ScienceDaily: Top News

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• New study seeks to use human serum to detect heart attacks
• Smart homes enhance seniors' safety
• Investigating the Neutrino Mass Scale with the ultra-low background KamLAND-Zen detector
• Combining forces against Influenza A
• Silicon brings more color to holograms
• Incidence of most fatal type of stroke decreasing
• Scientists capture neon in an organic environment for the first time
• Virtual world improves communication following stroke, says study
• NASA's Fermi mission expands its search for dark matter
• Nature and the nurture of aerosols
• Investigators chart microbial ecology of gingivitis, periodontitis
• Researchers pinpoint key influenza-fighting immune trigger
• Seeing the invisible: Visible light superlens made from nanobeads
• Vortex rings may aid cell delivery, cell-free protein production
• Clues in Zika's genome
• Let's roll: Material for polymer solar cells may lend itself to large-area processing
• Black, Hispanic children, youth rarely get help for mental health problems
• Structure of mammalian respiratory complex I
• Caught in the act: Coral's bleaching behavior
• Hispanic men in California need more screening for colorectal cancer, Study finds
• Phone checklist can help detect changes in clinical status among home care recipients
• Discovery of a unique subcellular structure determining the orientation of cell division
• 'Chemtrails' not real, say atmospheric science experts
• First public collection of bacteria from the intestine of mice
• Greenland sharks live for hundreds of years
• Sugar addiction: Discovery of a brain sugar switch
• Gastrointestinal illnesses cost the Swiss health care sector up to EUR 45 million per year
• Global crosstalk limits gene regulation
• Intestinal flora effects drug response
• Persistence makes the difference in minority participation in science, researchers say
• Bug collecting: Mapping North American groups of plant-feeding insects
• De-icing agent remains stable at more than a million atmospheres of pressure
• Large human brain evolved as a result of 'sizing each other up'
• Male and female cats respond differently to distressed kittens
• In right balance, environmental regulations increased firms' profits, new study finds
• Correcting metabolic deficiencies may improve depression symptoms
• Exercise can tackle symptoms of schizophrenia
• New method cuts the cost of drug-building chemicals
• Venetoclax safe, shows promise in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia
• Slicing through materials with a new X-ray imaging technique
• High and low levels of ‘good cholesterol’ may cause premature death
• Study links child obesity at age 9-11 years to gestational diabetes in mother
• Virtual reality and treadmill training could help prevent falls in older adults
• Ten trillionths of your suntan comes from beyond our galaxy
• Strict blood pressure control may provide long-term benefits for kidney disease patients
• RetroScope opens doors to the past in smart phone investigations
• New microscopy system captures 'lost' fluorescence, improving resolution
• Lack of American engineers and scientists
• Children score low on cardiovascular health measures
• Burnout is caused by mismatch between unconscious needs and job demands
• Visitors concerned about Zika but still plan to travel to Florida, study shows
• How did primate brains get so big?
• Backup plans may keep you from achieving your goal, research shows
• Sequencing of fungal disease genomes may help prevent banana armageddon

New study seeks to use human serum to detect heart attacks Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:10 PM PDT A research team has developed a new sensor for early detection of heart attack in humans. Heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women. Therefore, a fast and reliable diagnosis of heart attack is urgently needed.

Smart homes enhance seniors' safety Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:10 PM PDT Researchers are using sensors to increase the safety of seniors who live independently in their own homes. The research proposes that the best approach to deal with a growth in an aging population is to allow as many people to stay in their homes as possible.

Investigating the Neutrino Mass Scale with the ultra-low background KamLAND-Zen detector Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:08 PM PDT The ultra-low background KamLAND-Zen detector, hosted by research institutes inside and outside Japan demonstrates the best sensitivity in the search for neutrinoless double-beta decay, and sets the best limit on the effective Majorana neutrino mass.

Combining forces against Influenza A Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:08 PM PDT Influenza A is one of the most prolific and diverse viruses on Earth; its ability to rapidly mutate to resist treatment challenges the management of future pandemics. Effective antiviral drugs for multiple Influenza A strains could work by attacking combined RNA targets, say scientists.

Silicon brings more color to holograms Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:08 PM PDT Silicon holograms harness the full visible spectrum to bring holographic projections one step closer, report scientists. A research team has now demonstrated the hologram of three flat images at wavelengths ranging from blue (480 nanometers) to red (680 nanometers). The images appeared in planes 50 microns apart for red and higher spacings for shorter wavelengths.

Incidence of most fatal type of stroke decreasing Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:05 PM PDT A recently published study indicates that Finland's national tobacco policies seem to be radically reducing the incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage, the most fatal form of stroke.

