ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Cooling technique helps researchers 'target' a major component for a new collider
• What makes your voice yours?
• Fast, efficient sperm tails inspire nanobiotechnology
• Evaluation of scientific rigor in animal research
• Names and symbols of four newly discovered elements announced
• Link found between antidepressant use and congenital anomalies or stillbirths
• High-precision magnetic field sensing
• Portions of the brain fall asleep and wake back up all the time
• New minimally invasive device to treat cancer and other illnesses
• Adrenaline rush: Delaying epinephrine shots after cardiac arrest cuts survival rates
• Radiation-free approach to imaging molecules in the brain
• Shape matters when light meets atom
• Flower forms in the primrose: Biologists unlock 51.7-million-year-old genetic secret to landmark Darwin theory
• Phantom movements in augmented reality helps patients with chronic intractable phantom limb pain
• Phase I trial shows that a drug that inhibits the Notch signalling process is active in a range of advanced cancers
• Advanced soft tissue sarcomas respond to a combination of a new and an existing anti-cancer drug
• Climate change will drive stronger, smaller storms in U.S., new modeling approach forecasts
• Large-scale changes in insect species inhabiting streams and rivers
• What do Netflix, Google and planetary systems have in common?
• Increased UVB exposure associated with reduced risk of nearsightedness, particularly in teens, young

Cooling technique helps researchers 'target' a major component for a new collider Posted: 02 Dec 2016 12:08 PM PST Researchers have recently developed a new ultra-low-friction sliding contact mechanism that uses chilled water to remove heat from a key component of a next-generation collider.

What makes your voice yours? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 12:07 PM PST What are the characteristics of the way you say, "hello," (or anything else for that matter) that makes you recognizable over the phone? Despite the increasing amount of literature on personal voice quality, very little is actually known about how to characterize the sound of an individual speaker.

Fast, efficient sperm tails inspire nanobiotechnology Posted: 02 Dec 2016 12:07 PM PST Just like workers in a factory, enzymes can create a final product more efficiently if they are stuck together in one place and pass the raw material from enzyme to enzyme, assembly line-style. That's according to scientists who have recreated a 10-step biological pathway with all the enzymes tethered to nanoparticles.

Evaluation of scientific rigor in animal research Posted: 02 Dec 2016 12:07 PM PST The "reproducibility crisis" in biomedical research has led to questions about the scientific rigor in animal research, and thus the ethical justification of animal experiments. In new research, scientists have assessed scientific rigor in animal experimentation in Switzerland. The study found widespread deficiencies in the reporting of experimental methodology.

Names and symbols of four newly discovered elements announced Posted: 02 Dec 2016 09:36 AM PST The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry has approved the name and symbols for four elements: nihonium (Nh), moscovium (Mc), tennessine (Ts), and oganesson (Og), respectively for element 113, 115, 117, and 118. The exploration of new elements continues, and scientists are searching for elements beyond the seventh row of the periodic table.

Link found between antidepressant use and congenital anomalies or stillbirths Posted: 02 Dec 2016 07:35 AM PST Pregnant women who take a specific type of antidepressant in early pregnancy have a small but significantly greater risk of having babies with major congenital anomalies (sometimes referred to as birth defects) or stillbirths compared with those who did not take these antidepressants, suggests a dose-response analysis.

High-precision magnetic field sensing Posted: 02 Dec 2016 07:32 AM PST Researchers have succeeded in measuring tiny changes in strong magnetic fields with unprecedented precision. In their experiments, the scientists magnetized a water droplet inside a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner, a device that is used for medical imaging. The researchers were able to detect even the tiniest variations of the magnetic field strength within the droplet. These changes were up to a trillion times smaller than the seven tesla field strength of the MRI scanner used in the experiment.

Portions of the brain fall asleep and wake back up all the time Posted: 02 Dec 2016 07:13 AM PST When we are in a deep slumber our brain's activity ebbs and flows in big, obvious waves, like watching a tide of human bodies rise up and sit down around a sports stadium. It's hard to miss. Now, researchers have found, those same cycles exist in wake as in sleep, but with only small sections sitting and standing in unison rather than the entire stadium. It's as if tiny portions of the brain are independently falling asleep and waking back up all the time.

