ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Wall-jumping robot is most vertically agile ever built
• Want to give a good gift? Think past the 'big reveal'
• Ice age vertebrates had mixed responses to climate change
• Scientists improve predictions of how temperature affects the survival of fish embryos
• Sea ice hit record lows in November
• Improving child-teacher interactions can reduce preschoolers' stress levels
• Happy salmon swim better
• Scientist uses clam shells to help build 1,000-year record of ocean climate
• Predicting unpredictability: Information theory offers new way to read ice cores
• How to turn white fat brown
• Inactive lifestyle linked to ozone-related lung disease
• Researchers uncover new evidence linking inflammation and increased prostate cancer risk
• Uterine microbiota play a key role in implantation and pregnancy success in in vitro fertilization
• Lung cancer: Protein as potential tool for predicting survival
• Improving the resolution of lithography
• New telescope chip offers clear view of alien planets
• Fish fossils reveal how tails evolved, professor finds
• Researchers find overwhelming evidence of malaria's existence 2,000 years ago
• Birds flying through laser light reveal faults in flight research, study shows
• Experimental insecticide explodes mosquitoes, not honeybees
• New compound targets TB bacterium's defense against the immune system
• Past misdeeds haunt relationships when they feel recent, study finds
• Safer, less vulnerable software is the goal of new computer publication
• The Goldilocks effect in aging research
• Small but mighty: Tiny proteins with big roles in biology
• Game changer for organic solar cells
• Using the force: Powerful new technique reveals mechanical environment of cells in their natural habitat, the living embryo
• Snow data from satellites improves temperature predictions, researchers show
• Simple processing technique could cut cost of organic PV and wearable electronics
• Direct link between REM sleep loss, desire for sugary and fatty foods discovered
• Study of wild plants contribute to understanding of high risks associated with a warming climate
• Growing mosquito populations linked to urbanization, DDT's slow decay
• Missing 1-2 hours of sleep doubles crash risk
• Brain blocks new memory formation on waking to safeguard consolidation of existing memories
• East Asian dust deposition impacts on marine biological productivity
• Protein that promotes 'cell-suicide' could revolutionize eye cancer treatment
• The balancing act: An enzyme that links endocytosis to membrane recycling
• Speed data for the brain's navigation system
• No peeking: Humans play computer game using only direct brain stimulation
• Plug in for renewable energy
• Resilience: A small, quiet word with huge alcohol use disorder implications
• Pathway linked to slower aging also fuels brain cancer
• Combination immune therapy shows promise against Hodgkin lymphoma
• Honey bee teenagers speed up the aging process of their elders
• Scientists show NLRP2 protein's role in maintaining fertility later in life
• How tequila could be key in our battle against climate change
• What happens in the cell nucleus after fertilization?
• Scientists find mechanism behind side effects in vision-loss treatment
• Immunotherapy shows promise in preventing leukemia relapse
• Economic burden of treatment for diffuse large b-cell lymphoma
• Female lemurs with color vision provide advantages for their group
• Protecting babies from eczema with low-cost Vaseline
• New led display lights help improve taste of milk, researchers find
• New survey shows only half of people plan to get flu shots this year
• Designer switches of cell fate could streamline stem cell biology
• Geoscientists size-up early dinosaurs, find surprising variation
• New, more effective strategy for producing flu vaccines
• Study reveals more individuals may have 'masked' hypertension than thought
• Secrets of the Paleo diet: Archeological discovery reveals plant-based menu of prehistoric humans
• Researchers uncover possible source of genetic error behind a dozen debilitating diseases

Wall-jumping robot is most vertically agile ever built Posted: 06 Dec 2016 11:27 AM PST Roboticists have designed a small robot that can leap into the air and then spring off a wall, or perform multiple vertical jumps in a row, resulting in the highest robotic vertical jumping agility ever recorded.

Want to give a good gift? Think past the 'big reveal' Posted: 06 Dec 2016 11:26 AM PST Gift givers often make critical errors in gift selection during the holiday season, according to a new research article. The research suggests that gift givers tend to focus on the moment of exchange when selecting a gift, whereas gift recipients are more focused on the long-term utility or practical attributes of the gift.

