ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• New advance in 3-D printing and tissue engineering technology
• Special glasses help surgeons 'see' cancer​​​​​​​​
• New live-cell printing technology works like ancient Chinese woodblocking
• Obese children more likely to have complex elbow fractures, further complications
• Immune signature discovered that predicts poor outcome in influenza patients
• Mechanism elucidated: How smell perception influences food intake
• New pain target, discovery for bacterial infections
• EHR-based screening program for aneurysms cuts number of at-risk men by more than half
• Impact of repetitive heading in soccer needs more research, say experts
• New tobacco control guides developed to help communities address tobacco issues
• Unexpected cell hijack method in pancreatic cancer revealed by research
• Responders, survivors on pazopanib characterized for advanced soft tissue sarcoma
• Schema Therapy for personality disorders proven more effective than other major treatments
• Dental care in school breaks down social inequalities
• MRI to offer advances in treatment for chronic kidney disease
• Newly found tactics in offense-defense struggle with hepatitis C virus
• Chronic inflammation: Slowing down immune system when in overdrive
• Nanomotors are controlled, for the first time, inside living cells
• Smoking linked with increased risk of most common type of breast cancer
• Clues to cancer pathogenesis found in cell-conditioned media
• When you always gotta go: Finnish study on urgency incontinence underway
• Exercise provides hope for kidney disease patients and their vulnerable hearts
• Defect in Ikaros gene mimics human B cell leukemia
• Invisibility cloak for hearing aids, implants
• Weight loss surgery increases social acceptance, but body remains problematic
• Genetic origins of high-altitude adaptations in Tibetans
• Optogenetic toolkit goes multicolor: Viewing brain functions with light-sensitive proteins
• Seven new genetic regions linked to type 2 diabetes
• Cochlear implant with no exterior hardware can be wirelessly recharged
• Clues for battling aggressive cancers from twin sisters study
• Genome editing goes hi-fi: Innovative stem cell technique
• Breakthrough approach to quickly identify new drug candidates from genome sequence

New advance in 3-D printing and tissue engineering technology Posted: 10 Feb 2014 03:47 PM PST Researchers have introduced a unique micro-robotic technique to assemble the components of complex materials, the foundation of tissue engineering and 3-D printing.

Special glasses help surgeons 'see' cancer​​​​​​​​ Posted: 10 Feb 2014 03:42 PM PST High-tech glasses may help surgeons visualize cancer cells, which glow blue when viewed through the eyewear. The wearable technology, so new it's yet unnamed, was used during surgery for the first time today at Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine.

New live-cell printing technology works like ancient Chinese woodblocking Posted: 10 Feb 2014 01:11 PM PST With a nod to 3rd century Chinese woodblock printing and children's rubber stamp toys, researchers have developed a way to print living cells onto any surface, in virtually any shape. Unlike recent, similar work using inkjet printing approaches, almost all cells survive the process.

Obese children more likely to have complex elbow fractures, further complications Posted: 10 Feb 2014 11:01 AM PST Pediatric obesity is currently an epidemic, with the prevalence having quadruped over the last 25 years. Among other complications, obese children who sustain a supracondylar humeral (above the elbow) fracture can be expected to have more complex fractures and experience more postoperative complications than children of a normal weight, research shows.

Immune signature discovered that predicts poor outcome in influenza patients Posted: 10 Feb 2014 10:58 AM PST Scientists have identified a signature immune response that might help doctors identify which newly diagnosed influenza patients are most likely to develop severe symptoms and suffer poor outcomes. The findings also help explain why infants and toddlers are at elevated risk for flu complications.

Mechanism elucidated: How smell perception influences food intake Posted: 10 Feb 2014 08:45 AM PST A research team has succeeded in elucidating how the endocannabinoid system controls food intake through its effects on the perception of smells.

New pain target, discovery for bacterial infections Posted: 10 Feb 2014 08:45 AM PST Components in the outer wall of bacteria directly activate pain sensors, triggering immediate pain and inflammatory responses. This finding by a multinational team of researchers sheds new light on pain associated with bacterial infections and reveals a new target for drugs designed to treat them.

EHR-based screening program for aneurysms cuts number of at-risk men by more than half Posted: 10 Feb 2014 08:45 AM PST A screening program for abdominal aortic aneurysms, integrated into an electronic health record, dramatically reduced the number of unscreened at-risk men by more than 50 percent within 15 months, according to a Kaiser Permanente study. An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a balloon-like bulge in the aorta, which -- if ruptured -- can result in death. It is estimated that more than one million Americans are living with undiagnosed AAA.

