ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• The dangers of Pokémon Go similar to texting
• Post-transplant anxiety linked to complex instructions, caregiver empathy
• The gender divide in urology: Surgeon gender shapes the clinical landscape
• Music demonstrated to alleviate cancer patients' symptoms
• Two percent testosterone solution improves sex drive and energy levels in men with hypogonadism
• Study quantifies risk factors for preterm birth
• Roadblocks to research: bioethicist addresses lack of HIV studies in pregnant women
• How a protein could become the next big sweetener
• Mouse study points way to shut down harmful immune response in lupus
• Regenerative bandage heals diabetic wounds faster
• Aggressive lung cancer's aggressiveness may be its Achilles' heel
• Low-income kids less likely to receive strabismus diagnoses
• A molecular alarm clock awakens resting ovules
• Real-time visualization of the function of bone-resorbing cells within animals
• Physical training and social support reduce frailty and malnutrition
• US and Mexican controls on precursor chemicals may reduce cocaine and meth use in the US
• New findings detail how beneficial bacteria in the nose suppress pathogenic bacteria
• CRISPR-Cas9 breaks genes better if you disrupt DNA repair
• TERRA, the RNAs that protect telomeres
• Average of two injuries every hour in the US from strollers, carriers
• Researchers working to advance aging research
• Bone marrow transplant patients report better quality of life compared to peripheral blood transplant recipients from unrelated volunteer donors
• Cellular snowplow keeps genes open
• Study details sources of discrepancies between initial and final pathology reports
• Potential therapeutic target for Huntington's disease
• Study suggests ways to block hypertension in those with sleep apnea
• Chronic pain linked to partners of people with depression
• Unhealthy habits cost Canadians six years of life
• Data sharing should become routine for best reponse to public health emergencies
• Genetic and environmental risk factors for chronic pain
• Harms reporting in trials of orlistat
• Duration of adulthood overweight, obesity linked to cancer risk in US women
• Scientists find a salty way to kill MRSA
• Prenatal BPA exposure linked to anxiety and depression in boys
• Gene variant explains differences in diabetes drug response
• Connection between Ebola survival and co-infection with malaria parasites explored in new study
• Healthy people more at ease socializing with stocky folks, but it can hinder weight loss
• Use of feeding tubes decreases among nursing home residents with advanced dementia
• Recently approved cholesterol medication not cost-effective
• Injected drug reduces risk of fracture among women with osteoporosis
• Studying blood flow dynamics to identify the heart of vessel failure
• Probability data could better direct lymph node removal for thyroid cancer
• New maths to predict dangerous hospital epidemics
• Steroid treatment in very low birth weight infants may contribute to vision problems
• LGBT persons get limited educational info for assisted reproductive technology, study finds
• New method simplifies blood biomarker discovery and analysis
• Researchers identify key elements of cellular response to proteasome dysfunction
• New study reveals a novel protein linked to type 2 diabetes
• Researchers discover the hidden potential of disordered proteins
• Molecule prevents effect of chemotherapy
• Researchers identify the secret genetic weapon of Clostridium difficile
• New enzyme-mapping advance could help drug development
• Plaque psoriasis patients find many treatments, but few satisfied with their current plan
• It's true: Latinos age slower than other ethnicities
• Microscale and macroscale brain disruptions are associated in schizophrenia
• New MRI technique sheds technology's longtime limits
• Diet and exercise can reduce protein build-ups linked to Alzheimer's, study shows
• New guidance for administering hemorrhage prevention treatment

The dangers of Pokémon Go similar to texting Posted: 17 Aug 2016 10:23 AM PDT It's taking over headlines around the world – people being injured playing Pokémon Go, a location-based augmented reality game. A new study says much of the danger in playing the game is similar to the hazards of texting, a subject he has studied in the past.

Post-transplant anxiety linked to complex instructions, caregiver empathy Posted: 17 Aug 2016 10:21 AM PDT Some anxiety is perfectly normal for kidney transplant patients, but new research suggests that medical staff can help patients feel more at ease when they leave the hospital and that could decrease the chances they'll be readmitted.

The gender divide in urology: Surgeon gender shapes the clinical landscape Posted: 17 Aug 2016 10:21 AM PDT Although female certified urologists are still a minority within the specialty, they perform many more procedures on women than their male colleagues, who perform more procedures on men than their female colleagues. As more women opt to specialize in urology, attention needs to be paid to the way gender shapes the clinical landscape, report researchers.

