ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• '5-D protein fingerprinting' could give insights into Alzheimer's, Parkinson's
• Researchers zero-in on cholesterol's role in cells
• Strength of hair inspires new materials for body armor
• Study applies game theory to genomic privacy
• Scientists discover drug that increases 'good' fat mass and function
• Calorie restriction lets monkeys live long and prosper
• Why 'platonic' flies don't copulate and what that could mean for humans
• Opioids produce analgesia via immune cells
• Successful antibody trial in HIV individuals
• Must-see-TV: Educational shows that entertain have greater impact on faithful viewers
• Prolonged exposure to work-related stress thought to be related to certain cancers
• Bait knocks out cockroaches, and asthma symptom days
• More with mental illness, substance use disorders have health insurance
• Are you ready to explore baby's genome?
• How solvents affect the skin
• Researchers discover a protein that protects against fatty liver, the most common hepatic disease in Western countries
• Talking therapy changes the brain's wiring, study reveals for first time
• Metabolic pathway regulating key stage of embryo development revealed
• Humble bee among Australia's most lethal
• Malaria drug successfully treats 26-year-old brain cancer patient
• Genetic discovery provides new insight into cognitive disorders
• Better diagnosis of fungal infections key to reducing antibiotic resistance
• How safe is that driver next to you? A trucker's poor health could increase crash risk
• UV light can aid hospitals' fight to wipe out drug-resistant superbugs
• Candidates for bionic hand reconstruction
• Common heart drug repurposed to treat rare cancer in Europe
• Personalized treatment for those in blood pressure 'gray zone'
• Antimicrobial sutures can prevent surgical site infections and save money
• Dietary supplement may carry both benefits and risks associated with statins
• Hip fractures may have both short and long-term effects on survival in elderly individuals
• Cell biology: Take the mRNA train
• Cellular podiatry: Understanding how cells form feet
• HIV treatment might boost susceptibility to syphilis, say researchers
• Study reveals why cancer cells spread within the body
• Steroid discovered in dogfish sharks attacks Parkinson's-related toxin in animal model
• New study reveals the structure of DNA helicase at the replication fork
• What makes erionite carcinogenic?
• Treatment strategy provides mental health benefits to war trauma survivors

'5-D protein fingerprinting' could give insights into Alzheimer's, Parkinson's Posted: 17 Jan 2017 01:30 PM PST In research that could one day lead to advances against neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, engineering researchers have demonstrated a technique for precisely measuring the properties of individual protein molecules floating in a liquid.

Researchers zero-in on cholesterol's role in cells Posted: 17 Jan 2017 01:30 PM PST For the first time, by using a path-breaking optical imaging technique to pinpoint cholesterol's location and movement within the cell membrane, chemists have made the surprising finding that cholesterol is a signaling molecule that transmits messages across the cell membrane.

Strength of hair inspires new materials for body armor Posted: 17 Jan 2017 01:30 PM PST In a new study, researchers are investigating why hair is incredibly strong and resistant to breaking. The findings could lead to the development of new materials for body armor and help cosmetic manufacturers create better hair care products.

Study applies game theory to genomic privacy Posted: 17 Jan 2017 11:01 AM PST A new study presents an unorthodox approach to protect the privacy of genomic data, showing how optimal trade-offs between privacy risk and scientific utility can be struck as genomic data are released for research. The framework can be used to suppress just enough genomic data to persuade would-be snoops that their best privacy attacks will be unprofitable.

Scientists discover drug that increases 'good' fat mass and function Posted: 17 Jan 2017 11:01 AM PST An FDA-approved drug has been identified that can create the elusive and beneficial brown fat. Mice treated with the drug had more brown fat, faster metabolisms, and lower body weight gain, even after being fed a high-calorie diet. The researchers say the technique, which uses cellular reprogramming, could be a new way to combat obesity and type II diabetes.

Calorie restriction lets monkeys live long and prosper Posted: 17 Jan 2017 11:01 AM PST Settling a persistent scientific controversy, a long-awaited report shows that restricting calories does indeed help rhesus monkeys live longer, healthier lives.

Why 'platonic' flies don't copulate and what that could mean for humans Posted: 17 Jan 2017 11:00 AM PST By studying the sexual behavior of a mutant strain of fruit fly called 'platonic,' researchers have found parallels between humans and flies in the neural control of copulation.