Scientists capture neon in an organic environment for the first time Posted: 12 Aug 2016 01:04 PM PDT Researchers have captured neon within a porous crystalline framework. Neon is well known for being the most unreactive element and is a key component in semiconductor manufacturing, but neon has never been studied within an organic or metal-organic framework until now. The results point the way towards a more economical and greener industrial process for neon production.

Virtual world improves communication following stroke, says study Posted: 12 Aug 2016 01:04 PM PDT A virtual reality world called EVA Park can improve the communication of those who have impaired speech and language following a stroke, according to research.

NASA's Fermi mission expands its search for dark matter Posted: 12 Aug 2016 01:04 PM PDT Dark matter, the mysterious stuff that makes up most of the material universe, continues to vex scientists, but three creative studies using NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope have helped whittle down some possibilities.

Nature and the nurture of aerosols Posted: 12 Aug 2016 12:19 PM PDT Scientists conducted a collaborative study that answered foundational questions about how nature influences the composition of aerosols. The team's findings could help avoid unintended consequences in both regulations and remediation, they say.

Investigators chart microbial ecology of gingivitis, periodontitis Posted: 12 Aug 2016 12:18 PM PDT Gingivitis, a common and mild form of gum disease can progress to periodontitis, a more serious infection that damages the soft tissue of the gums and sometimes even destroys the bone supporting the teeth. An international team of researchers and clinicians has charted the microbial ecology of the mouth at all stages of this progression, in nearly 1,000 women in Malawi. This work is laying a foundation of knowledge that could lead to better oral health.

Researchers pinpoint key influenza-fighting immune trigger Posted: 12 Aug 2016 12:18 PM PDT Scientists have identified the molecule that recognizes the influenza virus in infected cells and triggers their suicide to fight the infection, outlines a new report.

Seeing the invisible: Visible light superlens made from nanobeads Posted: 12 Aug 2016 12:18 PM PDT A new paper provides proof of a new concept, using new solid 3-D superlenses to break through the scale of things previously visible through a microscope.

Vortex rings may aid cell delivery, cell-free protein production Posted: 12 Aug 2016 10:27 AM PDT Researchers have devised a method for producing toroid-shaped particles through a process called vortex ring freezing. The particles are mass produceable through inexpensive electrospraying.

Clues in Zika's genome Posted: 12 Aug 2016 10:27 AM PDT Chemists have found that the Zika virus contains genetic structures similar to other viruses in the Flaviviridae family, and that these structures may serve as potential antiviral drug targets.

Let's roll: Material for polymer solar cells may lend itself to large-area processing Posted: 12 Aug 2016 10:27 AM PDT An international team's findings provide important clues for designing polymer solar cells approaching target for power conversion efficiency and optimized for roll-to-roll processing.

Black, Hispanic children, youth rarely get help for mental health problems Posted: 12 Aug 2016 10:27 AM PDT Black youth are about half as likely as their white counterparts to get mental health care despite having similar rates of mental health problems, and Hispanic youth also get only half as much mental health care as whites. Types of care included visits to psychiatrists, social workers and psychologists, as well as substance abuse counseling and mental health counseling by pediatricians and other doctors. Income and insurance status did not account for the racial/ethnic disparities.

Structure of mammalian respiratory complex I Posted: 12 Aug 2016 07:38 AM PDT New research outlines discoveries on the complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase), one of the largest membrane-bound enzymes in the cell, powers ATP synthesis in mammalian mitochondria by using the reducing potential of NADH to drive protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Caught in the act: Coral's bleaching behavior Posted: 12 Aug 2016 07:38 AM PDT Coral researchers have for the first time captured the specific behavior of a coral as it's bleaching. While scientists have known for some time that coral bleaching occurs when the relationship between the coral and their Symbiodinium breaks down as ocean temperatures rise, new research show for the first time how this coral removes the algae.

Hispanic men in California need more screening for colorectal cancer, Study finds Posted: 12 Aug 2016 07:38 AM PDT Colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rates in California have decreased markedly for men and women in all major racial-ethnic groups since 1990, except for Hispanic men -- a disparity that can be improved by greater screening, a study has found.

Phone checklist can help detect changes in clinical status among home care recipients Posted: 12 Aug 2016 07:38 AM PDT Millions of elderly Americans with physical or cognitive impairments receive nonmedical home-care services and are often hospitalized for potentially avoidable complications. A phone-based checklist can help detect telltale changes in health status among people receiving care at home, according to findings of a pilot study. Real-time monitoring systems that help spot problems may head off complications before they escalate.

Discovery of a unique subcellular structure determining the orientation of cell division Posted: 12 Aug 2016 07:37 AM PDT New work has revealed that in the sea squirt embryo, the orientation of the cell division machinery in epithelial cells is controlled by a unique cell membrane structure, which we call an 'invagination.'