Music demonstrated to alleviate cancer patients' symptoms Posted: 17 Aug 2016 10:19 AM PDT A review looking at studies on the effect music interventions have on the treatment of cancer patients found treatment benefits for anxiety, pain, fatigue and overall quality of life.

Two percent testosterone solution improves sex drive and energy levels in men with hypogonadism Posted: 17 Aug 2016 10:19 AM PDT For men with hypogonadism, a condition in which the body does not produce enough testosterone, low sex drive and fatigue are common symptoms. For these men treatment with a 2 percent testosterone solution (T-sol) can be effective therapy. In a six-month open-label study of patients receiving T-sol, researchers noted improvement of low sex drive and low energy symptoms, and did not identify new safety concerns.

Study quantifies risk factors for preterm birth Posted: 17 Aug 2016 10:17 AM PDT A significant portion of preterm births might be avoided by reducing or eliminating three major risk factors: abnormalities in the interval between pregnancies, the mother's body mass index prior to pregnancy, and the amount of weight gain in pregnancy.

Roadblocks to research: bioethicist addresses lack of HIV studies in pregnant women Posted: 17 Aug 2016 10:16 AM PDT A new study is addressing the urgent need for effective HIV prevention and treatment for the estimated 1.5 million women worldwide with HIV who give birth each year.

How a protein could become the next big sweetener Posted: 17 Aug 2016 10:16 AM PDT High-fructose corn syrup and sugar are on the outs with calorie-wary consumers. As a result, low- and no-calorie alternatives have become popular, and soon, there could be another option that tastes more sugar-like than other substitutes. Scientists report a step toward commercial production of a fruit protein called brazzein that is far sweeter than sugar -- and has fewer calories.

Mouse study points way to shut down harmful immune response in lupus Posted: 17 Aug 2016 07:20 AM PDT Molecules that scavenge debris from dying cells appear to halt the cycle of chronic inflammation in lupus, while also enhancing the body's ability to combat flu, according to studies in mice.

Regenerative bandage heals diabetic wounds faster Posted: 17 Aug 2016 07:17 AM PDT An antioxidant bandage heals wounds four times faster by delivering a protein that promotes cell repair, report investigators. Called a "regenerative bandage," the novel material heals diabetic wounds four times faster than a standard bandage and has the added benefit of promoting healing without side effects.

Aggressive lung cancer's aggressiveness may be its Achilles' heel Posted: 17 Aug 2016 07:15 AM PDT Researchers have discovered a flaw in the armor of the most aggressive form of lung cancer, a weakness that doctors may be able to exploit to slow or even stop the disease. Remarkably, this vulnerability stems from the very aggressiveness that makes the cancer so deadly.

Low-income kids less likely to receive strabismus diagnoses Posted: 17 Aug 2016 07:15 AM PDT Back to school eye exams may not be the norm for all kids. A large study shows strabismus is diagnosed much less in poor communities which puts kids at risk for permanent vision loss.

A molecular alarm clock awakens resting ovules Posted: 17 Aug 2016 06:15 AM PDT At the start of reproductive life an ovary contains, on average, several thousands of immature ovules in a resting state that can last for several decades. But how does each resting ovule know that it is time to prepare for ovulation? In a new study, researchers discovered in the fruit fly a molecular "alarm clock" that tells resting ovules when is the right time to wake up. Defects in this alarm clock result in female fertility problems.

Real-time visualization of the function of bone-resorbing cells within animals Posted: 17 Aug 2016 06:15 AM PDT Researchers have discovered a way to visualize sites where bone-resorbing cells (osteoclasts) were in the process of resorbing bone in living mice. This real-time visualization of changes in osteoclast localization and activity allowed the successful measurement of bone resorption intensity. Since this enables simple and quick access to information on the activity of osteoclasts, this discovery will contribute to the early diagnosis of affected areas and the development of new therapeutic drugs.

Physical training and social support reduce frailty and malnutrition Posted: 17 Aug 2016 06:12 AM PDT A training program for the reactivation of older and frail people has achieved remarkable success. It was revealed that physical training and addressing nutrition-relevant aspects with the aid of non-professional volunteers at home has had positive effects on the physical condition. Particularly the "social aspect" is of great significance.

