ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Lenalidomide maintenance therapy improves overall survival for patients with multiple myeloma
• Twice a day radiotherapy halves treatment time and is equally good at treating small cell lung cancer
• Significant cost differences between breast cancer chemotherapy regimens
• Hispanic and black young adult cancer patients more likely to die of their disease
• Type 2 diabetes drug could be beneficial for head and neck cancer patients
• Up to one-quarter of lung cancer patients ineligible for immunotherapy
• Rucaparib shows clinical benefit in pancreatic cancer patients with BRCA mutation
• Wnt stem cell signaling pathway implicated in colorectal cancer in patients under 50
• Study reveals insights into protein linked to cancer, Alzheimer's disease
• Bacterial research may lead to less polluted waters
• Clinicians implant world's smallest pacemaker
• Saving lives, protecting donors: Transplantation presents update on living-donor organ transplantation
• New alloy promises to boost rare earth production while improving energy efficiency of engines
• Better animal model to improve HIV vaccine development
• Urban planning is a wicked game, but public deliberation helps
• Improved progression-free survival for lutathera over octreotide
• Graphene-based transparent electrodes for highly efficient flexible OLEDS
• Counseling patients at risk for cancer over the phone reduces costs and access burdens
• Bacteria found in female upper reproductive tract, once thought sterile
• Our level of wisdom varies depending on the situation, study finds
• Giving chemotherapy after radiotherapy improves survival for patients with rare brain tumor
• Personalized cell therapies studies define optimal doses
• Diabetes drug metformin holds promise for cancer treatment and prevention
• Finding connections to nature in cities is key to healthy urban living
• Technique could help climate models sweat the small stuff
• Chemotherapy and exercise: The right dose of workout helps side effects
• Scientists offer first look at how our cells can 'swallow up and quarantine' Zika
• Zika virus directly infects brain cells and evades immune system detection, study shows
• Crowds of crows spread C. jejuni: Are humans vulnerable?
• Research team makes breakthrough toward fish-free aquaculture feed
• Finally, targeted therapies for triple-negative breast cancer
• Study reveals how interaction between neural networks changes during working memory
• Obesity continues to increase in Sweden, even in the last few years
• Overweight very young children consume larger meals
• Study of first procedure-free gastric balloon shows they are safe and lead to similar weight loss as other balloon procedures
• Radiation therapy with pembrolizumab, bevacizumab safe for glioma patients
• Why immune-boosting therapy doesn't work for everyone with widespread melanoma

Lenalidomide maintenance therapy improves overall survival for patients with multiple myeloma Posted: 04 Jun 2016 06:58 PM PDT Lenalidomide maintenance following stem cell transplant now a standard of care for people with multiple myeloma

Twice a day radiotherapy halves treatment time and is equally good at treating small cell lung cancer Posted: 04 Jun 2016 06:44 PM PDT Having radiotherapy once a day for six and a half weeks or twice a day for three weeks -- when combined with chemotherapy -- is equally good at treating small cell lung cancer that hasn't spread.

Significant cost differences between breast cancer chemotherapy regimens Posted: 04 Jun 2016 06:44 PM PDT Costs associated with different breast cancer chemotherapy regimens can vary significantly, regardless of effectiveness, according to new research.

Hispanic and black young adult cancer patients more likely to die of their disease Posted: 04 Jun 2016 06:43 PM PDT Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black cancer patients between ages 15 and 29 may be more likely than same-aged white patients to die of their disease, according to a new study. The finding is partially but not wholly explained by socioeconomic status, meaning that in addition to the health risks associated with low socioeconomic status or stage of presentation, there are additional health risks associated specifically with these racial/ethnic identities.

Type 2 diabetes drug could be beneficial for head and neck cancer patients Posted: 04 Jun 2016 10:19 AM PDT Researchers have found that adding increasing doses of an approved Type 2 diabetes drug, metformin, to a chemotherapy and radiation treatment regimen in head and neck cancer patients is not well tolerated if escalated too quickly, but allowing slower escalation could be beneficial.

Up to one-quarter of lung cancer patients ineligible for immunotherapy Posted: 04 Jun 2016 10:19 AM PDT A significant proportion of lung cancer patients also have autoimmune disease, which may make them unsuitable for increasingly popular immunotherapy treatments, a team of researchers has found.

