ScienceDaily: Top News

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• New pathways to treat non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease discovered
• Study provides new focus for developing drugs to fight cancer
• Neutrons identify key ingredients of the quantum spin liquid recipe
• Lending a hand: Student 3d prints functional, affordable prosthetic
• User-friendly medication packaging design can boost patient safety
• Cow gene study shows why most clones fail
• Economic stress played role in increasing U.S. death rate
• Aggressive form of leukemia linked to defective 'protein factory'
• Oxytocin improves synchronization in leader-follower interaction
• Older women with breast cancer report better cosmetic satisfaction with less radiation, less surgery
• A step to understanding polymorphs
• Wind turbines may have beneficial effects for crops, research suggests
• Clarifying the behaviors of negative hydrogen ions
• Rock layers preserve record of ancient sea tides near Blythe, California
• Key regulator of bone development identified
• Running actually lowers inflammation in knee joints
• Air pollution impairs function of blood vessels in lungs
• Beans and peas increase fullness more than meat
• Researchers watch biomolecules at work
• Breast cancer patients could benefit from controversial hormone
• Naturally occurring symptoms may be mistaken for tamoxifen side-effects
• Can you unconsciously forget an experience?
• Can you sneeze with your eyes open?
• 'Hyper-starburst' galaxy churns out stars, clues to universe’s evolution
• Trapdoor spiders disappearing from Australian landscape
• Climate change likely caused deadly 2016 avalanche in Tibet
• Environmental DNA effectively monitors aquatic species populations
• Damaged seaweed can recover
• Cloud formation: How feldspar acts as ice nucleus
• Less fragmentation in muzzleloading and black powder cartridge rifles
• Shooting, gang violence exposure leads to PTSD
• An anti-CRISPR for gene editing
• Does prostate cancer screening matter? Prostate cancer patients more likely to die of other diseases
• Chemical trickery corrals 'hyperactive' metal-oxide cluster
• Soil fertility: Global map of soil pH
• Electron highway inside crystal

New pathways to treat non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease discovered Posted: 09 Dec 2016 03:48 PM PST Researchers have discovered a new pathway in the liver that opens the door to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, a condition that affects up to 25 percent of the population and may lead to cirrhosis and eventually liver cancer or failure, and likely other liver diseases.

Study provides new focus for developing drugs to fight cancer Posted: 09 Dec 2016 03:48 PM PST Cancer researchers and drug companies may have been too quick to ignore a promising line of inquiry that targets a specific cell protein, according to a research team.

Neutrons identify key ingredients of the quantum spin liquid recipe Posted: 09 Dec 2016 03:48 PM PST Researchers used neutrons to examine the origins of unusual magnetic behavior in a rare earth-based metal oxide, ytterbium-magnesium-gallium-tetraoxide (YbMgGaO4). The material, discovered in 2015, is known to have strange magnetic properties, putting it in a unique category of materials classified as quantum spin liquids.

Lending a hand: Student 3d prints functional, affordable prosthetic Posted: 09 Dec 2016 03:43 PM PST A physics student adapted open source plans for a prosthetic hand to build a highly functional, affordable prosthetic, outlines a new report.

User-friendly medication packaging design can boost patient safety Posted: 09 Dec 2016 03:43 PM PST Improvements to text size and placement and color scheme could help consumers – especially the elderly – discriminate medication ingredients to avoid inadvertent overdoses.

Cow gene study shows why most clones fail Posted: 09 Dec 2016 03:43 PM PST It has been 20 years since Dolly the sheep was successfully cloned in Scotland, but cloning mammals remains a challenge. A new study of gene expression in developing clones now shows why most cloned embryos likely fail.

Economic stress played role in increasing U.S. death rate Posted: 09 Dec 2016 11:49 AM PST Greater stress and anxiety resulting from economic insecurity may be at least partly to blame for the U.S. death rate that the government has increased for the first time in a decade, says an expert on poverty and inequality.

Aggressive form of leukemia linked to defective 'protein factory' Posted: 09 Dec 2016 11:47 AM PST 20 to 40 percent of the patients with multiple myeloma -- a type of leukemia -- have a defect in the ribosome, the protein factory of the cell. These patients have a poorer prognosis than patients with intact ribosomes. At the same time, they respond better to a drug that already exists, report investigators.