Opioids produce analgesia via immune cells Posted: 17 Jan 2017 11:00 AM PST Opioids are the most powerful painkillers. Researchers have now found that the analgesic effects of opioids are not exclusively mediated by opioid receptors in the brain, but can also be mediated via the activation of receptors in immune cells.

Successful antibody trial in HIV individuals Posted: 17 Jan 2017 10:59 AM PST A research team has tested a new HIV neutralizing antibody, called 10-1074, in humans. The results of the trial have just been published.

Must-see-TV: Educational shows that entertain have greater impact on faithful viewers Posted: 17 Jan 2017 10:59 AM PST A study of viewing audiences shows that the television programs most effective at imparting an educational message about social behaviors are the ones that keep people watching engaged and coming back for more.

Prolonged exposure to work-related stress thought to be related to certain cancers Posted: 17 Jan 2017 07:50 AM PST For men, prolonged exposure to work-related stress has been linked to an increased likelihood of lung, colon, rectal, and stomach cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This is the first study to assess the link between cancer and work-related stress perceived by men throughout their working life.

Bait knocks out cockroaches, and asthma symptom days Posted: 17 Jan 2017 07:50 AM PST In homes of children sensitized and exposed to cockroaches, a single intervention -- the strategic placement of insecticidal bait -- results in eradication of cockroaches and improved asthma outcomes for children.

More with mental illness, substance use disorders have health insurance Posted: 17 Jan 2017 07:21 AM PST Significantly more people with mental illness and substance use disorders had insurance coverage in 2014 due to the expansion of health insurance under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), but many barriers to treatment remain, new Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health research suggests.

Are you ready to explore baby's genome? Posted: 17 Jan 2017 07:21 AM PST A national consortium of clinical geneticists is studying the ins and outs of potentially using genome sequencing for newborn health screenings and beyond.

How solvents affect the skin Posted: 17 Jan 2017 07:18 AM PST Researchers have developed a method that makes it possible to see how individual molecules from solvents in skin creams, medicated ointments and cleaning products affect and interact with the skin's own molecules.

Researchers discover a protein that protects against fatty liver, the most common hepatic disease in Western countries Posted: 17 Jan 2017 07:18 AM PST A team of scientists has revealed the capacity of the CPEB4 protein to prevent fatty liver disease.

Talking therapy changes the brain's wiring, study reveals for first time Posted: 17 Jan 2017 07:14 AM PST For the first time, research shows that cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) strengthens specific connections in the brains of people with psychosis, and that these stronger connections are associated with long-term reduction in symptoms and recovery eight years later.

Metabolic pathway regulating key stage of embryo development revealed Posted: 17 Jan 2017 07:14 AM PST Researchers showed that the mevalonate pathway is essential for embryonic development by promoting primitive streak formation, a key landmark for establishing embryo symmetry and gastrulation. The pathway induces farnesylation of lamin-B, which is implicated in inducing expression of primitive streak genes. The findings expand understanding of how embryos transition from a featureless ball of cells into a hollow, three-layered gastrula.

Humble bee among Australia's most lethal Posted: 17 Jan 2017 07:14 AM PST An Australian-first national analysis of 13 years' data on bites and stings from venomous creatures reveals Australia's towns and cities are a hot-spot for encounters.

Malaria drug successfully treats 26-year-old brain cancer patient Posted: 17 Jan 2017 05:40 AM PST The anti-authophagy drug chloroquine may be a unique way to resensitize some cancer patients to treatment.

Genetic discovery provides new insight into cognitive disorders Posted: 17 Jan 2017 05:40 AM PST An international team of scientists has unlocked some of the genes responsible for cognitive ability.The findings bring scientists a step closer to developing new -- and potentially better -- treatments for cognitive disorders of the brain, such as schizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Better diagnosis of fungal infections key to reducing antibiotic resistance Posted: 17 Jan 2017 05:40 AM PST Poor diagnosis worldwide of fungal disease causes doctors to overprescribe antibiotics, increasing harmful resistance to antimicrobial drugs, according to a new paper.

How safe is that driver next to you? A trucker's poor health could increase crash risk Posted: 17 Jan 2017 05:38 AM PST As commuters shimmy past large, lumbering trucks on the road, they may glance over and wonder, "How safe is that driver next to me?" If the truck driver is in poor health, the answer could be: Not very. Commercial truck drivers with three or more medical conditions double to quadruple their chance for being in a crash than healthier drivers, reports a new study.

