ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Possible link between bacterium and colon cancer discovered
• More surgery in early-stage laryngeal cancer treatment; more chemoradiation for advanced-stage patients
• 'Drunkorexia:' A recipe for disaster
• High rate of false-positives with annual mammogram
• First infectious agent associated with colon cancer identified
• Updated cervical cancer screening evidence
• New approach to treating Listeria infections
• Halo effect: Family members of gastric-bypass patients also lose weight, study finds
• Bacteria associated with stomach ulcers not detected in enlarged adenoids in children
• Survey of hair professionals finds that some report looking for skin cancer lesions on customers' scalp, neck and face
• Patients with inflammatory bowel disease appear to be at increased risk for developing post-operative deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
• Biomarker-guided heart failure treatment significantly reduces complications
• Muscling toward a longer life: Genetic aging pathway identified in flies
• New research links common RNA modification to obesity
• Skin's immune peacekeepers discovered
• Discovery helps explain progression of Lou Gehrig's disease, offers new therapy approach
• Protecting the brain when energy runs low
• Approaches to treating substance abuse among African-Americans
• Testing micro-electronic stimulators for spinal cord injuries
• Protein is potential new treatment target for adult pulmonary hypertension
• Nourishing protein slows brain disease
• One in four children exposed to some form of family violence, study finds
• Protein family key to aging, cancer
• Broccoli-based compound beats drug resistance in lung disease
• Canada needs to adopt a national suicide prevention strategy, experts urge
• Rates of suicide attempts and hospitalizations in children and adolescents in Canada's child welfare system
• Pediatric cancer and palliative care: Parental preferences compared with health-care professionals
• Protein that fuels lethal breast cancer growth emerges as potential new drug target
• Good housekeeping maintains a healthy liver
• Key to avoiding ankle re-injury may be in the hips and knees
• Omega-3 fatty acids shown to prevent or slow progression of osteoarthritis
• Obese women have higher risk of suffering breast cancer, Spanish study finds
• New DNA test to identify Down syndrome in pregnancy is ready for clinical use
• Could hypertension drugs help people with Alzheimer's?
• Developing new drugs made easier with method to track drugs in tissue
• Antiviral drugs may slow Alzheimer's progression
• Avoiding bias in medical research
• Low birthweight infants five times more likely to have autism, study finds
• Lung cancer patients with diabetes show prolonged survival
• Dads, community health care workers' roles in supporting low-income moms with breast feeding
• Incidence of non-fatal pediatric firearm injuries in U.S. higher than previously estimated, study finds
• Clue to birth defects in babies of mothers with diabetes
• Scenarios that precede at-home pool drownings of young children identified
• New study reinforces need for continued infant sleep campaigns to prevent SIDS
• Pilot study looks at medication safety in U.S. homes
• Sleep disruption for breastfed babies is temporary, study finds
• Multiple riders, lack of helmet use, and faster ATVs contribute to pediatric injuries, studies find
• Teachers, children mistake candy for medicine in study
• Low-income dads support breastfeeding, research suggests
• Pushing the limits of performance
• Bioengineering to generate healthy skin
• First genome-wide association study for dengue identifies candidate susceptibility genes

Possible link between bacterium and colon cancer discovered Posted: 17 Oct 2011 03:46 PM PDT Scientists have found strikingly high levels of a bacterium in colorectal cancers, a sign that it might contribute to the disease and potentially be a key to diagnosing, preventing, and treating it.

More surgery in early-stage laryngeal cancer treatment; more chemoradiation for advanced-stage patients Posted: 17 Oct 2011 03:45 PM PDT The use of surgery to treat early-stage laryngeal cancer (cancer of the voice box) is increasing in the United States, and chemotherapy in combination with radiation therapy is being used increasingly to treat patients in an advanced stage of the disease, according to a new report.

'Drunkorexia:' A recipe for disaster Posted: 17 Oct 2011 02:15 PM PDT It is well-known that eating disorders are common among teens and college students. Heavy alcohol consumption is another well-known unhealthy habit of this age group. A new study shows that when college students combine these two unhealthy habits, their long-term health may be affected. "Drunkorexia" is a new term coined by the media to describe the combination of disordered eating and heavy alcohol consumption.

High rate of false-positives with annual mammogram Posted: 17 Oct 2011 02:15 PM PDT During a decade of receiving mammograms, more than half of cancer-free women will be among those summoned back for more testing because of false-positive results, and about one in 12 will be referred for a biopsy.