US and Mexican controls on precursor chemicals may reduce cocaine and meth use in the US Posted: 17 Aug 2016 06:10 AM PDT In December 2006, the USA regulated sodium permanganate, a chemical essential to the manufacture of cocaine. In March 2007, Mexico closed a chemical company accused of illicitly importing more than 60 tons of pseudoephedrine, a methamphetamine precursor chemical. A new study has found that those events were associated with large, extended reductions in cocaine and methamphetamine users in the USA.

New findings detail how beneficial bacteria in the nose suppress pathogenic bacteria Posted: 17 Aug 2016 06:10 AM PDT Staphylococcus aureus is a common colonizer of the human body. Although, one quarter of the US population live with the bacteria and never get sick, having S. aureus present in the nostrils is a risk for infections that range in severity from mild skin to life- threatening MRSA infections. Research is providing insight into how harmless Corynebacterium species, bacterial members of the nasal and skin microbiome, help protect humans from disease.

CRISPR-Cas9 breaks genes better if you disrupt DNA repair Posted: 17 Aug 2016 06:06 AM PDT The popular gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9 competes with DNA repair, continually cutting what repair enzymes fix until the enzymes make a mistake, resulting in a broken gene. This led to a trick to improve cutting efficiency of the Cas9 protein. By dumping random bits of non-homologous DNA into the cell with Cas9, they disrupted the DNA repair process and boosted knockout efficiency up to five fold in human cell lines.

TERRA, the RNAs that protect telomeres Posted: 17 Aug 2016 06:06 AM PDT Despite their especially compact structure that is difficult to access, telomeres transcribe information like the rest of the DNA. The RNAs resulting from this process are called TERRA and their function is essential in preserving these protective structures.

Average of two injuries every hour in the US from strollers, carriers Posted: 17 Aug 2016 06:06 AM PDT Over a 21-year period from 1990 through 2010, almost 361,000 children aged 5 years and younger were treated in US hospital emergency departments for stroller- or carrier-related injuries -- that's about two children every hour.

Researchers working to advance aging research Posted: 17 Aug 2016 06:06 AM PDT Researchers have published six manuscripts that map strategies for taking new drugs that target processes underlying aging into clinical trials. They believe that these agents hold promise for treating multiple age-related diseases and disabilities.

Bone marrow transplant patients report better quality of life compared to peripheral blood transplant recipients from unrelated volunteer donors Posted: 16 Aug 2016 12:33 PM PDT A large, nationwide study finds better psychological well-being, fewer graft vs. host disease symptoms and greater likelihood of returning to work among bone marrow transplant recipients.

Cellular snowplow keeps genes open Posted: 16 Aug 2016 12:29 PM PDT A new discovery has revealed how special genes stay open for business, helping diagram a mechanism that plays a key role in fighting inflammation and infections.

Study details sources of discrepancies between initial and final pathology reports Posted: 16 Aug 2016 12:19 PM PDT Scientists detail the hospital procedures that lead to discrepancies between initial, intraoperative pathology evaluation and the results of the final, less pressured examination.

Potential therapeutic target for Huntington's disease Posted: 16 Aug 2016 12:19 PM PDT There is new hope in the fight against Huntington's disease. Scientists have discovered that changing a specific part of the huntingtin protein prevented the loss of critical brain cells and protected against behavioral symptoms in a mouse model of the disease.

Study suggests ways to block hypertension in those with sleep apnea Posted: 16 Aug 2016 12:18 PM PDT Suppressing hydrogen sulfide production in the carotid body may block the hypertension associated with sleep apnea.

Chronic pain linked to partners of people with depression Posted: 16 Aug 2016 12:18 PM PDT Partners of people with depression are more likely to suffer from chronic pain, research has found. The study shows that the two conditions share common causes -- some of which are genetic whilst other causes originate from the environment that partners share.

Unhealthy habits cost Canadians six years of life Posted: 16 Aug 2016 12:18 PM PDT Unhealthy habits are costing Canadians an estimated six years of life, according to a study. Researchers found that smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity, and unhealthy alcohol consumption contribute to about 50 percent of deaths in Canada.

Data sharing should become routine for best reponse to public health emergencies Posted: 16 Aug 2016 12:18 PM PDT The recent outbreaks caused by Ebola and Zika viruses have highlighted the importance of medical and public health research in accelerating outbreak control and have prompted calls for researchers to share data rapidly and widely during public health emergencies. However, the routine practice of data sharing in scientific research, rather than reactive data sharing, will be needed to effectively prepare for future public health emergencies, according to researchers.

