ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Chronic fatigue syndrome flare-ups caused by straining muscles and nerves
• Genetic drivers of immune response to cancer discovered through 'big data' analysis
• Hummingbird vision wired to avoid high-speed collisions
• NASA's Kepler confirms 100+ exoplanets during its K2 mission
• A battery inspired by vitamins
• Malaria: A genetically attenuated parasite induces an immune response
• New link between periodontal and cerebrovascular diseases
• The birth of quantum holography: Making holograms of single light particles!
• Gas sensors 'see' through soil to analyze microbial interactions
• Partially automated cars provide enough benefits to warrant widespread adoption
• Soft drink, soft price: Soda prices found to be significantly low
• Modified rye bread helps patients with irritable bowel syndrome
• Researchers use acoustic voxels to embed sound with data
• Long-awaited breakthrough in the reconstruction of warm climate phases
• Scientists discover how proteins in the brain build-up rapidly in Alzheimer's
• The pains and strains of a continental breakup
• Smallest hard disk to date writes information atom by atom
• Researchers create means to monitor anthropogenic global warming in real time
• How the body disposes of red blood cells, recycles iron
• Scientists determine structure of enzyme linked with key cell-signaling protein
• Helping doctors transform their practices into patient-centered models of health care
• Exploring superconducting properties of 3-D printed parts
• Upsizing nanostructures into light, flexible 3-D printed metallic materials
• Infantile memory study points to critical periods in early-life learning for brain development
• Fracking industry wells associated with increased risk of asthma attacks
• Moving objects and flowing air: How bees position their antennae during flight
• Evolution of flight in birds
• New discoveries about photosynthesis may lead to solar cells of the future
• Researchers build a crawling robot from sea slug parts and a 3-D printed body
• Rise in avoidable diabetes hospital visits
• Mental, physical exercises produce distinct brain benefits
• Human intelligence measured in the brain
• No blood vessels without cloche
• Grandpa's obesity affects the health of his grandchildren: Mouse study
• Quality of care in VA health care system compares well to other settings
• Malnutrition, shaping up to be a first world problem
• Many elderly people are receiving and using prescription medications inappropriately
• Novel biomarkers can help detect illegal blood doping in athletes
• A glimpse inside the atom
• Genomic region associated with autism plays role in specific cognitive functions
• Managing an endangered river across the US-Mexico border
• HIV therapy for breastfeeding mothers can virtually eliminate transmission to babies
• HIV treatment keeps uninfected partner from contracting the virus
• New evidence on why young women in South Africa are at high risk of HIV infection
• Used consistently, monthly vaginal ring may be highly effective against HIV in women, study suggests
• Tiny transformers: Chemists create microscopic and malleable building blocks
• New genetic cause of Coats plus syndrome
• 'Smart' thread collects diagnostic data when sutured into tissue
• Hundreds of years later, teeth tell the story of people who didn't get enough sunshine

Chronic fatigue syndrome flare-ups caused by straining muscles and nerves Posted: 18 Jul 2016 04:41 PM PDT Mild to moderate muscle and nerve strain provokes symptom flares in individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Genetic drivers of immune response to cancer discovered through 'big data' analysis Posted: 18 Jul 2016 01:13 PM PDT Scientists have identified over 100 new genetic regions that affect the immune response to cancer. The findings could inform the development of future immunotherapies -- treatments that enhance the immune system's ability to kill tumors.

Hummingbird vision wired to avoid high-speed collisions Posted: 18 Jul 2016 01:09 PM PDT Hummingbirds are among nature's most agile fliers. They can travel faster than 50 kilometers per hour and stop on a dime to navigate through dense vegetation.

NASA's Kepler confirms 100+ exoplanets during its K2 mission Posted: 18 Jul 2016 11:22 AM PDT Scientists report the largest haul of confirmed planets - tallying more than a hundred -- since NASA's Kepler space telescope switched from staring into one patch of sky to detecting planets along a much larger portion of the Milky Way. Among the confirmed is a planetary system comprising four promising planets that could be rocky.

A battery inspired by vitamins Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:37 AM PDT Researchers have identified a whole new class of high-performing organic molecules, inspired by vitamin B2, that can safely store electricity from intermittent energy sources like solar and wind power in large batteries.