Ice age vertebrates had mixed responses to climate change Posted: 06 Dec 2016 11:26 AM PST New research examines how vertebrate species in the eastern United States ranging from snakes to mammals to birds responded to climate change over the last 500,000 years. The study reveals that contrary to expectation, the massive glaciers that expanded and contracted across the region affected animal populations in different ways at different times. The analysis provides a window into how animals might react to any kind of climate change, whether glacial cycles or global warming.

Scientists improve predictions of how temperature affects the survival of fish embryos Posted: 06 Dec 2016 11:26 AM PST Researchers found the thermal tolerance of Chinook salmon embryos in the Sacramento River is much lower than expected from laboratory studies. Exploring the cause of this discrepancy led to new insights into how egg size and water flow affect the survival of fish eggs.

Sea ice hit record lows in November Posted: 06 Dec 2016 11:26 AM PST Unusually high air temperatures and a warm ocean have led to a record low Arctic sea ice extent for November, according to scientists. In the Southern Hemisphere, Antarctic sea ice extent also hit a record low for the month, caused by moderately warm temperatures and a rapid shift in circumpolar winds.

Improving child-teacher interactions can reduce preschoolers' stress levels Posted: 06 Dec 2016 11:26 AM PST A school-based intervention that promotes warm and caring interactions between a teacher and child can reduce the child's stress in the classroom, a new study has found.

Happy salmon swim better Posted: 06 Dec 2016 11:25 AM PST What makes young salmon decide to leave their rivers and head out to Sea has been a hot topic for decades now. Current research shows that the young salmon's desire to migrate can partly be limited by anxiety.

Scientist uses clam shells to help build 1,000-year record of ocean climate Posted: 06 Dec 2016 09:53 AM PST Scientists have sorted and studied thousands of clam shells to build a 1,000-year record of ocean conditions and climate changes at a spot just off North Iceland.

Predicting unpredictability: Information theory offers new way to read ice cores Posted: 06 Dec 2016 09:53 AM PST A new technique based in information theory promises to improve researchers' ability to interpret ice core samples and our understanding of Earth's climate history.

How to turn white fat brown Posted: 06 Dec 2016 09:52 AM PST The browning program in white fat cells is normally suppressed by a protein called FLCN, researchers have found. It performs this function in cooperation with a major cellular signaling hub, a protein complex known as mTOR. Harnessing this knowledge may one day provide the key to better treatments for obesity.

Inactive lifestyle linked to ozone-related lung disease Posted: 06 Dec 2016 09:52 AM PST An inactive lifestyle may increase the risk of environmentally induced asthma symptoms. In a new study, researchers found that sedentary rats exposed to varying degrees of ozone, a type of air pollution, had higher markers for chronic disease when compared to counterparts that were more active.

Researchers uncover new evidence linking inflammation and increased prostate cancer risk Posted: 06 Dec 2016 09:52 AM PST Researchers have discovered a previously unrecognized type of progenitor cell that, though rare in most regions of the human prostate, is found in uncommonly high numbers in inflamed areas of the gland. These progenitor cells have the ability to initiate prostate cancer in response to genetic changes. New study results suggest inflammation increases overall risk for the disease by increasing the available pool of progenitor cells that can develop into prostate cancer.

Uterine microbiota play a key role in implantation and pregnancy success in in vitro fertilization Posted: 06 Dec 2016 09:47 AM PST Endometrial microbiota (bacteria in the uterine cavity) play an important role in determining whether women are able to get pregnant via in vitro fertilization (IVF), according to a new study.

Lung cancer: Protein as potential tool for predicting survival Posted: 06 Dec 2016 09:47 AM PST The biomarker PD-1, a protein, could potentially be used to predict survival or disease-free survival of lung cancer patients who have had the tumour surgically removed, a new study has concluded.

Improving the resolution of lithography Posted: 06 Dec 2016 09:47 AM PST Flow-lithography is a lithographic method for continuously generating polymer microstructures for various applications such as bioassays, drug-delivery, cell carriers, tissue engineering and authentication. A team of researchers has demonstrated the use of a wobulation technique to enhance the resolution of flow lithography produced nanostructures.

