ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Zika drug breakthrough
• Graphene key to growing two-dimensional semiconductor with extraordinary properties
• Bringing artificial enzymes closer to nature
• Milky Way had a blowout bash 6 million years ago
• Meteorite impact on a nano scale
• Why people with type O blood are more likely to die of cholera
• An imbalance in nutrients threatens plant biodiversity
• One in two users click on links from unknown senders
• Telemedicine could improve eye exam access for people with diabetes
• Doctors prescribe diabetes treatment medications 15 times more than obesity drugs
• Fair or unfair? Facial cues influence how social exclusion is judged
• Melanoma: mechanisms of BRAF-inhibitor resistance deciphered
• 'Multiplicative' Benefit of Cholesterol and Blood Pressure-Lowering on Cardiovascular Risk
• A few extra pounds can't hurt you -- or can they?
• Mediterranean diet associated with lower risk of early death in cardiovascular disease patients
• Defibrillators could save many more lives if associated with basic life support education
• Traffic accidents increased by 50 percent in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator
• iPads as effective as sedatives for children before operations
• Asthma care costs UK at least £1.1 billion each year, study shows
• Parkinson's study could pave way for early detection test
• The brain performs feats of math to make sense of the world
• Hunt for ninth planet reveals new extremely distant solar system objects
• Naciam: N-acetylcysteine offers a post-MI boost
• Nebivolol prevents anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity
• Up to 80 percent of heart failure patients denied therapy to reduce hospitalization and early death
• Heart failure in the elderly set to triple by 2060
• A better way to predict the weather on sea and over land
• MicroRNAs as Potential Link Between Obesity and Heart Disease
• Probing how CRISPR-Cas9 works

Zika drug breakthrough Posted: 29 Aug 2016 08:13 AM PDT Medical researchers have found existing drug compounds that can both stop Zika from replicating in the body and from damaging the crucial fetal brain cells that lead to birth defects in newborns. One of the drugs is already on the market as a treatment for tapeworm.

Graphene key to growing two-dimensional semiconductor with extraordinary properties Posted: 29 Aug 2016 08:12 AM PDT The first-ever growth of two-dimensional gallium nitride using graphene encapsulation could lead to applications in deep ultraviolet lasers, next-generation electronics and sensors.

Bringing artificial enzymes closer to nature Posted: 29 Aug 2016 08:12 AM PDT Scientists have developed an artificial metalloenzyme that catalyses a reaction inside of cells without equivalent in nature. This could be a prime example for creating new non-natural metabolic pathways inside living cells.

Milky Way had a blowout bash 6 million years ago Posted: 29 Aug 2016 08:11 AM PDT The center of the Milky Way galaxy is currently a quiet place where a supermassive black hole slumbers, only occasionally slurping small sips of hydrogen gas. But it wasn't always this way. A new study shows that 6 million years ago, when the first human ancestors known as hominins walked the Earth, our galaxy's core blazed forth furiously. The evidence for this active phase came from a search for the galaxy's missing mass.

Meteorite impact on a nano scale Posted: 29 Aug 2016 08:11 AM PDT Trenches, craters and hillocks: shapes and structures which are observed after meteorite impacts can also be found on a nanoscale, when crystals are bombarded with heavy ions. Understanding the physics of those nano-impacts helps scientists to create new nanostructures and to understand problems with electronics under extreme conditions -- for instance computer chips in space.

Why people with type O blood are more likely to die of cholera Posted: 29 Aug 2016 07:59 AM PDT People with blood type O get sicker from cholera than people of other blood types. Researchers have found that cholera toxin activates a key molecule more strongly in people with blood type O than type A, possibly worsening symptoms.

An imbalance in nutrients threatens plant biodiversity Posted: 29 Aug 2016 07:57 AM PDT An unnatural balance of nutrients threatens biodiversity in a survival of the fittest scenario, according to new research. A global network of researchers who have tested the impact increased nutrient levels is having on grasslands across six continents.

One in two users click on links from unknown senders Posted: 29 Aug 2016 07:49 AM PDT Most people know that e-mails and facebook messages from unknown senders can contain dangerous links. However, many users still click on them and researchers have investigated why. The results: up to 56 percent of e-mail recipients and around 40 percent of Facebook users clicked on a link from an unknown sender although they knew of the risks of their computer becoming infected with a virus. And the main reason? Curiosity.

Telemedicine could improve eye exam access for people with diabetes Posted: 29 Aug 2016 06:56 AM PDT People with diabetes need vision screening every year to prevent blindness. What if the eye doctor came to them?

Doctors prescribe diabetes treatment medications 15 times more than obesity drugs Posted: 29 Aug 2016 06:56 AM PDT Obesity is a well-established major risk factor for developing diabetes, with almost 90% of people living with type 2 diabetes having obesity or overweight. Even with the close tie between obesity and type 2 diabetes, new research shows that healthcare clinicians prescribe 15 times more antidiabetes medications than those for obesity. Although six antiobesity medications are now approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating obesity when combined with a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity, this research points out that only 2% of the eligible 46% of the U.S. adult population is receiving these medications.