Malaria: A genetically attenuated parasite induces an immune response Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:33 AM PDT With nearly 3.2 billion people currently at risk of contracting malaria, scientists have experimentally developed a live, genetically attenuated vaccine for Plasmodium, the parasite responsible for the disease. By identifying and deleting one of the parasite's genes, the scientists enabled it to induce an effective, long-lasting immune response in a mouse model. These findings were published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine on July 18, 2016.

New link between periodontal and cerebrovascular diseases Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:33 AM PDT A new study has revealed a relationship between chronic periodontitis and lacunar infarct, two common diseases in the elderly. Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the gums, whereas lacunar infarct is a type of cerebral small vessel disease that can lead to a stroke.

The birth of quantum holography: Making holograms of single light particles! Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:32 AM PDT Until quite recently, creating a hologram of a single photon was believed to be impossible due to fundamental laws of physics. However, scientists have now successfully applied concepts of classical holography to the world of quantum phenomena. A new measurement technique has enabled them to register the first ever hologram of a single light particle, thereby shedding new light on the foundations of quantum mechanics.

Gas sensors 'see' through soil to analyze microbial interactions Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:32 AM PDT Researchers use programmed bacteria as gas sensors that help them 'see' into soil to learn about the behavior of the microbial communities within.

Partially automated cars provide enough benefits to warrant widespread adoption Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:32 AM PDT Engineering researchers have concluded that the public could derive economic and social benefits today if safety-oriented, partially automated vehicle technologies were deployed in all cars. The researchers examined forward collision warning, lane departure warning and blind spot monitoring systems. These technologies can include partially autonomous braking or controls to help vehicles avoid crashes.

Soft drink, soft price: Soda prices found to be significantly low Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:32 AM PDT Researchers found a huge disparity between the price of soda, which is linked to the prevalence of health issues like diabetes, and milk -- a difference in price that could be narrowed by taxes like the one on sugary drinks recently approved in Philadelphia.

Modified rye bread helps patients with irritable bowel syndrome Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:32 AM PDT Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are often concerned that certain foods may trigger or worsen their symptoms, which can include abdominal pain, diarrhea, or constipation. In a new study, patients who ate rye bread that was low in so-called 'FODMAPs' (fermentable oligo- di- and mono-saccharides and polyols) experienced milder IBS symptoms than patients who ate normal rye bread.

Researchers use acoustic voxels to embed sound with data Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:32 AM PDT Researchers have developed a method to control sound waves, using a computational approach to inversely design acoustic filters that fit within an arbitrary 3-D shape while achieving target sound filtering properties. They designed acoustic voxels, small, hollow, cube-shaped chambers through which sound enters and exits, as a modular system. Like LEGOs, the voxels can be connected to form a complex structure and can modify the structure's acoustic filtering property.

Long-awaited breakthrough in the reconstruction of warm climate phases Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:30 AM PDT Scientists have overcome a seeming weakness of global climate models. They had previously not been able to simulate the extreme warm period of the Eocene.

Scientists discover how proteins in the brain build-up rapidly in Alzheimer's Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:30 AM PDT Researchers have identified -- and shown that it may be possible to control -- the mechanism that leads to the rapid build-up of the disease-causing 'plaques' that are characteristic of Alzheimer's disease.

The pains and strains of a continental breakup Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:30 AM PDT Scientists have revealed the underlying mechanics enabling supercontinents to separate.

Smallest hard disk to date writes information atom by atom Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:30 AM PDT Every day, modern society creates more than a billion gigabytes of new data. To store all this data, it is increasingly important that each single bit occupies as little space as possible. A team of scientists managed to bring this reduction to the ultimate limit: they built a memory of 1 kilobyte (8,000 bits), where each bit is represented by the position of one single chlorine atom.

Researchers create means to monitor anthropogenic global warming in real time Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:29 AM PDT A research team simulated in a computer model, for the first time, the realistic evolution of global mean surface temperature since 1900. The researchers also created a new method by which scientists can measure and monitor the pace of anthropogenic global warming, finding that the contribution of human activities to warming in the surface waters of the Pacific Ocean can be distinguished from natural variability.

How the body disposes of red blood cells, recycles iron Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:26 AM PDT What happens when red blood cells become damaged or reach the end of their normal life span, and how is the iron required for carrying oxygen recycled? A new study contradicts previous thinking about where and how worn-out red blood cells are disposed of and their iron retained for use in new cells.

