الثلاثاء، 25 أغسطس 2015

ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

High iron intake may increase appetite, disease risk

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:23 PM PDT

Here's one more reason to cut down on the amount of red meat you eat. Using an animal model, researchers have found that dietary iron intake, equivalent to heavy red meat consumption, suppresses leptin, a hormone that regulates appetite.

E-health vital in battle against heart disease say cardiology leaders

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:21 PM PDT

E-health is vital to winning the battle against heart disease, cardiology leaders said. The novel paper outlines how the ESC will exploit e-health in education and research, while tackling issues of quality control and data security.

Electronic trigger reduces delays in evaluation for cancer diagnosis

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:19 PM PDT

Electronic triggers designed to search for key data, developed by researchers at Baylor College of Medicine and Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, were able to identify and reduce follow-up delays for patients being evaluated for a diagnosis of colon or prostate cancer.

Better maternal diet linked to lower risk of heart abnormalities in babies at birth

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:19 PM PDT

A relatively healthy diet before pregnancy is linked to a lower rate of certain heart abnormalities in babies at birth, finds research.

Long-term NSAID use may reduce CRC risk

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:19 PM PDT

Long-term, continuous use of low-dose aspirin and nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with decreased colorectal cancer risk. The findings of a population-based, case-control study.

Medical terms lead to divide between parents and doctors

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 01:41 PM PDT

Few things are more stressful than dealing with a sick child. From discussing treatment with a pediatrician to complying with day care policies, a parent must consider many factors when making a decision about their child's health. Now, a recent study is shedding light on the significant divide that can exist between patients and physicians about the same terminology -- especially when it comes to discussing "pink eye," a particular flashpoint in childcare.

Protein with promise for cancer therapy identified

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 01:41 PM PDT

A researcher says he has solved a cell division mystery in a way that will intrigue the makers of cancer-fighting drugs.

Humans carry more antibiotic-resistant bacteria than animals they work with

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 01:30 PM PDT

One of the most common and costly diseases faced by the dairy industry is bovine mastitis, a potentially fatal bacterial inflammation of the mammary gland. Widespread use of antibiotics to treat the disease is often blamed for generating antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, researchers investigating staphylococcal populations responsible for causing mastitis in dairy cows in South Africa found that humans carried more antibiotic-resistant staphylococci than the farm animals with which they worked.

Is MERS another SARS? The facts behind Middle East Respiratory Syndrome

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 01:30 PM PDT

Experts show that while Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, a viral respiratory illness, is infecting less people, it has a higher mortality rate and affects a specific target population when compared to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.

Personal clothing may spread respiratory infections within the NICU

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 01:30 PM PDT

Respiratory syncytial virus, which is the leading cause of childhood respiratory hospitalizations among premature babies, can be detected from the clothes worn by caregivers/visitors who are visiting infants in the neonatal intensive care unit, according to new research.

Off switch for biofilm formation discovered

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 01:30 PM PDT

When disease-causing bacteria establish a biofilm on hospital equipment, it can be impossible to sterilize the devices, raising infection rates and necessitating expensive replacements. Now, scientists have found an enzyme that shuts down the signals bacteria use to form a biofilm. The findings could one day help make biofilm-related complications a distant memory.

Tiny antibodies point to vulnerability in disease-causing parasites

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 12:25 PM PDT

By teasing apart the structure of an enzyme vital to the parasites that cause toxoplasmosis and malaria, scientists have identified a potentially 'drugable' target that could prevent parasites from entering and exiting host cells.

New blood test for colon cancer improves colonoscopy screening results

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 11:38 AM PDT

Thanks in part to screening technologies like colonoscopy; colon cancer is often detected in its earliest stages. Researchers have now found a way to screen blood samples for molecular traces that indicate the presence of precancerous polyps in the colon, a key warning sign for colon cancer.

Compound found in red wine causes conflicting changes in dogs' immune systems

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 11:09 AM PDT

Researchers have found that resveratrol does affect the immune systems of dogs in different ways when introduced to dogs' blood.

Promising class of new cancer drugs might cause memory loss in mice

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 11:09 AM PDT

New research shows that a family of cancer drugs currently tested in patient trials can induce neurological changes in mice. The findings underscore the need for more research to determine whether these compounds can enter the brain, where they potentially might cause side effects such as memory loss.

Nerve-like polymer network created: Gentle interface for prosthetics?

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:45 AM PDT

The first use of biological proteins to maneuver chemical polymers has created nerve-like structures that could serve as a gentler interface between nerves and prosthetic devices.

Inaccuracies in head impact sensors

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:08 AM PDT

With increasing concern about concussions from sports, some players have started wearing electronic sensors to measure head impacts. But a new study has found that some of the sensors for non-helmeted sports are not fast enough to measure hard hits and don't accurately measure what are thought to be the most serious, angular hits.

Scientists discover electrical control of cancer cell growth

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:08 AM PDT

The molecular switches regulating human cell growth do a great job of replacing cells that die during the course of a lifetime. But when they misfire, life-threatening cancers can occur. Research has now revealed a new electrical mechanism that can control these switches.