Genetic and environmental risk factors for chronic pain Posted: 16 Aug 2016 12:18 PM PDT Both genetic factors and family environment contribute to risk for chronic pain, and contributions of many genes contribute to risk of both chronic pain and major depressive disorder (MDD), according to a new study.

Harms reporting in trials of orlistat Posted: 16 Aug 2016 12:18 PM PDT The reporting of trials of orlistat in the 1990s appears to have understated harms, both in the summarized results and in published papers, warn experts.

Duration of adulthood overweight, obesity linked to cancer risk in US women Posted: 16 Aug 2016 12:18 PM PDT The duration of overweight and obesity in women's adult lives is associated with cancer risk, according to a longitudinal study.

Scientists find a salty way to kill MRSA Posted: 16 Aug 2016 11:07 AM PDT Scientists have discovered a new way to attack Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The team has revealed how the bacteria regulates its salt levels.

Prenatal BPA exposure linked to anxiety and depression in boys Posted: 16 Aug 2016 11:06 AM PDT Boys exposed prenatally to a common chemical used in plastics may be more likely to develop symptoms of anxiety and depression at age 10-12. The new study examined early life exposure to the chemical Bisphenol A (BPA).

Gene variant explains differences in diabetes drug response Posted: 16 Aug 2016 10:41 AM PDT A large international study of metformin, the world's most commonly used type 2 diabetes drug, reveals genetic differences among patients that may explain why some respond much better to the drug than others.

Connection between Ebola survival and co-infection with malaria parasites explored in new study Posted: 16 Aug 2016 09:07 AM PDT People infected with Ebola virus were 20 percent more likely to survive if they were co-infected with malaria-causing Plasmodium parasites, according to data collected at an Ebola diagnostic laboratory in Liberia in 2014-15. Moreover, greater numbers of Plasmodium parasites correlated with increased rates of Ebola survival, according to the new study.

Healthy people more at ease socializing with stocky folks, but it can hinder weight loss Posted: 16 Aug 2016 09:07 AM PDT People trying to shed pounds -- but who hang out with heavier pals regularly -- are more likely to lose weight if they include thinner people in their social lives, according to a study.

Use of feeding tubes decreases among nursing home residents with advanced dementia Posted: 16 Aug 2016 09:06 AM PDT Researchers examined feeding tube insertion rates from 2000-2014 among US nursing home residents with advanced dementia.

Recently approved cholesterol medication not cost-effective Posted: 16 Aug 2016 09:06 AM PDT Although the recently FDA-approved cholesterol-lowering drugs, PCSK9 inhibitors, could substantially reduce heart attacks, strokes, and cardiovascular deaths, they would not be cost-effective for use in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, with annual drug prices needing to be reduced by more than two-thirds to meet a generally acceptable threshold for cost-effectiveness, according to a study.

Injected drug reduces risk of fracture among women with osteoporosis Posted: 16 Aug 2016 09:06 AM PDT Among postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at risk of fracture, daily injection of the drug abaloparatide for 18 months significantly reduced the risk of new vertebral and nonvertebral fractures compared with placebo, according to a study.

Studying blood flow dynamics to identify the heart of vessel failure Posted: 16 Aug 2016 09:06 AM PDT New research from a fluid mechanics team reveals how blood flow dynamics within blood vessels may influence where plaques develop or rupture. The findings could one day help doctors identify weak spots on a vessel wall that are likeliest to fail, and lead to early interventions in treating heart disease.

Probability data could better direct lymph node removal for thyroid cancer Posted: 16 Aug 2016 08:15 AM PDT Surgeons operating on patients with advanced thyroid cancer are often conflicted when deciding how many lymph nodes they should remove to reduce the patient's risk of recurrence.

New maths to predict dangerous hospital epidemics Posted: 16 Aug 2016 08:12 AM PDT Mathematicians are now developing completely new statistical calculations on the world's fastest computers in order to be able to predict how epidemics of dangerous hospital bacteria spread.

Steroid treatment in very low birth weight infants may contribute to vision problems Posted: 16 Aug 2016 08:11 AM PDT It has long been suspected that steroids may have negative neurodevelopmental effects on very premature infants. In a new study, researchers found that for very premature infants with birth weights of less than 500 grams, there was a 1.6 times increased risk for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and a 1.7 times greater chance for advanced ROP.