Fair or unfair? Facial cues influence how social exclusion is judged Posted: 29 Aug 2016 06:50 AM PDT People are often excluded from social groups. Whether uninvolved observers find this acceptable or not may depend on the facial appearances of those excluded. The exclusion of cold and incompetent looking people is more likely to be accepted.

Melanoma: mechanisms of BRAF-inhibitor resistance deciphered Posted: 29 Aug 2016 06:43 AM PDT BRAF mutation occurs in between 40% and 50% of metastasising melanomas (skin cancers), boosting tumour growth. Patients with metastasising melanomas and who display BRAF mutation can be treated with an inhibitor that acts specifically against BRAF mutation (BRAF inhibitor in combination with MEK inhibitor). Initially the treatment is extremely effective but, after a maximum of 11 months, the patient becomes resistant to it. Researchers have now identified some of the mechanisms that might cause this resistance.

'Multiplicative' Benefit of Cholesterol and Blood Pressure-Lowering on Cardiovascular Risk Posted: 29 Aug 2016 06:43 AM PDT Long-term exposure to the combination of even modestly lower LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) has the potential to "dramatically reduce" a person's lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease, according to new findings.

A few extra pounds can't hurt you -- or can they? Posted: 29 Aug 2016 06:40 AM PDT Being overweight increases the chances of premature death . This statement is backed by a four-continent effort involving 239 studies and data from 10.6 million people. The study -- one of the largest to date -- runs counter to the results of a 2013 paper in the Journal of the American Medical Association, which found that being overweight actually adds to one's lifespan.

Mediterranean diet associated with lower risk of early death in cardiovascular disease patients Posted: 29 Aug 2016 06:40 AM PDT The Mediterranean diet is associated with a reduced risk of death in patients with a history of cardiovascular disease, according to results from the observational study.

Defibrillators could save many more lives if associated with basic life support education Posted: 29 Aug 2016 06:40 AM PDT Automatic external defibrillators fail to save lives when the public does not have basic life support education, according to new research. The study found that public access defibrillation programs are unevenly deployed across France, with an obvious impact on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival rate.

Traffic accidents increased by 50 percent in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator Posted: 29 Aug 2016 06:40 AM PDT The risk of traffic accidents is increased by 50 percent in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator compared to age and gender matched controls, according to a Danish nationwide registry study.

iPads as effective as sedatives for children before operations Posted: 29 Aug 2016 06:40 AM PDT New research shows that allowing children to use iPads to distract them before surgery requiring general anesthesia is as effective at lowering their anxiety as conventional sedatives.

Asthma care costs UK at least £1.1 billion each year, study shows Posted: 29 Aug 2016 06:40 AM PDT Asthma costs the UK health service at least 1.1 billion pounds each year, research has estimated.

Parkinson's study could pave way for early detection test Posted: 29 Aug 2016 06:40 AM PDT A test that can detect Parkinson's disease in the early stages of the illness has moved a step closer.

The brain performs feats of math to make sense of the world Posted: 29 Aug 2016 06:40 AM PDT Researchers have found that the brain is quite good at rapidly and subconsciously calculating the likelihood of various events, and remain flexible enough to account for new information. They traced these abilities to a region of the brain located just behind our eyes known as the orbitofrontal cortex.

Hunt for ninth planet reveals new extremely distant solar system objects Posted: 29 Aug 2016 06:32 AM PDT In the race to discover a proposed ninth planet in our Solar System, researchers have observed several never-before-seen objects at extreme distances from the Sun in our Solar System.

Naciam: N-acetylcysteine offers a post-MI boost Posted: 28 Aug 2016 06:01 AM PDT The addition of intravenous (IV) N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to IV glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) significantly reduced infarct size by approximately one third in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI), according to Hot Line research reported here.

Nebivolol prevents anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity Posted: 28 Aug 2016 05:58 AM PDT Nebivolol prevents anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity, according to new research.

Up to 80 percent of heart failure patients denied therapy to reduce hospitalization and early death Posted: 28 Aug 2016 05:58 AM PDT A study in nearly 15,000 heart failure patients has found that up to 80 percent may not be receiving treatment at doses proven to reduce hospitalizations and improve survival. The research highlights the need for doctors to ensure patients are treated appropriately so that the high levels of serious illnesses and death associated with heart failure can be reduced.

Heart failure in the elderly set to triple by 2060 Posted: 28 Aug 2016 05:58 AM PDT Heart failure in the elderly is set to triple by 2060, according to new data.

A better way to predict the weather on sea and over land Posted: 26 Aug 2016 01:21 PM PDT Scientists have made new updates to old technology that will enable weather forecasters to make improved predictions of severe weather.

MicroRNAs as Potential Link Between Obesity and Heart Disease Posted: 26 Aug 2016 12:17 PM PDT Results from a new study suggest that small molecules known as microRNAs may be part of the pathway connecting inflammation with increased heart disease risk in obese people.

Probing how CRISPR-Cas9 works Posted: 26 Aug 2016 12:15 PM PDT A new study reveals important new details about the inner workings of the CRISPR-Cas9 machinery in live cells that may have implications for the development of therapeutics that use the powerful gene editing tool.

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