'Chemtrails' not real, say atmospheric science experts Posted: 12 Aug 2016 07:37 AM PDT Well-understood physical and chemical processes can easily explain the alleged evidence of a secret, large-scale atmospheric spraying program, commonly referred to as 'chemtrails' or 'covert geoengineering.' A survey of the world's leading atmospheric scientists categorically rejects the existence of a secret spraying program.

First public collection of bacteria from the intestine of mice Posted: 12 Aug 2016 07:37 AM PDT Mouse models are extensively used in pharmaceutical and medical research, and the microbes in their intestine can have an impact on research. However, there is still insufficient information available about many bacteria in mice. For the first time, a collection of cultured bacterial strains provides comprehensive information on the mouse gut microbiota: Scientists were able to isolate, characterize, and archive a hundred strains, including 15 hitherto unknown taxa.

Greenland sharks live for hundreds of years Posted: 12 Aug 2016 07:37 AM PDT The 5 meter long Greenland shark's general biology and way of life have been a mystery to biologists for many years. However, marine biologists have now deployed an epoch-making method to unveil one of the greatest of the mysteries surrounding this enigmatic shark -- and have come to an amazing revelation: with a life expectancy of at least 272 years, the Greenland shark has the longest life expectancy of all vertebrate animals known to science.

Sugar addiction: Discovery of a brain sugar switch Posted: 12 Aug 2016 07:37 AM PDT Researchers have discovered that our brain actively takes sugar from the blood. Prior to this, researchers had assumed that this was a purely passive process. The transportation of sugar into the brain is regulated by so-called glia cells that react to hormones such as insulin or leptin; previously it was thought that this was only possible for neurons.

Gastrointestinal illnesses cost the Swiss health care sector up to EUR 45 million per year Posted: 12 Aug 2016 07:37 AM PDT Acute diarrhea entails annual health care costs of EUR 29 to EUR 45 million in Switzerland. Thereof, around a quarter is due to infections of the diarrhea-causing pathogen Campylobacter, say investigators.

Global crosstalk limits gene regulation Posted: 12 Aug 2016 07:37 AM PDT Scientists at the interface of biophysics, evolutionary biology and systems biology have developed a new framework to analyze effects of global crosstalk on gene regulation, a new report explains.

Intestinal flora effects drug response Posted: 12 Aug 2016 07:36 AM PDT Intestinal flora has multiple influences on human health, but research has new revealed that it is also likely to have an effect on the body's response to drugs. Individual changes in the intestinal flora caused by antibacterial and antibiotic drugs may affect the effectiveness and side effects of other medicines.

Persistence makes the difference in minority participation in science, researchers say Posted: 12 Aug 2016 07:36 AM PDT The problem of persistence has long troubled undergraduate programs hoping to guide promising students from underrepresented racial/ethnic groups into science careers, but a new study by science education researchers says that the problem appears to be translating students' initial interest into confidence that they can proceed in science.

Bug collecting: Mapping North American groups of plant-feeding insects Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:47 AM PDT Amateur and professional entomologists are experts at their own version of Pokémon Go. After all, part of their job is to search for and collect rare insect species that are stored in the archives of natural history museums.

De-icing agent remains stable at more than a million atmospheres of pressure Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:47 AM PDT Scientists have examined the high-pressure structural behavior of magnesium chloride, which could work to neutralize biological weapons, outlines a new report.

Large human brain evolved as a result of 'sizing each other up' Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:45 AM PDT Humans have evolved a disproportionately large brain as a result of sizing each other up in large cooperative social groups, researchers have proposed.

Male and female cats respond differently to distressed kittens Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:37 AM PDT Female domestic cats adjust their response to kitten calls depending on how urgent they sound, according to a study. Independent of their own experience of raising kittens, female cats distinguish between kitten calls that convey different levels of urgency and react accordingly, researchers have found. Male cats do not adjust their response in similar ways.

In right balance, environmental regulations increased firms' profits, new study finds Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:37 AM PDT CEOs and corporate lobbyists often spend plenty of time decrying how potential government regulations will affect their bottom line, but a new study finds that the US Clean Water Act, when implemented in the right balance, improves firms' profitability.

Correcting metabolic deficiencies may improve depression symptoms Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:36 AM PDT Identifying and treating metabolic deficiencies in patients with treatment-resistant depression can improve symptoms and even lead to remission, report scientists.

Exercise can tackle symptoms of schizophrenia Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:36 AM PDT Aerobic exercise, such as treadmills and exercise bikes, in combination with their medication, can significantly help people coping with the long-term mental health condition schizophrenia, according to a new study.

New method cuts the cost of drug-building chemicals Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:36 AM PDT Scientists have designed a new method to cheaply produce some of the most important chemical compounds in the pharmaceutical industry -- the amines.