Scientists determine structure of enzyme linked with key cell-signaling protein Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:26 AM PDT Scientists have captured atomic level snapshots showing how one key enzyme modifies a protein involved in turning genes on or off inside cells. Understanding this process helps explain how complex organisms can arise from a finite number of genes. The research also identifies links between defects in this particular enzyme and certain cancers, potentially pointing to new drug targets.

Helping doctors transform their practices into patient-centered models of health care Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:26 AM PDT The article demonstrates the effectiveness of teaching practice facilitators how to use cognitive task analysis to help them guide doctors's office staff in changing to a patient-centered model.

Exploring superconducting properties of 3-D printed parts Posted: 18 Jul 2016 10:26 AM PDT While many techniques can be used for 3-D printing with metals, most rely on computer-controlled melting or sintering of a metal alloy powder by a laser or electron beam. The mechanical properties of parts produced by this method have been well studied, but not enough attention has focused on their electrical properties. Researchers now report creating a resonant microwave cavity that they 3-D printed via an aluminum-silicon alloy.

Upsizing nanostructures into light, flexible 3-D printed metallic materials Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:19 AM PDT Researchers have devised a new process to create lightweight, strong and super elastic 3-D printed metallic nanostructured materials with unprecedented scalability, opening the door for applications in aerospace, military and automotive industries.

Infantile memory study points to critical periods in early-life learning for brain development Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:19 AM PDT A new study on infantile memory formation in rats points to the importance of critical periods in early-life learning on functional development of the brain. The research reveals the significance of learning experiences over the first two to four years of human life.

Fracking industry wells associated with increased risk of asthma attacks Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:19 AM PDT People with asthma who live near bigger or larger numbers of active unconventional natural gas wells operated by the fracking industry in Pennsylvania are 1.5 to four times likelier to have asthma attacks than those who live farther away, new research suggests.

Moving objects and flowing air: How bees position their antennae during flight Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:17 AM PDT During flight, bees need to position their antennae carefully to get accurate information about the speed of air flowing past their bodies. This is crucial for them to make mid-air decisions in a fraction of a second. Scientists now show that visual cues and airflow work in opposing ways to help bees position their antennae precisely during flight.

Evolution of flight in birds Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:17 AM PDT New research challenges a long-held hypotheses about how flight first developed in birds.

New discoveries about photosynthesis may lead to solar cells of the future Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:16 AM PDT For the first time, researchers have successfully measured in detail the flow of solar energy, in and between different parts of a photosynthetic organism. The result is a first step in research that could ultimately contribute to the development of technologies that use solar energy far more efficiently than what is currently possible.

Researchers build a crawling robot from sea slug parts and a 3-D printed body Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:16 AM PDT Researchers have combined tissues from a sea slug with flexible 3-D printed components to build 'biohybrid' robots to manage different tasks than an animal or purely humanmade robot could.

Rise in avoidable diabetes hospital visits Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:16 AM PDT Hospital admissions for a short-term and avoidable complication of diabetes have risen by 39 per cent in the last ten years, a new analysis has concluded.

Mental, physical exercises produce distinct brain benefits Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:09 AM PDT Cognitive brain training improves executive function whereas aerobic activity improves memory, according to new research.

Human intelligence measured in the brain Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:09 AM PDT Human intelligence is being defined and measured for the first time ever. It turns out that the more variable a brain is, and the more its different parts frequently connect with each other, the higher a person's IQ and creativity are.

No blood vessels without cloche Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:09 AM PDT After 20 years of searching, scientists discover the mystic gene controlling vessel and blood cell growth in the embryo.

Grandpa's obesity affects the health of his grandchildren: Mouse study Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:09 AM PDT With a major global issue of obesity, researchers are warning of the harmful legacy that parental obesity can have on future generations. It follows a vital breakthrough in obesity research, which shows a father's metabolic health can be passed from generation to generation, affecting not only his children but importantly his grandchildren.

Quality of care in VA health care system compares well to other settings Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:09 AM PDT The quality of health care provided to US military veterans in Veterans Affairs (VA) facilities compares favorably with the treatment and services delivered outside the VA. In fact, VA facilities perform better in some cases when it comes to the safety and effectiveness of the treatment provided.