New telescope chip offers clear view of alien planets Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:17 AM PST Scientists have developed a new optical chip for a telescope that enables astronomers to have a clear view of alien planets that may support life.

Fish fossils reveal how tails evolved, professor finds Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:17 AM PST A paleobiologist's study reveals that the tails of fish and the tails of tetrapods, or four-limbed animals, are entirely distinct structures, with different evolutionary histories.

Researchers find overwhelming evidence of malaria's existence 2,000 years ago Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:17 AM PST An analysis of 2,000-year-old human remains from several regions across the Italian peninsula has confirmed the presence of malaria during the Roman Empire, addressing a longstanding debate about its pervasiveness in this ancient civilization.

Birds flying through laser light reveal faults in flight research, study shows Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:17 AM PST Parrotlets flying through a field of lasers and microparticles helped test three popular models that predict the lift generated by flying animals. The work could help develop better flying robots.

Experimental insecticide explodes mosquitoes, not honeybees Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:17 AM PST Entomologists report an experimental molecule that inhibits kidney function in mosquitoes and thus might provide a new way to control the deadliest animal on Earth.

New compound targets TB bacterium's defense against the immune system Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:16 AM PST Chemists have developed a compound that could enable a new drug strategy for treating tuberculosis, report scientists in a new report.

Past misdeeds haunt relationships when they feel recent, study finds Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:16 AM PST If a partner's past transgression feels like it happened yesterday, even if it didn't, you are more likely to remember it during new, unrelated arguments, according to a new study.

Safer, less vulnerable software is the goal of new computer publication Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:16 AM PST We can create software with 100 times fewer vulnerabilities than we do today, according to computer scientists. To get there, they recommend that coders adopt the approaches they have compiled in a new publication.

The Goldilocks effect in aging research Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:16 AM PST For stem cells to be healthy, telomere length has to be just right, scientists have found. The finding deepens our understanding of stem cell biology and could help advance stem cell-based therapies, especially related to aging and regenerative medicine.

Small but mighty: Tiny proteins with big roles in biology Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:16 AM PST Scientists have discovered a small protein important for cellular housekeeping. The new molecule could provide a better understanding of how the levels of genes, including disease genes, are controlled in the cell.

Game changer for organic solar cells Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:15 AM PST Researchers have developed a simple processing technique that could cut the cost of organic photovoltaics and wearable electronics.

Using the force: Powerful new technique reveals mechanical environment of cells in their natural habitat, the living embryo Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:15 AM PST A powerful new technique reveals the mechanical environment of cells in their natural habitat, the living embryo, outlines a new report.

Snow data from satellites improves temperature predictions, researchers show Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:14 AM PST Incorporating snow data collected from space into computer climate models can significantly improve seasonal temperature predictions, researchers have determined.

Simple processing technique could cut cost of organic PV and wearable electronics Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:14 AM PST A simple solution-based electrical doping technique could help reduce the cost of polymer solar cells and organic electronic devices, potentially expanding the applications for these technologies.

Direct link between REM sleep loss, desire for sugary and fatty foods discovered Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:03 AM PST A new method has been used by researchers to produce REM sleep loss in mice along with a chemical-genetic technique to block prefrontal cortex neurons and the behaviors they mediate. As a result, the researchers discovered that inhibiting these neurons reversed the effect of REM sleep loss on sucrose consumption while having no effect on fat consumption.

Study of wild plants contribute to understanding of high risks associated with a warming climate Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:02 AM PST New research investigates how well native California wild mustard species withstand increasing temperatures with the goal of developing a better understanding of heat stress on plants in a warming climate. This study makes an important contribution to a growing body of research aimed at better understanding the effects of global climate change on our ability to grow plants for food.

Growing mosquito populations linked to urbanization, DDT's slow decay Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:02 AM PST Mosquito populations have increased as much as ten-fold over the past five decades in New York, New Jersey, and California, according to long-term datasets from mosquito monitoring programs. The number of mosquito species in these areas increased two- to four-fold in the same period. A new study finds the main drivers of these changes were the gradual waning of DDT concentrations in the environment and increased urbanization.