First infectious agent associated with colon cancer identified Posted: 17 Oct 2011 02:15 PM PDT For the first time, a specific microorganism has been found to be associated with human colorectal cancer. In two studies published online today in Genome Research, independent research teams have identified Fusobacterium in colon cancer tissue, a finding that could open new avenues for diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Updated cervical cancer screening evidence Posted: 17 Oct 2011 02:15 PM PDT In 2003 the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force published recommendations for cervical cancer screening. To inform an updated recommendation, researchers performed two reviews of the published literature focusing on evidence that has become available since the 2003 recommendation.

New approach to treating Listeria infections Posted: 17 Oct 2011 02:08 PM PDT Research underway could lead to new treatments for people sickened by Listeria and other sepsis-causing bacteria. Research supports a new approach to treating these infections.

Halo effect: Family members of gastric-bypass patients also lose weight, study finds Posted: 17 Oct 2011 02:08 PM PDT Family members of patients who have undergone surgery for weight loss may also shed several pounds themselves, as well as eat healthier and exercise more, according to a new study.

Bacteria associated with stomach ulcers not detected in enlarged adenoids in children Posted: 17 Oct 2011 02:08 PM PDT Bacteria that cause stomach inflammation and ulcers were not detectable in tissue from inflamed and enlarged adenoids in children, according to a new report.

Survey of hair professionals finds that some report looking for skin cancer lesions on customers' scalp, neck and face Posted: 17 Oct 2011 02:08 PM PDT In a survey of hair professionals, some reported that they look at customers' face, scalp and neck for suspicious skin lesions, according to a new report.

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease appear to be at increased risk for developing post-operative deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism Posted: 17 Oct 2011 02:08 PM PDT Patients with inflammatory bowel disease undergoing surgery may be more likely to develop deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism following surgical procedures, according to a new study.

Biomarker-guided heart failure treatment significantly reduces complications Posted: 17 Oct 2011 02:08 PM PDT Adding regular testing for blood levels of a biomarker of cardiac distress to standard care for the most common form of heart failure may significantly reduce the incidence of cardiovascular complications, a new study finds.

Muscling toward a longer life: Genetic aging pathway identified in flies Posted: 17 Oct 2011 12:56 PM PDT Researchers have identified a set of genes that act in muscles to modulate aging and resistance to stress in fruit flies. Scientists have previously found mutations that extend fruit fly lifespan, but this group of genes is distinct because it acts specifically in muscles. The findings could help doctors better understand and treat muscle degeneration in human aging.

New research links common RNA modification to obesity Posted: 17 Oct 2011 12:56 PM PDT Scientists have discovered that a pervasive human RNA modification provides the physiological underpinning of the genetic regulatory process that contributes to obesity and type II diabetes.

Skin's immune peacekeepers discovered Posted: 17 Oct 2011 12:56 PM PDT There are more bacteria living on our skin and in our gut than cells in our body. We need them. But until now no one knew how the immune system could tell that these bacteria are harmless. Researchers in Sydney have discovered a set of peacekeepers -- immune cells in the outer layers of our skin that stop us from attacking friendly bacteria.

Discovery helps explain progression of Lou Gehrig's disease, offers new therapy approach Posted: 17 Oct 2011 12:56 PM PDT Researchers have discovered a previously unknown type of neural cell that appears to be closely linked to the progression of amytrophic lateral sclerosis, or Lou Gehrig's disease, that they believe will provide an important new approach to therapies. There is now no treatment for this disease, which causes progressive death of motor neurons, serious debility, paralysis and ultimately death within a few years.

Protecting the brain when energy runs low Posted: 17 Oct 2011 12:56 PM PDT Researchers have shed new light on the way that the brain protects itself from harm when 'running on empty.'

Approaches to treating substance abuse among African-Americans Posted: 17 Oct 2011 11:14 AM PDT A new study is the first to examine the effectiveness of a widely used counseling approach to treating substance abuse among African-Americans. The study found that African-American women were more likely than men to continue a counseling approach to treating substance abuse, but their substance-abuse issues continued.

Testing micro-electronic stimulators for spinal cord injuries Posted: 17 Oct 2011 10:38 AM PDT A new wireless device may help victims of spinal cord injury. Researchers are developing micro-electrical stimulators for individuals with spinal cord injuries.

Protein is potential new treatment target for adult pulmonary hypertension Posted: 17 Oct 2011 10:38 AM PDT A protein critical to development appears to have a grave impact on lungs exposed to smoking and air pollution, researchers report. Blocking that protein, called calpain, in the lungs may prove an effective way to avoid narrow, scarred blood vessels and pulmonary hypertension, researchers said.