Malnutrition, shaping up to be a first world problem Posted: 18 Jul 2016 06:34 AM PDT Researchers have discovered that a bad diet has consequences on your immune system even before you notice an increase in body weight. Mice were fed a Western-style high fat diet for nine weeks. They structure and function of their immune cells was found to have been altered in the absence of weight gain.

Many elderly people are receiving and using prescription medications inappropriately Posted: 18 Jul 2016 06:34 AM PDT A new study indicates that the majority of community-dwelling elderly adults are taking prescription medications inappropriately. The study also found a link between underuse -- not taking essential medications -- and an increased risk of dying or needing to be hospitalized.

Novel biomarkers can help detect illegal blood doping in athletes Posted: 18 Jul 2016 06:34 AM PDT Increasing oxygen delivery to muscles can help athletes perform better and give them the edge needed to win elite competitions. This can be done through illegal 'blood doping': undergoing a blood transfusion for extra red blood cells to boosts oxygen levels. While some transfusions are identifiable with current testing methods, autologous blood transfusion (ABT) is not. A new report looks at novel biomarkers to identify potential new testing protocols for ABT.

A glimpse inside the atom Posted: 18 Jul 2016 06:34 AM PDT Scientists have calculated how it is possible to look inside the atom to image individual electron orbitals.

Genomic region associated with autism plays role in specific cognitive functions Posted: 18 Jul 2016 06:34 AM PDT A new study reports that variations in 16p11.2, a region of the genome associated with risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), have distinct effects on cognition. The findings highlight the diversity of people with ASD.

Managing an endangered river across the US-Mexico border Posted: 18 Jul 2016 06:34 AM PDT A new study shows how improving communication and involvement could bring consensus solutions for the embattled Rio Grande/Bravo, which is shared between the USA and Mexico.

HIV therapy for breastfeeding mothers can virtually eliminate transmission to babies Posted: 18 Jul 2016 06:34 AM PDT For HIV-infected mothers whose immune system is in good health, taking a three-drug antiretroviral regimen during breastfeeding essentially eliminates HIV transmission by breast milk to their infants, according to results from a large clinical trial.

HIV treatment keeps uninfected partner from contracting the virus Posted: 18 Jul 2016 06:33 AM PDT Anti-HIV medications suppress the viral load of people living with HIV and provide durable protection against heterosexual transmission found. Researchers found a 93 percent reduction of HIV transmission when the HIV-infected person started antiretroviral therapy or ART at a higher CD4 cell count.

New evidence on why young women in South Africa are at high risk of HIV infection Posted: 18 Jul 2016 06:33 AM PDT New evidence is shedding new light on why young women in South Africa have high rates of HIV infection.

Used consistently, monthly vaginal ring may be highly effective against HIV in women, study suggests Posted: 18 Jul 2016 06:31 AM PDT When used consistently for a month at a time, a vaginal ring containing the antiretroviral drug, dapivirine, provides significant protection against HIV, suggest new results. Among women who appeared to use the ring most regularly, HIV risk was cut by more than half in all analyses, and in some, by 75 percent or more.

Tiny transformers: Chemists create microscopic and malleable building blocks Posted: 18 Jul 2016 06:31 AM PDT Taking a page from Jonathan Swift's 'Gulliver's Travels,' a team of scientists has created malleable and microscopic self-assembling particles that can serve as the next generation of building blocks in the creation of synthetic materials.

New genetic cause of Coats plus syndrome Posted: 18 Jul 2016 06:31 AM PDT A team of Israeli researchers has discovered that mutations in STN1, a gene that helps maintain the ends of chromosomes, cause the rare, inherited disorder Coats plus syndrome.

'Smart' thread collects diagnostic data when sutured into tissue Posted: 18 Jul 2016 06:31 AM PDT Researchers, for the first time, have integrated nano-scale sensors, electronics and microfluidics into threads -- ranging from simple cotton to sophisticated synthetics -- that can be sutured through multiple layers of tissue to gather diagnostic data wirelessly.

Hundreds of years later, teeth tell the story of people who didn't get enough sunshine Posted: 18 Jul 2016 06:31 AM PDT Researchers have found a rich new record of vitamin D deficiency, one that resides in the teeth of every person and remains viable for hundreds of years or more.The team of anthropologists has determined that looking into the microscopic structure of teeth opens a window into the lives and challenges of people who lived hundreds of years ago, and whose only record is their skeletal remains.

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