Rucaparib shows clinical benefit in pancreatic cancer patients with BRCA mutation Posted: 04 Jun 2016 10:19 AM PDT The targeted therapy rucaparib, which has demonstrated robust clinical activity in ovarian cancer patients with a BRCA mutation, also showed promise in previously treated pancreatic cancer patients with the mutation.

Wnt stem cell signaling pathway implicated in colorectal cancer in patients under 50 Posted: 04 Jun 2016 10:19 AM PDT A study of 4,699 tumor samples finds Wnt pathway genes CTNNB1 and FAM123B specifically upregulated in colorectal cancer of patients under age 50.

Study reveals insights into protein linked to cancer, Alzheimer's disease Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:31 AM PDT Cancer and Alzheimer's disease drugs target specific proteins, blocking or inhibiting their natural interactions, which may be in overdrive. The traditional drug design process typically assumes the protein shapes are static. But tradition turns out to be too limiting, according to new research.

Bacterial research may lead to less polluted waters Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:31 AM PDT Phosphorus is a crucial nutrient regularly applied to crops such as corn and soybeans to help them grow efficiently. However, excess phosphorus can be carried by rainwater runoff into lakes and streams, creating potential problems for aquatic environments and the ecosystem services they provide to humans.

Clinicians implant world's smallest pacemaker Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:31 AM PDT The Micra® Transcatheter Pacing System (TPS) -- the world's smallest pacemaker -- has now been gained U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval.

Saving lives, protecting donors: Transplantation presents update on living-donor organ transplantation Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:27 AM PDT As living donors become an increasingly important source of organs for kidney and liver transplantation, the world transplant community strives to ensure that these life-saving procedures maximize the benefits to recipients while minimizing the risks to donors. A thorough update on living-donor transplantation is featured in a new publication.

New alloy promises to boost rare earth production while improving energy efficiency of engines Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:26 AM PDT Researchers have developed aluminum alloys that are both easier to work with and more heat tolerant than existing products. What may be more important, however, is that the alloys -- which contain cerium -- have the potential to jump-start the United States' production of rare earth elements.

Better animal model to improve HIV vaccine development Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:24 AM PDT Vaccines are usually medicine's best defense against the world's deadliest microbes. However, HIV is so mutable that it has so far effectively evaded both the human immune system and scientists' attempts to make an effective vaccine to protect against it. Now, researchers have figured out how to make a much-improved research tool that they hope will open the door to new and better HIV vaccine designs.

Urban planning is a wicked game, but public deliberation helps Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:21 AM PDT Urban planning and regional development in general are a wicked game, research shows. The normal storyline of urban planning involves a limited number of experts. A good way to get more views about the wicked issues is to involve citizens. The literature sees collaboration as a successful way to understand the difficulties.

Improved progression-free survival for lutathera over octreotide Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:21 AM PDT Researchers will present results of the phase 3 NETTER-1 study, showing clinically meaningful and significant results for Lutathera (77Lu-DOTA0-Tyr3-Octreotate) in patients with metastatic midgut neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).

Graphene-based transparent electrodes for highly efficient flexible OLEDS Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:21 AM PDT A research team has developed highly flexible OLEDs with excellent efficiency by using graphene as a transparent electrode (TE) which is placed in between titanium dioxide (TiO2) and conducting polymer layers.

Counseling patients at risk for cancer over the phone reduces costs and access burdens Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:21 AM PDT Delivering genetic test results to patients at risk for cancer-causing genetic mutations over the phone helps to ease cost and transportation burdens and, compared to receiving results in person, does not cause patients additional stress, according to a new study.

Bacteria found in female upper reproductive tract, once thought sterile Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:21 AM PDT They're inside our gut, on the skin, and in the mouth. Thousands of different types of micro-organisms live in and on the body, playing helpful roles in digestion or in aiding the body's natural defense system. Now, scientists have found tiny organisms living in the upper female reproductive tract, an environment they said was once thought to be sterile. In a preliminary finding researchers revealed they have found bacteria in the ovaries and in the fallopian tubes.

Our level of wisdom varies depending on the situation, study finds Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:21 AM PDT While we may think some people are consistently wise, we actually demonstrate different levels of wisdom from one situation to the next, and factors such as whether we are alone or with friends can affect it, according to new research.