New minimally invasive device to treat cancer and other illnesses Posted: 02 Dec 2016 07:12 AM PST A new device that could revolutionize the delivery of medicine to treat cancer as well as a host of other diseases and ailments has been outlined in a new report.

Adrenaline rush: Delaying epinephrine shots after cardiac arrest cuts survival rates Posted: 02 Dec 2016 07:12 AM PST Hospitals in which the administration of epinephrine to patients whose hearts have stopped is delayed beyond five minutes have significantly lower survival rates of those patients, a new study.

Radiation-free approach to imaging molecules in the brain Posted: 02 Dec 2016 07:05 AM PST Scientists hoping to get a glimpse of molecules that control brain activity have devised a new probe that allows them to image these molecules without using any chemical or radioactive labels.

Shape matters when light meets atom Posted: 02 Dec 2016 04:48 AM PST Mapping the interaction of a single atom with a single photon may inform design of quantum devices, report scientists in a new article.

Flower forms in the primrose: Biologists unlock 51.7-million-year-old genetic secret to landmark Darwin theory Posted: 02 Dec 2016 04:48 AM PST Scientists have identified the cluster of genes responsible for reproductive traits in the common primrose flower (Primula vulgaris), first noted as important by Charles Darwin more than 150 years ago. Darwin hypothesized that some plant species with two distinct forms of flower, where male and female reproductive organs were of differing lengths, had evolved that way to promote out-crossing by insect pollinators.

Phantom movements in augmented reality helps patients with chronic intractable phantom limb pain Posted: 01 Dec 2016 06:22 PM PST A novel method of treating phantom limb pain has been developed using machine learning and augmented reality. This approach has been tested on over a dozen of amputees with chronic phantom limb pain who found no relief by other clinically available methods before. The new treatment reduced their pain by approximately 50 per cent, reports a clinical study.

Phase I trial shows that a drug that inhibits the Notch signalling process is active in a range of advanced cancers Posted: 01 Dec 2016 06:22 PM PST A new anti-cancer drug that inhibits a key cell signalling process involved in many different cancers has shown that it is capable of stopping the progression of cancer and shrinking tumors. Importantly, it has been able to do this in rare cancers that are less well-studied such as adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Advanced soft tissue sarcomas respond to a combination of a new and an existing anti-cancer drug Posted: 01 Dec 2016 06:22 PM PST Researchers working to find effective treatments for soft tissue sarcomas have discovered that combining a new anti-cancer drug with an existing one kills cancer cells not only in the laboratory but also in the first two patients treated with it, leading to unusually long-lasting periods without the disease progressing.

Climate change will drive stronger, smaller storms in U.S., new modeling approach forecasts Posted: 01 Dec 2016 02:23 PM PST The effects of climate change will likely cause smaller but stronger storms in the United States, according to a new framework for modeling storm behavior. Though storm intensity is expected to increase over today's levels, the predicted reduction in storm size may alleviate some fears of widespread severe flooding in the future.

Large-scale changes in insect species inhabiting streams and rivers Posted: 01 Dec 2016 01:56 PM PST The frequencies of occurrence of hundreds of insect species inhabiting streams have been altered relative to the conditions that existed prior to wide spread pollution and habitat alteration, American scientists have discovered. Results were similar for the two study regions (the Mid-Atlantic Highlands and North Carolina), where frequencies of occurrence for more than 70 percent of species have shifted.

What do Netflix, Google and planetary systems have in common? Posted: 01 Dec 2016 01:55 PM PST Machine learning is a powerful tool used for a variety of tasks in modern life, from fraud detection and sorting spam in Google, to making movie recommendations on Netflix. Now a team of researchers has developed a novel approach in using it to determine whether planetary systems are stable or not.

Increased UVB exposure associated with reduced risk of nearsightedness, particularly in teens, young Posted: 01 Dec 2016 08:49 AM PST Higher ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation exposure, directly related to time outdoors and sunlight exposure, was associated with reduced odds of myopia (nearsightedness), and exposure to UVB between ages 14 and 29 years was associated with the highest reduction in odds of adult myopia.

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