and personalized treatments for cancer is the challenge of many researchers. The challenge has been successfully met by a team that has just synthesized and developed new drugs for melanoma.

In wake of Flint crisis, new proposal seeks to 'focus on the fix' for lead poisoning Posted: 27 May 2016 10:33 AM PDT The crisis of lead-contaminated drinking water in Flint, Michigan continues to make headlines, but it's just the most prominent example of an 'ongoing and needless tragedy of childhood lead poisoning,' according to a noted authority on childhood lead poisoning prevention.

Telling irregularities: New procedure uses heart rate to estimate the life expectancy of infarct patients Posted: 27 May 2016 09:29 AM PDT The heart rate may be an indicator of a person's life expectancy. A research team has to this end analyzed an effect which at first seems paradoxical: Minor irregularities in the heartbeat are indicative of a healthy body. A clinical study confirmed a strong correlation between this phenomenon and the survival prospects of heart attack patients. The new methods of measurement may soon be applied in medical practice.

Tasty fat: X-rays finding the blueprint of why fat is yummy Posted: 27 May 2016 08:30 AM PDT Over three years, a research team has collected increasingly complex samples of edible fat for research. They are using new data to characterize the nanoscale structure of different kinds of edible fats and applying the data to a model that predicts the effect of processes like heating and mixing on fat structure. If food manufacturers understand the unique structures of different fat compositions, they can better mimic the desirable tastes and textures of unhealthy fats with healthier alternatives, potentially impacting diseases closely tied to diet, according to a new article.

Expert urges voluntary family planning to mitigate climate change Posted: 27 May 2016 08:26 AM PDT A professor calls for action to tackle the effect of a rapidly growing world population on greenhouse gas production.

Teenagers and young adults still fare worse than children for many common cancers, according to Europe-wide study Posted: 26 May 2016 04:02 PM PDT More young people of all ages are surviving cancer than ever before, but new research shows that adolescents and young adults have a lower chance of surviving eight relatively common types of cancer than children, according to the latest data from a long-running study of cancer survival across Europe.

Can we extend healthspan by altering the perception of food? Posted: 26 May 2016 03:54 PM PDT Researchers have shown a new effect on aging via a small drug-like molecule that alters the perception of food in C. elegans. Scientists 'tricked' the worm's metabolism into a state of caloric restriction, extending the animal's lifespan by 50 percent. The study provides a new avenue of inquiry for researchers who are attempting to develop human drugs that mimic the positive effects of a Spartan diet.

Researchers determine 3-D atomic structure of cholesterol transporter Posted: 26 May 2016 03:54 PM PDT Using X-ray crystallography, researchers have determined the 3-D atomic structure of a human sterol transporter that helps maintain cholesterol balance.

New meta-analysis shows ketamine effective against persistent post-surgical pain and could provide major cost-savings globally Posted: 26 May 2016 03:54 PM PDT A new meta-analysis showing the effectiveness of ketamine for dealing with persistent post-surgical pain. Ketamine, a cheap and safe drug, may have the potential to save health systems billions of dollars globally by being used in place of other drugs to prevent PPSP.

Gut bacteria may contribute to poor health in patients with kidney disease Posted: 26 May 2016 03:54 PM PDT In patients with chronic kidney disease, the accumulation of a gut bacterial metabolite that's normally excreted in urine may contribute to serious health problems.

Who should pay for gene therapy? Posted: 26 May 2016 12:19 PM PDT As gene therapy trials show promise to cure or ameliorate several diseases, it is time to explore ways to pay for the treatments, according to a new commentary. Noting the potential of gene therapy to be a one-time treatment for rare and serious diseases that otherwise cost hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of dollars in chronic care over a lifetime, the authors suggest several models for valuing, pricing and developing gene therapy.

Critical inheritance from dad ensures healthy embryos Posted: 26 May 2016 12:17 PM PDT An important feature for life is what embryos receive from mom and dad upon fertilization. Centrioles, the structures responsible for cell division and flagella movement, are given by the paternal gamete. How the maternal gametes lose centrioles and its importance for female fertility has been an enigma. In a new study, a research team has shed light upon this critical mechanism whose deregulation leads to infertility.

Metagenomics pathogen detection tool could change how infectious diseases are diagnosed Posted: 26 May 2016 11:17 AM PDT Scientists have developed ultra-fast, meta-genomics analysis software called Taxonomer that dramatically improves the accuracy and speed of pathogen detection. In a new paper, the collaborators demonstrated the ability of Taxonomer to analyze the sequences of all nucleic acids in a clinical specimen (DNA and RNA) and to detect pathogens, as well as profile the patient's gene expression, in a matter of minutes.

Researchers shine light on common heart complication after lung transplantation Posted: 26 May 2016 09:49 AM PDT Cardiac arrhythmia is a common complication following lung transplantation, and one that has a significant negative impact on long-term patient survival. In a new study, researchers examined the medical records of 652 patients who underwent a single or double lung transplant between 2008 and 2013. They found that about 30 percent of patients developed arrhythmia, most often during the first week following surgery. Risk factors for a postoperative arrhythmia included being older and having had a previous heart surgery.

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