ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Appropriate duration of dual antiplatelet therapy still unclear
• Ovarian cancer-specific markers set the stage for early diagnosis, personalized treatments
• New way of preventing diabetes-associated blindness
• Frailer older patients at higher risk of readmission or death after discharge from hospital
• Special fats proven essential for brain growth
• 'Pain sensing' gene discovery could help in development of new methods of pain relief
• Complex signaling between blood, stem cells controls regeneration in fly gut
• Researchers unveil new gene subgroup in prostate cancer
• Removing mutant p53 significantly regresses tumors, improves cancer survival
• Nano-capsules designed for diagnosing malignant tumors
• Plant extracts offer hope against diabetes, cancer
• Customizable female footware based on smart materials could prevent some of the most common foot problems
• Can you see what I hear? Blind human echolocators use visual areas of the brain
• Earthquakes prove to be an unexpected help in interpreting brain activity of very premature babies
• Revolutionary therapeutic dental adhesives with the aptitude to remineralize the resin-dentine bonding interface through biomimetic processes
• Rates of re-hospitalization for patients with traumatic brain injury higher than previously reported
• Depression associated with 5-fold increased mortality risk in heart failure patients

Appropriate duration of dual antiplatelet therapy still unclear Posted: 25 May 2015 02:56 PM PDT A systematic review of published evidence does little to clarify the appropriate duration of dual antiplatelet therapy following drug eluting stent placement. The evidence suggests that longer duration therapy decreases the risk for myocardial infarction, but increases the risk for major bleeding events, and may provide a slight increase in mortality.

Ovarian cancer-specific markers set the stage for early diagnosis, personalized treatments Posted: 25 May 2015 12:11 PM PDT Six mRNA isoforms (bits of genetic material) produced by ovarian cancer cells but not normal cells have been identified by scientists, opening up the possibility that they could be used to diagnose early-stage ovarian cancer. What's more, several of the mRNA isoforms code for unique proteins that could be targeted with new therapeutics.

New way of preventing diabetes-associated blindness Posted: 25 May 2015 12:11 PM PDT Reporting on their study with lab-grown human cells, researchers say that blocking a second blood vessel growth protein, along with one that is already well-known, could offer a new way to treat and prevent a blinding eye disease caused by diabetes.

Frailer older patients at higher risk of readmission or death after discharge from hospital Posted: 25 May 2015 10:23 AM PDT Frailer older patients are at higher risk of readmission to hospital or death within 30 days after discharge from a general internal medicine ward, but health care professionals can assess who is at risk using the Clinical Frailty Scale, according to a study.

Special fats proven essential for brain growth Posted: 25 May 2015 09:04 AM PDT Certain special fats found in blood are essential for human brain growth and function, new research suggests. New published studies show that mutations in the protein Mfsd2a causes impaired brain development in humans. Mfsd2a is the transporter in the brain for a special type of fat called lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) -- composed of essential fatty acids like omega-3.

'Pain sensing' gene discovery could help in development of new methods of pain relief Posted: 25 May 2015 09:04 AM PDT A gene essential to the production of pain-sensing neurons in humans has been identified by an international team of researchers. The discovery could have implications for the development of new methods of pain relief.

Complex signaling between blood, stem cells controls regeneration in fly gut Posted: 25 May 2015 09:04 AM PDT Having a healthy gut may well depend on maintaining a complex signaling dance between immune cells and the stem cells that line the intestine. Scientists report significant new insight into how these interactions control intestinal regeneration after an infection. It's a dance that ensures repair after a challenge, but that also goes awry in aging fruit flies. The work offers important new clues into possible causes of age-related human maladies, including IBS and colorectal cancer.

Researchers unveil new gene subgroup in prostate cancer Posted: 25 May 2015 08:59 AM PDT Prostate cancer researchers have drawn a molecular portrait that provides the first complete picture of localized, multi-focal disease within the prostate and also unveils a new gene subgroup driving it.

Removing mutant p53 significantly regresses tumors, improves cancer survival Posted: 25 May 2015 08:59 AM PDT For two decades cancer researchers have looked unsuccessfully for ways to develop compounds to restore the function of mutant p53 proteins. Now a team of researchers has discovered that eliminating the abnormally stabilized mutant p53 protein in cancer in vivo has positive therapeutic effects, showing that tumors regress significantly and survival increases.

Nano-capsules designed for diagnosing malignant tumors Posted: 25 May 2015 07:21 AM PDT Researchers have developed adaptable nano-capsules that can help in the diagnosis of glioblastoma cells -- a highly invasive form of brain tumor.

Plant extracts offer hope against diabetes, cancer Posted: 25 May 2015 06:54 AM PDT Diabetes is the fastest growing metabolic disease in the world. A new study has shown that traditional Aboriginal and Indian plant extracts could be used to manage the disease and may also have potential use in cancer treatment.

Customizable female footware based on smart materials could prevent some of the most common foot problems Posted: 25 May 2015 06:27 AM PDT A new adjustable female shoe based on a new memory shape composite of leather and Nitinol material, is now available. The new material allows fitting the shoe to the foot shape, after obtaining anthropometric measurements through the Shopintantshoe portable scanner and modifying it with the "Shoptool", a machine that completes the process directly in the shop.

Can you see what I hear? Blind human echolocators use visual areas of the brain Posted: 25 May 2015 05:11 AM PDT Certain blind individuals have the ability to use echoes from tongue or finger clicks to recognize objects in the distance, and use echolocation as a replacement for vision. Research shows echolocation in blind individuals is a full form of sensory substitution, and that blind echolocation experts recruit regions of the brain normally associated with visual perception when making echo-based assessments of objects.

Earthquakes prove to be an unexpected help in interpreting brain activity of very premature babies Posted: 25 May 2015 05:11 AM PDT Researchers have created a "brainstorm barometer" that allows computers to calculate the brain functions of very premature babies during their first hours of life. The new research method is based on the hypothesis that the brainstorms generated by the billions of neurons inside a baby's head are governed by the same rules as other massive natural phenomena, such as earthquakes, forest fires or snow avalanches.

Revolutionary therapeutic dental adhesives with the aptitude to remineralize the resin-dentine bonding interface through biomimetic processes Posted: 25 May 2015 05:11 AM PDT Dental health researchers report that clinical minimally invasive treatments require the elimination of dental caries-infected tissues in order to stop the progression of bacteria to the pulpal chamber and maximize the reparative potential of the remaining partially demineralized tissues.

Rates of re-hospitalization for patients with traumatic brain injury higher than previously reported Posted: 25 May 2015 05:08 AM PDT A new, study shows that rates of hospital readmission following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) are greater than other chronic diseases and injuries and are higher than previously reported.

Depression associated with 5-fold increased mortality risk in heart failure patients Posted: 23 May 2015 05:19 AM PDT Moderate to severe depression is associated with a 5-fold increased risk of all cause mortality in patients with heart failure, according to research. The results show that risk was independent of comorbidities and severity of heart failure. Patients who were not depressed had an 80% lower mortality risk.

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