Oxytocin improves synchronization in leader-follower interaction Posted: 09 Dec 2016 11:47 AM PST A new study shows that participants receiving oxytocin -- a hormone known to promote social bonding - are more synchronized when finger-tapping together, than participants receiving placebo. This effect was observed when pairs of participants, placed in separate rooms tapped together in a leader/follower relationship.

Older women with breast cancer report better cosmetic satisfaction with less radiation, less surgery Posted: 09 Dec 2016 09:58 AM PST In the first study evaluating patient-reported cosmetic outcomes in a population-based cohort of older women with breast cancer, researchers found that less radiation was associated with improved cosmetic satisfaction long-term.

A step to understanding polymorphs Posted: 09 Dec 2016 09:17 AM PST Scientists have looked at some of the organizing principles behind crystal structures with high Z'. This study lies at the very heart of understanding and being able to control properties of molecular structures.

Wind turbines may have beneficial effects for crops, research suggests Posted: 09 Dec 2016 08:17 AM PST Turbulence created by wind turbines may help corn and soybeans by influencing variables such as temperature and carbon dioxide concentration, according to research. The project drew on data generated by research towers set up on a 200-turbine wind farm in Iowa.

Clarifying the behaviors of negative hydrogen ions Posted: 09 Dec 2016 07:04 AM PST Scientists has succeeded in revealing the flow of negative hydrogen ions using a combination of infrared lasers and electrostatic probes in the ion-source plasma, which generates a negative-hydrogen-ion beam. This is the first time in the field of fusion research that the detailed ion flow, which changes direction and moves toward the beam direction in the ion source, has been demonstrated experimentally.

Rock layers preserve record of ancient sea tides near Blythe, California Posted: 09 Dec 2016 07:04 AM PST Five million years ago, the Colorado River met the Gulf of California near the present-day desert town of Blythe, California. The evidence, say geologists, is in the sedimentary rocks exposed at the edges of the valley where the river flows today.

Key regulator of bone development identified Posted: 09 Dec 2016 07:02 AM PST Loss of a key protein has been discovered as the event that leads to defects in skeletal development, including reduced bone density and a shortening of the fingers and toes -- a new potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of bone diseases such as osteoporosis.

Running actually lowers inflammation in knee joints Posted: 09 Dec 2016 07:02 AM PST We all know that running causes a bit of inflammation and soreness, and that's just the price you pay for cardiovascular health. You know; no pain, no gain. Well, maybe not. New research from exercise science professors finds that pro-inflammatory molecules actually go down in the knee joint after running.

Air pollution impairs function of blood vessels in lungs Posted: 09 Dec 2016 07:02 AM PST Air pollution impairs the function of blood vessels in the lungs, according to a study in more than 16,000 patients.

Beans and peas increase fullness more than meat Posted: 09 Dec 2016 07:02 AM PST Meals based on legumes such as beans and peas are more satiating than pork and veal-based meals according to a recent study. Results suggest that sustainable eating may also help with weight loss.

Researchers watch biomolecules at work Posted: 09 Dec 2016 07:02 AM PST Scientists have succeeded in observing an important cell protein at work. To do this, they used a method that allows to measure structural changes within complex molecules. The further developed procedure makes it possible to elucidate such processes in the cell, i.e. in the natural environment. The researchers are also providing a tool kit, which allows a wide range of molecules to be measured.

Breast cancer patients could benefit from controversial hormone Posted: 09 Dec 2016 07:01 AM PST An international team of researchers is tackling the controversy over what some scientists consider to be a 'harmful' hormone, arguing that it could be a game changer in the fight against recurring breast cancers that are resistant to standard treatments.

Naturally occurring symptoms may be mistaken for tamoxifen side-effects Posted: 09 Dec 2016 07:00 AM PST Women taking tamoxifen to prevent breast cancer were less likely to continue taking the drug if they suffered nausea and vomiting, according to new data.

Can you unconsciously forget an experience? Posted: 09 Dec 2016 05:11 AM PST Wanting to squash not-so-great memories is human nature, but is it possible to intentionally forget a traumatic experience?

Can you sneeze with your eyes open? Posted: 09 Dec 2016 05:10 AM PST The changing weather brings about many things: holiday excitement, a different wardrobe and -- perhaps most annoyingly -- cold and flu season. Those around you have likely been sneezing more frequently, which may have prompted you to ponder if it is possible to sneeze with your eyes open.