Impact of repetitive heading in soccer needs more research, say experts Posted: 10 Feb 2014 08:45 AM PST Researchers warned in a paper published today that not enough attention has been given to the unique aspect of soccer -- the purposeful use of the head to control the ball -- and the long-term consequences of repetitive heading.

New tobacco control guides developed to help communities address tobacco issues Posted: 10 Feb 2014 08:44 AM PST In conjunction with the 50th anniversary of the Surgeon General's landmark report on smoking, the Brown School's Center for Public Health Systems Science, in partnership with the Tobacco Control Legal Consortium, has published two new tobacco control guides that aim to give state and local communities the guidance and resources needed to move tobacco control policies forward.

Unexpected cell hijack method in pancreatic cancer revealed by research Posted: 10 Feb 2014 07:21 AM PST Pancreatic stellate cells, which normally aid tissue repair, unwittingly help pancreatic cancer grow and spread in a method of "cell hijack" only seen before in brain and breast cancer, according to new research.

Responders, survivors on pazopanib characterized for advanced soft tissue sarcoma Posted: 10 Feb 2014 07:19 AM PST An analysis has confirmed the importance of known prognostic factors such as performance status and tumor grading for having a long-term outcome in patients treated with pazopanib for metastatic soft tissue sarcoma. Additionally, hemoglobin at baseline was found to be a new prognostic factor.

Schema Therapy for personality disorders proven more effective than other major treatments Posted: 10 Feb 2014 07:19 AM PST A large scale randomized control trial shows Schema Therapy to be significantly more effective than two major alternative approaches to the treatment of a broad range of personality disorders. Schema Therapy resulted in a higher rate of recovery, greater declines in depression, greater increases in general and social functioning and had a lower drop out rate. The results indicated that Schema Therapy is also more cost-effective.

Dental care in school breaks down social inequalities Posted: 10 Feb 2014 07:19 AM PST A new global survey documents how dental care in the school environment is helping to assure a healthy life and social equity -- even in developing countries. But there are still major challenges to overcome worldwide.

MRI to offer advances in treatment for chronic kidney disease Posted: 10 Feb 2014 07:18 AM PST Detailed structural and functional 'maps' of the human kidney made using advanced scanning technology are to be developed by scientists, in hopes that the effort advances treatment for those suffering from chronic kidney disease.

Newly found tactics in offense-defense struggle with hepatitis C virus Posted: 10 Feb 2014 06:54 AM PST The hepatitis C virus (HCV) has a previously unrecognized tactic to outwit antiviral responses and sustain a long-term infection. It also turns out that some people are genetically equipped with a strong countermeasure to the virus' attempt to weaken the attack on it. The details of these findings suggest potential targets for treating HCV.

Chronic inflammation: Slowing down immune system when in overdrive Posted: 10 Feb 2014 06:54 AM PST Many people suffer from chronic inflammation because their immune systems overreact to 'self' tissue. Scientists believe that a small molecule known as Interleukin 21 is a promising therapeutic target in such cases.

Nanomotors are controlled, for the first time, inside living cells Posted: 10 Feb 2014 06:53 AM PST Nanomotors have been controlled inside living cells for the first time, report a team of chemists and engineers. The scientists placed tiny rocket-shaped synthetic motors inside live human cells, propelled them with ultrasonic waves and steered them magnetically to spin and to battering against the cell membrane.

Smoking linked with increased risk of most common type of breast cancer Posted: 10 Feb 2014 05:32 AM PST Young women who smoke and have been smoking a pack a day for a decade or more have a significantly increased risk of developing the most common type of breast cancer. The study indicates that an increased risk of breast cancer may be another health risk incurred by young women who smoke.

Clues to cancer pathogenesis found in cell-conditioned media Posted: 10 Feb 2014 05:32 AM PST Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare B-cell neoplasm distinguished by its tendency to spread along the thin serous membranes that line body cavities without infiltrating or destroying nearby tissue. By growing PEL cells in culture and analyzing the secretome (proteins secreted into cell-conditioned media), investigators have identified proteins that may explain PEL pathogenesis, its peculiar cell adhesion, and migration patterns. They also recognized related oncogenic pathways, thereby providing rationales for more individualized treatment.