Venetoclax safe, shows promise in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:36 AM PDT Patients whose acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) had relapsed or was resistant to chemotherapy and those who were deemed unable to tolerate chemotherapy experienced responses to the selective BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax (Venclexta), with complete remissions in some, according to phase II clinical trial data.

Slicing through materials with a new X-ray imaging technique Posted: 12 Aug 2016 04:36 AM PDT Researchers have created a new imaging technique that allows scientists to probe the internal makeup of a battery during charging and discharging using different X-ray energies while rotating the battery cell. The technique produces a three-dimensional chemical map and lets the scientists track chemical reactions in the battery over time in working conditions.

High and low levels of ‘good cholesterol’ may cause premature death Posted: 11 Aug 2016 04:09 PM PDT Commonly touted as "good cholesterol" for helping to reduce risk of stroke and heart attack, both high and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol may increase a person's risk of premature death, according to new research. Conversely, intermediate HDL cholesterol levels may increase longevity, according to the research.

Study links child obesity at age 9-11 years to gestational diabetes in mother Posted: 11 Aug 2016 04:07 PM PDT New research shows an increased risk of childhood obesity at age 9-11 years when the mother has had gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Childhood obesity has increased dramatically in both developed and developing countries.

Virtual reality and treadmill training could help prevent falls in older adults Posted: 11 Aug 2016 04:07 PM PDT Combining virtual reality and treadmill training helps prevent falls in older adults better than treadmill training alone, according to a new randomized controlled trial. The authors say that the intervention, which combines the physical and cognitive aspects of walking, could potentially be used in gyms, rehabilitation centers or nursing homes to improve safe walking and prevent falls in older adults or people with disorders which affect movement such as Parkinson's disease.

Ten trillionths of your suntan comes from beyond our galaxy Posted: 11 Aug 2016 04:07 PM PDT Astronomers have accurately measured the light hitting the Earth from outside our galaxy and determined that 10 trillionths of your suntan comes from beyond our galaxy.

Strict blood pressure control may provide long-term benefits for kidney disease patients Posted: 11 Aug 2016 04:07 PM PDT In long-term analyses of two clinical trials that included patients with chronic kidney disease, a lower blood pressure target than the currently guideline-recommended goal of 140/90 mm Hg was safe and associated with protection against premature death.

RetroScope opens doors to the past in smart phone investigations Posted: 11 Aug 2016 02:16 PM PDT The increasing use of mobile technology in today's society has made information stored in the memory of smart phones just as important as evidence recovered from traditional crime scenes. Now researchers are working on a new technique to aid law enforcement in gathering data from smart phones when investigating crimes.

New microscopy system captures 'lost' fluorescence, improving resolution Posted: 11 Aug 2016 02:16 PM PDT Taking a cue from medical imaging, scientists have invented a multi-view microscope that captures higher-resolution, 3D images of live cells and tissues without upping the dose of potentially harmful radiation the specimens receive.

Lack of American engineers and scientists Posted: 11 Aug 2016 02:16 PM PDT A new study identifies factors that could lead more young students to successful careers in the science, technology, engineering and math fields.

Children score low on cardiovascular health measures Posted: 11 Aug 2016 02:16 PM PDT Most children are born with ideal cardiovascular health and promoting good heart health should begin at birth. While most children have ideal blood pressure, about 91 percent of American children have poor diets.

Burnout is caused by mismatch between unconscious needs and job demands Posted: 11 Aug 2016 02:16 PM PDT New research shows that burnout is caused by a mismatch between a person's unconscious needs and the opportunities and demands at the workplace. These results have implications for the prevention of job burnout.

Visitors concerned about Zika but still plan to travel to Florida, study shows Posted: 11 Aug 2016 01:00 PM PDT With more than 20 cases of non-travel related Zika reported in South Florida, tourists express more concern with travel to the state but still plan to come, a new study shows.

How did primate brains get so big? Posted: 11 Aug 2016 01:00 PM PDT Virtual brains reconstructed from ancient, kiwi-sized primate skulls could help resolve one of the most intriguing evolutionary mysteries: how modern primates developed large brains.

Backup plans may keep you from achieving your goal, research shows Posted: 11 Aug 2016 12:59 PM PDT When it comes to setting organizational and personal goals, making a backup plan has been seen as a sensible way to deal with uncertainty -- to be prepared if things don't go as expected. However, new research challenges that conventional wisdom.

Sequencing of fungal disease genomes may help prevent banana armageddon Posted: 11 Aug 2016 11:35 AM PDT Researchers have discovered how a group of three closely related fungal pathogens have evolved into a lethal threat to the world's bananas, whilst scientists have unraveled the DNA of the fungus that causes black Sigatoka disease in bananas.

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