Giving chemotherapy after radiotherapy improves survival for patients with rare brain tumor Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:10 AM PDT Giving chemotherapy after radiotherapy delays further growth of a rare type of brain tumor, increasing the number of patients alive at five years from 44 per cent to 56 per cent.

Personalized cell therapies studies define optimal doses Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:10 AM PDT More precise dosing methods and cellular engineering techniques show promise in the effort to improve treatment of aggressive cancers with personalized cellular therapies, according to new studies.

Diabetes drug metformin holds promise for cancer treatment and prevention Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:10 AM PDT Use of Metformin -- commonly used as the front-line treatment for type 2 diabetes -- improves survival for some breast cancer patients, and shows promise as a treatment for patients diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia, according to the results of two new studies.

Finding connections to nature in cities is key to healthy urban living Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:10 AM PDT The authors of a new article discuss the growing tension between an arguably necessary role urban areas play in society and the numbing, even debilitating, aspects of cities that disconnect humans from the natural world.

Technique could help climate models sweat the small stuff Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:10 AM PDT New research reveals a way to include small-scale dynamics into computer simulations of large-scale phenomena, which could make for better climate models and astrophysical simulations.

Chemotherapy and exercise: The right dose of workout helps side effects Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:10 AM PDT Researchers discovered something simple and inexpensive to reduce neuropathy in hands and feet due to chemotherapy -- exercise.

Scientists offer first look at how our cells can 'swallow up and quarantine' Zika Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:10 AM PDT Eight weeks after receiving their first samples of Zika virus, scientists have shown that a very small protein we all have in our bodies, interferon-induced protein 3 (IFITM3), can dramatically reduce the ability of Zika virus to infect human and mouse cells.

Zika virus directly infects brain cells and evades immune system detection, study shows Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:09 AM PDT The mosquito-borne Zika virus linked to microcephaly and other neurological problems in newborns of affected mothers directly infects the brain progenitor cells destined to become neurons, researchers report in a new study.

Crowds of crows spread C. jejuni: Are humans vulnerable? Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:09 AM PDT Large, highly concentrated populations of crows can easily spread disease -- not only among their own species, but quite possibly to humans, either via livestock, or directly. During winter, approximately half of the 6,000 American crows that congregated at the study site carried Campylobacter jejuni, which is the leading cause of gastroenteritis in humans in industrialized countries.

Research team makes breakthrough toward fish-free aquaculture feed Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:06 AM PDT Scientists have discovered that marine microalgae can completely replace the wild fish oil currently used to feed tilapia, the second most farmed fish in the world and the most widely farmed in the United States.

Finally, targeted therapies for triple-negative breast cancer Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:06 AM PDT Researchers present results of three clinical trials using new targeted therapies against triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Each therapy uses a distinct strategy influenced by the immune system and all three have real potential to extend the lives of women whose cancers have progressed after previous treatments.

Study reveals how interaction between neural networks changes during working memory Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:06 AM PDT Dopamine signaling within the cerebral cortex can predict changes in the extent of communication between key brain networks during working memory, report scientists.

Obesity continues to increase in Sweden, even in the last few years Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:06 AM PDT Sweden has always been associated with good health indicators. However new research presented at the summit shows that obesity has continued to increase across mid-Sweden since the start of the new millennium.

Overweight very young children consume larger meals Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:06 AM PDT Data from a large UK survey on the eating habits of very young children (aged 4-18 months) show that overweight children consume larger meals, but do not eat more frequently, than healthy weight children.

Study of first procedure-free gastric balloon shows they are safe and lead to similar weight loss as other balloon procedures Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:06 AM PDT New research on the first procedure-free gastric balloon shows it is safe and results in similar weight loss to other balloon procedures that use endoscopy.

Radiation therapy with pembrolizumab, bevacizumab safe for glioma patients Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:06 AM PDT Researchers will present preliminary results from a phase 1 study testing whether the addition of pembrolizumab to radiation therapy and bevacizumab is safe and can control tumor growth for these patients.

Why immune-boosting therapy doesn't work for everyone with widespread melanoma Posted: 04 Jun 2016 02:06 AM PDT Patients who don't respond to treatments that use their own immune cells to destroy tumors, called tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, share changes in mechanisms that switch genes on or off in those cells, according to a new study.

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