When you always gotta go: Finnish study on urgency incontinence underway Posted: 10 Feb 2014 05:31 AM PST Urgency incontinence is considered the most troubling urinary symptom in both men and women, according to a recent study published.

Exercise provides hope for kidney disease patients and their vulnerable hearts Posted: 10 Feb 2014 05:31 AM PST A doctor has become the first renal physician in the England to be awarded the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Clinician Scientist Award. The fellowship, worth more than £1 million, will fund a five-year study into the effects of exercise on heart disease in patients with chronic kidney disease who are on dialysis.

Defect in Ikaros gene mimics human B cell leukemia Posted: 10 Feb 2014 05:31 AM PST Researchers investigated the differentiation of stem cells to mature B cells, and now present, for the first time, molecular details on the role of the Ikaros gene during early B cell development. A defect in Ikaros function causes an early block in B-lymphopoiesis and prevents the development of mature B cells. The cells stay in an aberrant state, which closely resembles that of cells in B-ALL, a special form of human B cell leukemia.

Invisibility cloak for hearing aids, implants Posted: 10 Feb 2014 05:31 AM PST Microsystems are at the heart of portable hearing aids and implants. Now researchers are developing a miniature, low-power wireless microsystem to make these medical aids smaller, more comfortable and more efficient.

Weight loss surgery increases social acceptance, but body remains problematic Posted: 10 Feb 2014 05:30 AM PST All of a sudden the once obese women are treated with respect in society. But underneath the clothes, the skin is saggy and it takes a long time to become familiar with the "new" stomach.

Genetic origins of high-altitude adaptations in Tibetans Posted: 10 Feb 2014 05:29 AM PST Genetic adaptations for life at high elevations found in residents of the Tibetan plateau likely originated around 30,000 years ago in peoples related to contemporary Sherpa. These genes were passed on to more recent migrants from lower elevations via population mixing, and then amplified by natural selection in the modern Tibetan gene pool, according to a new study. The transfer of beneficial mutations between human populations and selective enrichment of these genes in descendent generations represents a novel mechanism for adaptation to new environments.

Optogenetic toolkit goes multicolor: Viewing brain functions with light-sensitive proteins Posted: 09 Feb 2014 12:24 PM PST Researchers have found new light-sensitive proteins that allow scientists to study how multiple sets of neurons interact with each other.

Seven new genetic regions linked to type 2 diabetes Posted: 09 Feb 2014 12:24 PM PST Seven new genetic regions associated with type 2 diabetes have been identified in the largest study to date of the genetic basis of the disease. DNA data was brought together from more than 48,000 patients and 139,000 healthy controls from four different ethnic groups.

Cochlear implant with no exterior hardware can be wirelessly recharged Posted: 09 Feb 2014 12:24 PM PST Cochlear implants -- medical devices that electrically stimulate the auditory nerve -- have granted at least limited hearing to hundreds of thousands of people worldwide who otherwise would be totally deaf. Existing versions of the device, however, require that a disk-shaped transmitter about an inch in diameter be affixed to the skull, with a wire snaking down to a joint microphone and power source that looks like an oversized hearing aid around the patient's ear. Researchers have now developed a new, low-power signal-processing chip that could lead to a cochlear implant that requires no external hardware.

Clues for battling aggressive cancers from twin sisters study Posted: 09 Feb 2014 12:24 PM PST Analyzing the genomes of twin sisters -- one healthy and one with aggressive leukemia -- led an international team of researchers to identify a novel molecular target that could become a way to treat recurring and deadly malignancies. The study points to a molecular pathway involving a gene called SETD2, which can mutate in blood cells during a critical step as DNA is being transcribed and replicated.

Genome editing goes hi-fi: Innovative stem cell technique Posted: 09 Feb 2014 12:24 PM PST Scientists have found a way to efficiently edit the human genome one letter at a time -- not only boosting researchers' ability to model human disease, but also paving the way for therapies that cure disease by fixing these so-called "bugs" in a patient's genetic code.

Breakthrough approach to quickly identify new drug candidates from genome sequence Posted: 09 Feb 2014 12:23 PM PST In research that could ultimately lead to many new medicines, scientists from the Florida campus of The Scripps Research Institute have developed a potentially general approach to design drugs from genome sequence.

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