Nourishing protein slows brain disease Posted: 17 Oct 2011 09:43 AM PDT A nourishing protein that promotes the growth of neurons and blood vessels appears to stop the progression of a genetic disease that causes degeneration of the cerebellum, according to new preclinical research. The disease, spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, typically strikes people in the 30s and 40s and eventually causes death.

One in four children exposed to some form of family violence, study finds Posted: 17 Oct 2011 09:43 AM PDT More than one in four children have been exposed to physical violence between their parents at some time, one in nine of them during the past year, according to new research.

Protein family key to aging, cancer Posted: 17 Oct 2011 09:42 AM PDT A protein linked to aging may act as a tumor suppressor, and loss of this protein leads to gender-specific tumor development in mice, according to new research. The findings suggest the existence of a rare "family" of tumor suppressors and may have implications for a common form of breast cancer.

Broccoli-based compound beats drug resistance in lung disease Posted: 17 Oct 2011 09:42 AM PDT Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung disease that gets progressively worse over time. Inflammation has a central role in driving COPD. However, patients derive little benefit from treatment with potent anti-inflammatory drugs known as corticosteroids. Now, researchers have identified a candidate therapeutic that could potentially be used to augment the anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids in individuals with COPD -- a compound obtained from cruciferous vegetables.

Canada needs to adopt a national suicide prevention strategy, experts urge Posted: 17 Oct 2011 09:42 AM PDT Canada needs to adopt a national suicide prevention strategy, and physicians can play a key role in the strategy, states a new analysis.

Rates of suicide attempts and hospitalizations in children and adolescents in Canada's child welfare system Posted: 17 Oct 2011 09:42 AM PDT Although children and adolescents in the child welfare system are at increased risk of attempted suicide compared with the general population, rates are highest before they enter care, then rates begin to decline.

Pediatric cancer and palliative care: Parental preferences compared with health-care professionals Posted: 17 Oct 2011 09:42 AM PDT Parents of children in the palliative stage of cancer favor aggressive chemotherapy over supportive care compared with health care professionals, new research suggests.

Protein that fuels lethal breast cancer growth emerges as potential new drug target Posted: 17 Oct 2011 09:42 AM PDT A protein in the nucleus of breast cancer cells that plays a role in fueling the growth of aggressive tumors may be a good target for new drugs, reports a research team.

Good housekeeping maintains a healthy liver Posted: 17 Oct 2011 09:42 AM PDT Differences in the levels of two key metabolic enzymes may explain why some people are more susceptible to liver damage, according to a new study.

Key to avoiding ankle re-injury may be in the hips and knees Posted: 17 Oct 2011 08:16 AM PDT Nearly all active people suffer ankle sprains at some point in their lives, and a new study suggests that the different ways people move their hip and knee joints may influence the risk of re-injury.

Omega-3 fatty acids shown to prevent or slow progression of osteoarthritis Posted: 17 Oct 2011 08:16 AM PDT New research has shown for the first time that omega-3 in fish oil could "substantially and significantly" reduce the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis.

Obese women have higher risk of suffering breast cancer, Spanish study finds Posted: 17 Oct 2011 08:15 AM PDT Researchers in Spain have shown that overweight women -- especially those with morbid obesity -- develop this disease at an earlier age. A total of 524 women with breast cancer participated in the study. The researchers found that women who started menstruating at a very early age -- between nine and 10 years -- developed breast cancer at a younger age.

New DNA test to identify Down syndrome in pregnancy is ready for clinical use Posted: 17 Oct 2011 07:26 AM PDT A new DNA-based prenatal blood test that can strikingly reduce the number of risky diagnostic procedures needed to identify a pregnancy with Down syndrome is ready to be introduced into clinical practice.

Could hypertension drugs help people with Alzheimer's? Posted: 17 Oct 2011 07:26 AM PDT A new study has looked at whether certain types of drugs used to treat high blood pressure, also called hypertension, might have beneficial effects in reducing the number of new cases of Alzheimer's disease each year.

Developing new drugs made easier with method to track drugs in tissue Posted: 17 Oct 2011 07:25 AM PDT When a new drug is developed, the manufacturer must be able to show that it reaches its intended goal in the body's tissue, and only that goal. Such studies could be made easier with a new method.

Antiviral drugs may slow Alzheimer's progression Posted: 17 Oct 2011 07:25 AM PDT Antiviral drugs used to target the herpes virus could be effective at slowing the progression of Alzheimer's disease, a new study shows.