UV light can aid hospitals' fight to wipe out drug-resistant superbugs Posted: 17 Jan 2017 05:38 AM PST A new tool -- a type of ultraviolet light called UVC -- could aid hospitals in the ongoing battle to keep drug-resistant bacteria from lingering in patient rooms and causing new infections.

Candidates for bionic hand reconstruction Posted: 17 Jan 2017 05:38 AM PST Researchers offer a treatment algorithm, or protocol, for identifying patients with global (flail arm) brachial plexus injuries who are likely to benefit from trading in their insensate and nonfunctional hand for a myoelectric prosthetic device.

Common heart drug repurposed to treat rare cancer in Europe Posted: 17 Jan 2017 05:38 AM PST A drug that's commonly used to treat high blood pressure is being repurposed for a rare tissue cancer in Europe. The medication, named propranolol, was recently granted Orphan Drug Designation by the European Commission (EC).

Personalized treatment for those in blood pressure 'gray zone' Posted: 17 Jan 2017 05:38 AM PST Using data from a national study, researchers determined that using heart CT scans can help personalize treatment in patients whose blood pressure falls in the gray zone of just above normal or mild high blood pressure.

Antimicrobial sutures can prevent surgical site infections and save money Posted: 17 Jan 2017 05:33 AM PST New analyses of the published clinical studies indicate that antimicrobial sutures are effective for preventing surgical site infections (SSIs), and they can result in significant cost savings.

Dietary supplement may carry both benefits and risks associated with statins Posted: 17 Jan 2017 05:33 AM PST Red yeast rice (RYR) is contained in dietary supplements that are often used by patients with high cholesterol, and it is often proposed as an alternative therapy in those who experience side effects from statins. A new study found that it is not a good choice for statin-intolerant patients: RYR was linked with muscle and liver injury, which can also occur with statin use.

Hip fractures may have both short and long-term effects on survival in elderly individuals Posted: 17 Jan 2017 05:33 AM PST A new analysis of numerous studies indicates that men and women aged 60 years and older who have experienced a hip fracture are at increased risk of dying not only in the short term after the fracture, but also a number of years later.

Cell biology: Take the mRNA train Posted: 17 Jan 2017 05:30 AM PST Messenger RNAs bearing the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins are delivered to defined sites in the cell cytoplasm by molecular motors. Researchers have elucidated how the motors recognize their mRNA freight.

Cellular podiatry: Understanding how cells form feet Posted: 17 Jan 2017 05:30 AM PST A protein known as Arf1 plays a role in podosome formation by regulating the assembly of myosin-II within the cytoskeleton, a new study has revealed.

HIV treatment might boost susceptibility to syphilis, say researchers Posted: 16 Jan 2017 04:04 PM PST The antiretroviral drugs used to treat HIV infection might inadvertently be boosting gay/bisexual men's susceptibility to the bacteria responsible for syphilis, Treponema pallidum, conclude researchers.

Study reveals why cancer cells spread within the body Posted: 16 Jan 2017 02:13 PM PST New findings uncover an ancient mechanism that makes cancer cells invasive, explains melanoma's resistance to therapy and opens the door to development of novel cancer therapies

Steroid discovered in dogfish sharks attacks Parkinson's-related toxin in animal model Posted: 16 Jan 2017 01:05 PM PST A synthesized steroid mirroring one naturally made by the dogfish shark prevents the buildup of a lethal protein implicated in some neurodegenerative diseases, reports an international research team studying an animal model of Parkinson's disease. The clustering of this protein, alpha-synuclein, is the hallmark of Parkinson's and dementia with Lewy bodies, suggesting a new potential compound for therapeutic research.

New study reveals the structure of DNA helicase at the replication fork Posted: 16 Jan 2017 01:05 PM PST Scientists have successfully described a crucial structure involved in DNA replication, placing another piece in the puzzle of how life propagates.

What makes erionite carcinogenic? Posted: 13 Jan 2017 12:55 PM PST The mineral erionite is considered to be highly carcinogenic. Up to now it has been thought that iron as a constituent element of the mineral erionite is the reason for the carcinogenic effect. However, mineralogists have discovered that this metal does not even appear in the crystal structure of erionite.

Treatment strategy provides mental health benefits to war trauma survivors Posted: 13 Jan 2017 12:54 PM PST A study shows that a certain intervention called testimony therapy plus ceremony reduced symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression among Khmer Rouge torture survivors from across Cambodia.

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