Missing 1-2 hours of sleep doubles crash risk Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:02 AM PST Drivers who miss one to two hours of sleep nearly double their risk for a crash, new research concludes. Drivers who sleep slightly less -- between four and five hours -- have the same risk of crashing that is associated with driving over the legal limit for alcohol.

Brain blocks new memory formation on waking to safeguard consolidation of existing memories Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:01 AM PST During consolidation, the brain produces new proteins that strengthen fragile memory traces. However, if a new experience occurs while an existing memory trace is being consolidated, the new stimuli could disrupt the consolidation process. Some memory consolidation occurs while we are asleep. But what happens if we wake up during consolidation? How does the brain prevent events that occur just after awakening from interrupting the consolidation process? Researchers have the answer.

East Asian dust deposition impacts on marine biological productivity Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:01 AM PST Scientists find significant correlations between East Asian dust events and chlorophyll a concentration not only in the open ocean of North Pacific Ocean, but also in the Chinese marginal seas.

Protein that promotes 'cell-suicide' could revolutionize eye cancer treatment Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:01 AM PST New research has identified the role of a specific protein in the human body that can help prevent the survival and spread of eye cancer, by initiating cancer 'cell-suicide.'

The balancing act: An enzyme that links endocytosis to membrane recycling Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:01 AM PST All cells have surface membranes and maintaining the surface area of this membrane is critical to the normal functioning of cells. The surface membranes of cells lining our lungs, guts and the light-sensing cells of our eyes undergo constant recycling to operate effectively. Using the light-sensitive membranes in fruit fly eyes as a model system, have recently identified an enzyme named Phospholipase D or PLD -- that is essential for recycling of membranes for normal sight.

Speed data for the brain's navigation system Posted: 06 Dec 2016 08:00 AM PST In order to guide us accurately through space, the brain needs a 'sense' of the speed of our movement. But how do such stimuli actually reach the brain? Researchers have now identified a signal pathway in mice that feeds speed information directly into the brain's navigation system.

No peeking: Humans play computer game using only direct brain stimulation Posted: 06 Dec 2016 07:35 AM PST Researchers have published the first demonstration of humans playing a simple, two-dimensional computer game using only input from direct brain stimulation -- without relying on any usual sensory cues from sight, hearing or touch.

Plug in for renewable energy Posted: 06 Dec 2016 07:35 AM PST A new study shows a huge US market for plug and play solar energy, with billions of dollars in retail sales and energy savings. So what's holding up widespread use?

Resilience: A small, quiet word with huge alcohol use disorder implications Posted: 06 Dec 2016 07:35 AM PST Certain personality traits – such as disinhibition (a lack of restraint) and impulsivity – increase the chances of developing alcohol use disorders (AUDs), new research shows.

Pathway linked to slower aging also fuels brain cancer Posted: 06 Dec 2016 07:35 AM PST A metabolic pathway linked to slower aging is overactive in a deadly form of brain cancer, according to researchers. Their findings suggest that tweaking the pathway to treat cancer may affect other biological processes, such as aging.

Combination immune therapy shows promise against Hodgkin lymphoma Posted: 06 Dec 2016 07:34 AM PST The combination of two new drugs that harness the body's immune system is safe and effective, destroying most cancer cells in 64 percent of patients with recurrent Hodgkin lymphoma, according to the results of an early-phase study.

Honey bee teenagers speed up the aging process of their elders Posted: 06 Dec 2016 06:46 AM PST In honey bee colonies, a single queen is laying eggs from which thousands of worker bees are born. At a young age, workers care for the brood, then build and defend the nest and eventually, towards the end of their lives, leave the safety of the nest to forage for food. This major step in their lives is speeding up ageing because searching the environment for food exposes these foragers to a wide range of stressors, such as pathogens, predators and adverse weather conditions.

Scientists show NLRP2 protein's role in maintaining fertility later in life Posted: 06 Dec 2016 06:45 AM PST Researchers have demonstrated in animal models that a protein called NLRP2 plays an important role in early embryogenesis, the process of cell division in fertilized eggs that occurs before they implant into the lining of the uterus. In addition, the protein was shown to become more important with increasing maternal age, as blocking NLRP2 in eggs prevented them from developing in blastocysts. As a similar protein exists in humans, these insights may lead to greater understanding of reproductive disorders and novel paths to treatment, report investigators.