Avoiding bias in medical research Posted: 17 Oct 2011 07:25 AM PDT A new statistical approach to address the problem of bias in self-reporting has been developed.

Low birthweight infants five times more likely to have autism, study finds Posted: 17 Oct 2011 06:22 AM PDT Autism researchers have found a link between low birthweight and children diagnosed with autism, reporting premature infants are five times more likely to have autism than children born at normal weight.

Lung cancer patients with diabetes show prolonged survival Posted: 17 Oct 2011 06:22 AM PDT Lung cancer patients with diabetes tend to live longer than patients without diabetes, according to a Norwegian study.

Dads, community health care workers' roles in supporting low-income moms with breast feeding Posted: 17 Oct 2011 06:22 AM PDT Two new studies highlight some obstacles to increasing the breastfeeding rate in a low-income, inner-city population and identifying methods to address this disparity.

Incidence of non-fatal pediatric firearm injuries in U.S. higher than previously estimated, study finds Posted: 17 Oct 2011 06:22 AM PDT From 1999 to 2007, there were 185,950 emergency department visits in the U.S. for firearm injuries in children aged 0 to 19 years. A new study provides an overview of these injuries, including a variety of risk factors including age, race, hospital location, and insurance type.

Clue to birth defects in babies of mothers with diabetes Posted: 17 Oct 2011 06:20 AM PDT Researchers have identified the enzyme AMP kinase as key to the molecular mechanism that significantly increases the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida and some heart defects among babies born to women with diabetes.

Scenarios that precede at-home pool drownings of young children identified Posted: 17 Oct 2011 06:20 AM PDT Very young children who live in a home with a swimming pool are at risk of drowning, a leading cause of injury death among toddlers. Researchers have now identified three likely scenarios that precede the drowning of a very young child (ages 1 to 4) in an at-home swimming pool.

New study reinforces need for continued infant sleep campaigns to prevent SIDS Posted: 17 Oct 2011 06:20 AM PDT New research reinforces the need for continued public education programs that encourage parents to place their infants to sleep in the supine (back) position in a safe crib or bassinet, to prevent an estimated 4,600 annual Sudden Unintended Infant Deaths, of which 50 percent are classified as Sudden Death Syndrome.

Pilot study looks at medication safety in U.S. homes Posted: 17 Oct 2011 06:20 AM PDT Nearly 30 percent of homes with young children have acetaminophen products stored unsafely, and nearly all homes included at least one expired medication, according to a new U.S. study.

Sleep disruption for breastfed babies is temporary, study finds Posted: 17 Oct 2011 06:20 AM PDT While breastfed babies initially awaken more during the night for feedings, their sleep patterns -- falling asleep, staying asleep and total sleep time -- stabilize in later infancy and become comparable to non-breastfed babies, according to new research.

Multiple riders, lack of helmet use, and faster ATVs contribute to pediatric injuries, studies find Posted: 17 Oct 2011 06:20 AM PDT As all-terrain vehicle (ATV) use continues to grow, so does the number of injuries. Children comprise about one-third of the 130,000 to 150,000 ATV-related emergency department visits each year and one-quarter of the more than 800 deaths. In fact, more children are injured from ATV crashes each year than from bicycles. Two new studies provide insights into the potential causes of ATV crashes as well as much-needed safety precautions.

Teachers, children mistake candy for medicine in study Posted: 17 Oct 2011 06:20 AM PDT More than one in four kindergarten children, and one in five teachers, had difficulty distinguishing between medicine and candy in new research conducted by two, now seventh-grade students.

Low-income dads support breastfeeding, research suggests Posted: 17 Oct 2011 06:20 AM PDT Preliminary research suggests that fathers of low-income children support breastfeeding but are unsure how to influence or help their child's mother (their partner) with breastfeeding.

Pushing the limits of performance Posted: 17 Oct 2011 04:55 AM PDT Deceiving the brain can lead to an improvement of up to five per cent in sporting performance, according to research from the UK -- news which could have a significant impact on athletes' chances in the 2012 Olympics.

Bioengineering to generate healthy skin Posted: 17 Oct 2011 04:55 AM PDT Scientists are participating in research to study how to make use of the potential for auto regeneration of stem skills from skin, in order to create, in the laboratory, a patient's entire cutaneous surface by means of a combination of biological engineering and tissue engineering techniques.

First genome-wide association study for dengue identifies candidate susceptibility genes Posted: 16 Oct 2011 10:20 AM PDT Researchers have identified two genetic variants associated with increased susceptibility to severe dengue. The study offers clues to how the body responds to dengue infection.

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