'Hyper-starburst' galaxy churns out stars, clues to universe’s evolution Posted: 09 Dec 2016 05:10 AM PST A recently discovered galaxy is undergoing an extraordinary boom of stellar construction.

Trapdoor spiders disappearing from Australian landscape Posted: 09 Dec 2016 05:08 AM PST Recent surveys by Australian scientists have identified an apparent significant decline in the numbers of trapdoor spiders across southern Australia.

Climate change likely caused deadly 2016 avalanche in Tibet Posted: 09 Dec 2016 05:08 AM PST On July 17, 2016, more than 70 million tons of ice broke off from the Aru glacier in the mountains of western Tibet and tumbled into a valley below, taking the lives of nine nomadic yak herders living there. Researchers conducted a kind of forensic analysis of the disaster, and the cause was likely climate change.

Environmental DNA effectively monitors aquatic species populations Posted: 09 Dec 2016 05:06 AM PST Environmental DNA (eDNA), the nuclear or mitochondrial DNA shed from an organism into its environment, is a rapidly evolving tool for monitoring the distribution of aquatic species. A new study discusses the ability of eDNA to accurately predict the presence, relative abundance, and biomass of wild Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations.

Damaged seaweed can recover Posted: 09 Dec 2016 05:06 AM PST Seaweed, which is vital for marine life, is disappearing throughout the world at an alarming rate. Different currents and wave patterns can bring about recovery, but more research is needed, suggests a new study.

Cloud formation: How feldspar acts as ice nucleus Posted: 09 Dec 2016 05:06 AM PST In the atmosphere, feldspar particles act as ice nuclei that make ice crystals grow in clouds and enable precipitation. The reason was found with the help of electron microscopy observations and molecular dynamics computer modeling. The ice nucleus proper is a quasi-hidden crystal surface of the feldspar that is exposed at surface defects only. The researchers present their findings that are of major relevance to the understanding of cloud and precipitation formation in Science.

Less fragmentation in muzzleloading and black powder cartridge rifles Posted: 08 Dec 2016 12:19 PM PST A new study found that traditional bullets for muzzleloading rifles and black powder rifle cartridges fragment less upon impact and may leave far fewer lead fragments in game than a modern high-velocity rifle bullet.

Shooting, gang violence exposure leads to PTSD Posted: 08 Dec 2016 12:19 PM PST The violence that women in disadvantaged neighborhoods experience and witness can result in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and full diagnoses, according to a new study that examined a disadvantaged Chicago neighborhood.

An anti-CRISPR for gene editing Posted: 08 Dec 2016 11:35 AM PST Researchers have discovered a way to program cells to inhibit CRISPR-Cas9 activity. 'Anti-CRISPR' proteins had previously been isolated from viruses that infect bacteria, but now scientists report three families of proteins that turn off CRISPR systems specifically used for gene editing. The work offers a new strategy to prevent CRISPR-Cas9 technology from making unwanted changes.

Does prostate cancer screening matter? Prostate cancer patients more likely to die of other diseases Posted: 08 Dec 2016 11:35 AM PST Starting in 1993 and ending in 2001, ten academic medical centers in the United States screened 76,685 men and 78,216 women for prostate, lung, colorectal and ovarian cancers. The question was whether yearly screening could catch cancers early and thus decrease mortality from these diseases. Fifteen-year follow-up results focusing on prostate cancer show little difference in mortality between men screened annually and the control group, some of whom chose to be screened occasionally. According to researchers, the results don't necessarily negate the value of prostate cancer screening, but imply that within the data of this massive trial are clues that inform personalized decisions for subsets of this prostate cancer population.

Chemical trickery corrals 'hyperactive' metal-oxide cluster Posted: 08 Dec 2016 11:35 AM PST After decades of eluding researchers because of chemical instability, key metal-oxide clusters have been isolated in water, a significant advance for growing the clusters with the impeccable control over atoms that's required to manufacture small features in electronic circuits.

Soil fertility: Global map of soil pH Posted: 08 Dec 2016 11:34 AM PST Researchers create a global map of soil pH and illuminate how it changes between wet and dry climates.

Electron highway inside crystal Posted: 08 Dec 2016 11:13 AM PST Physicists have made an astonishing discovery in a specific type of topological insulators. They were able to detect new electronic states of matter in these insulators. The effect is due to the structure of the materials used.

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