How tequila could be key in our battle against climate change Posted: 06 Dec 2016 06:42 AM PST Agave – the cactus-like plant which forms the base ingredient of tequila – has a nocturnal 'body clock' which allows it to 'breathe' at night and withstand the driest of conditions, new research has shown.

What happens in the cell nucleus after fertilization? Posted: 06 Dec 2016 06:42 AM PST A team of scientists shows changes in the immediate environment of DNA after the ovum and sperm fuse to form the zygote. The results suggest why all conceivable somatic cells can develop from the germ cells.

Scientists find mechanism behind side effects in vision-loss treatment Posted: 06 Dec 2016 06:42 AM PST A common class of drugs for vision loss may actually add to the problem in some patients, according to new research.

Immunotherapy shows promise in preventing leukemia relapse Posted: 05 Dec 2016 04:18 PM PST Promising results have been announced from an early trial in which patients with high-risk acute myeloid leukemia received genetically engineered immune cells. Of the 12 AML patients who received this experimental T-cell therapy after a transplant put their disease in remission, all are still in remission after a median follow-up of more than two years.

Economic burden of treatment for diffuse large b-cell lymphoma Posted: 05 Dec 2016 01:58 PM PST A research team has confirmed expectations of higher healthcare utilization and costs with relapsed Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL).

Female lemurs with color vision provide advantages for their group Posted: 05 Dec 2016 01:58 PM PST Female lemurs with normal color vision, as well as their cohabitating colorblind group members, may have selective advantage over lemur groups whose members are all colorblind, according to anthropologists.

Protecting babies from eczema with low-cost Vaseline Posted: 05 Dec 2016 01:58 PM PST Seven common moisturizers would be cost effective in preventing eczema in high-risk newborns, research shows. By using the cheapest moisturizer in the study (petroleum jelly), the cost benefit for prophylactic moisturization was only $353 per quality-adjusted life year – a generic measure of disease burden that assesses the monetary value of medical interventions in one's life.

New led display lights help improve taste of milk, researchers find Posted: 05 Dec 2016 01:58 PM PST New LED lights that are being installed in milk display cases across the country do more than just reduce energy bills -- they also help milk taste better, researchers have found.

New survey shows only half of people plan to get flu shots this year Posted: 05 Dec 2016 01:58 PM PST Americans are split on getting an annual flu shot, with four out of 10 having done so in the past year and around half saying they had already received or were planning to get the vaccine this year, according to new national survey data.

Designer switches of cell fate could streamline stem cell biology Posted: 05 Dec 2016 01:52 PM PST A novel strategy has been developed to reprogram cells from one type to another in a more efficient and less biased manner than previous methods.

Geoscientists size-up early dinosaurs, find surprising variation Posted: 05 Dec 2016 01:52 PM PST A new study has focused on the skeletal changes that occurred during growth in the small carnivorous dinosaur Coelophysis (SEE-lo-FY-sis), one of the earliest dinosaurs.

New, more effective strategy for producing flu vaccines Posted: 05 Dec 2016 01:52 PM PST A team of researchers has developed technology that could improve the production of vaccines that protect people from influenza B.

Study reveals more individuals may have 'masked' hypertension than thought Posted: 05 Dec 2016 01:50 PM PST Around the clock monitoring of blood pressure during daily activity revealed masked, or undetected, high blood pressure in a significant number of otherwise healthy adults who had normal readings in the clinic, report researchers at the conclusion of a new study.

Secrets of the Paleo diet: Archeological discovery reveals plant-based menu of prehistoric humans Posted: 05 Dec 2016 01:49 PM PST A collection of 780,000-year-old edible plants found in Israel reveals the plant-based diet of the prehistoric human and is the largest and most diverse in the Levantine corridor linking Africa and Eurasia.

Researchers uncover possible source of genetic error behind a dozen debilitating diseases Posted: 05 Dec 2016 09:05 AM PST Researchers have discovered a possible explanation for a genetic error that causes over a dozen neuromuscular and neurodegenerative disorders.

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