LGBT persons get limited educational info for assisted reproductive technology, study finds Posted: 16 Aug 2016 08:10 AM PDT With the recent one-year anniversary of Obergefell vs. Hodges -- the landmark US Supreme Court decision legalizing same-sex marriage -- researchers have published a report that identifies unequal online availability of educational materials regarding assisted reproductive technology.

New method simplifies blood biomarker discovery and analysis Posted: 16 Aug 2016 08:10 AM PDT A new gene expression analysis method has been developed to widen the usage of blood in biomarker discovery and analysis, report scientists in a new article.

Researchers identify key elements of cellular response to proteasome dysfunction Posted: 16 Aug 2016 08:10 AM PDT Investigators have identified key molecules in the pathway by which cells in the C. elegans roundworm sense proteasome dysfunction, findings that may have application to treatment of several human diseases.

New study reveals a novel protein linked to type 2 diabetes Posted: 16 Aug 2016 08:10 AM PDT A possible new explanation as to why most people who are obese develop insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes has been revealed by researchers. A minority of obese individuals, the so-called healthy obese, have normal insulin sensitivity and are not diabetic.

Researchers discover the hidden potential of disordered proteins Posted: 16 Aug 2016 08:10 AM PDT Scientists have rediscovered the utility of disordered regions of proteins as drug targets. These results pave the way towards identifying new therapeutic targets for many diseases, they say.

Molecule prevents effect of chemotherapy Posted: 16 Aug 2016 08:07 AM PDT For the last three years a research team has been working on the development of a so-called biomarker to predict treatment effectiveness in colorectal cancer. Now the researchers found a molecule which is closely associated with the effect of Oxaliplatin treatment, an anti-cancer drug widely used in the treatment of this cancer.

Researchers identify the secret genetic weapon of Clostridium difficile Posted: 16 Aug 2016 08:07 AM PDT A trio of researchers has identified the location of the genes that control production of toxins that harm people infected by Clostridium difficile bacteria. The gene locus, agr1, forms part of a signaling communication system that produces a small molecule that, in turn, tells the rest of the population to turn on their toxin genes.

New enzyme-mapping advance could help drug development Posted: 16 Aug 2016 06:22 AM PDT Scientists have identified the structure of an enzyme that could be a good target for drugs combating three diseases common in the developing world.

Plaque psoriasis patients find many treatments, but few satisfied with their current plan Posted: 16 Aug 2016 06:22 AM PDT A new national survey in the United States of nearly 600 individuals with psoriasis, reveals that although patients have numerous treatment options, they have difficulty finding treatment plans that work. In addition, respondents reported a heavy emotional toll, with many feeling isolated and stigmatized due to the condition.

It's true: Latinos age slower than other ethnicities Posted: 16 Aug 2016 05:51 AM PDT Latinos age at a slower rate than other ethnic groups, a new study confirms. The findings may one day help scientists understand how to slow the aging process for everyone.

Microscale and macroscale brain disruptions are associated in schizophrenia Posted: 16 Aug 2016 05:50 AM PDT Brain abnormalities in schizophrenia have been identified at the microscale (alterations in synaptic connections between neurons) and the macroscale (altered connections between brain regions). Findings of these two levels of abnormalities have emerged separately, but a new study reports that the microscale and macroscale changes may go hand in hand.

New MRI technique sheds technology's longtime limits Posted: 16 Aug 2016 05:47 AM PDT Since its emergence in the 1970s, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has given physicians a better look inside tissues, helping to diagnose maladies from brain tumors to internal bleeding to torn ligaments. A new technology creates images resolved enough to enable consistent diagnoses across populations for the first time.

Diet and exercise can reduce protein build-ups linked to Alzheimer's, study shows Posted: 16 Aug 2016 05:47 AM PDT A healthy diet, regular physical activity and a normal body mass index can reduce the incidence of protein build-ups that are associated with the onset of Alzheimer's disease, research shows.

New guidance for administering hemorrhage prevention treatment Posted: 15 Aug 2016 07:01 PM PDT Tranexamic acid (TXA) is currently being administered to injured patients by many prehospital air and ground systems, despite a lack of evidence supporting or refuting its efficacy in preventing hemorrhage. Several studies examining prehospital use of TXA are currently in progress, but until now there have been no guidelines for healthcare professionals administering TXA to patients. A new guidance document provides best practices for TXA administration by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) based on the best evidence currently available.

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