Influenza vaccines provide moderate protection throughout the entire flu season

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:05 AM PDT

Individuals who received the flu vaccine were protected for up to 6 months post-vaccination, the duration of most flu seasons, according to a new study.

Reducing pain during vaccination: New guideline to help manage pain in children and adults

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:04 AM PDT

A new guideline aims to ensure that pain during vaccination is minimized in both children and adults.

Similar outcomes for mothers and babies at low risk delivered by family physicians and obstetricians

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:04 AM PDT

For pregnant women who are at low risk of complications giving birth, the risk of newborn death and maternal complications is similar for obstetric deliveries by family physicians and obstetricians, according to a large study.

Discovery of novel mechanism for blood vessel formation for blood vessel formation paves the way for more effective vascular therapies

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:49 AM PDT

An improved understanding of how the circulatory system is formed is the first step to combating multiple diseases characterized by vascular issues.

Giving pharmacists the power to combat opioid overdoses

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:46 AM PDT

In response to the growing opioid crisis, several states, including Massachusetts and Rhode Island, have granted pharmacists the authority to provide naloxone rescue kits without a prescription to at-risk patients. This model of pharmacy-based naloxone education and distribution is one of the public health strategies currently being evaluated at hundreds of pharmacies in both states to determine the impact on opioid overdose death rates.

How zebrafish rebuild the skeleton of amputated fins

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:46 AM PDT

Researchers have uncovered the mechanisms that allow bone-forming cells to regenerate a correctly shaped new fin skeleton.

MouthLab: Patients' vital signs are just a breath away

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:45 AM PDT

Engineers and physicians have developed a hand-held, battery-powered device that quickly picks up vital signs from a patient's lips and fingertip.

How exposure to brief trauma and sudden sounds form lasting memories

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:45 AM PDT

Researchers have found how even brief exposure to sudden sounds or mild trauma can form permanent, long-term brain connections, or memories, in a specific region of the brain.

Stopping antihypertensive therapy in older patients did not improve functioning

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:42 AM PDT

Discontinuing antihypertensive therapy for patients 75 or older with mild cognitive deficits did not improve short-term cognitive, psychological or general daily functioning.

Primary prevention use of statins increases among the oldest old

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:42 AM PDT

The use of statins for primary prevention in patients without vascular disease older than 79 increased between 1999 and 2012, although there is little randomized evidence to guide the use of these cholesterol-lowering medications in this patient population.

Diversity in graduate medical education; women majority in 7 specialties in 2012

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:42 AM PDT

Women accounted for the majority of graduate medical education trainees in seven specialties in 2012 but in no specialties were the percentages of black or Hispanic trainees comparable with the representation of these groups in the US population.

Genetic overlapping in multiple autoimmune diseases may suggest common therapies

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:42 AM PDT

Scientists who analyzed the genes involved in 10 autoimmune diseases that begin in childhood have discovered 22 genome-wide signals shared by two or more diseases. These shared gene sites may reveal potential new targets for treating many of these diseases, in some cases with existing drugs already available for non-autoimmune disorders.

Major advance toward more effective, long-lasting flu vaccine

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:05 AM PDT

Medical researchers have found a way to induce antibodies to fight a wide range of influenza subtypes -- work that could one day eliminate the need for repeated seasonal flu shots.

Flu vaccinations make sense for elderly, study suggests

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:05 AM PDT

Amid debate about whether flu vaccination really helps the elderly, a new study provides fresh evidence that it does. Researchers found vaccines well matched to the year's flu strain significantly reduce deaths and hospitalizations compared to when the match is poor, suggesting that vaccination indeed makes a difference. They project that well-matched vaccines saves thousands of lives every flu season.

Synthesis of a new nanomaterial: Self-assembly may work within the body

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:05 AM PDT

Scientists have discovered, for the first time, a new nanocomposite formed by the self-assembly of copper and a biological component that occurs under physiological conditions, which are similar those found in the human body and could be used in targeted drug delivery for fighting diseases such as cancer.

Physical activity linked to greater mental flexibility in older adults

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:05 AM PDT

One day soon, doctors may determine how physically active you are simply by imaging your brain. Physically fit people tend to have larger brain volumes and more intact white matter than their less-fit peers. Now a new study reveals that older adults who regularly engage in moderate to vigorous physical activity have more variable brain activity at rest than those who don't. This variability is associated with better cognitive performance, researchers say.

Ebola virus disease: Anesthesiologists need to 'better prepare and educate' themselves

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:04 AM PDT

As the Ebola virus disease pandemic unfolded in 2014, it may have seemed like a sudden and unprecedented event. But the disease has a long history, the epidemic is ongoing, and new outbreaks are certain to occur in the future, new research suggests.

Food intake, a fragile balance between neural pathways

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 05:59 AM PDT

Scientists investigated the relative role of energy needs and "pleasure" of eating in food intake. The researchers studied a group of neurons in mice. They observed that when the neuron activity is compromised, feeding behavior becomes less related to the body's metabolic needs and more dependent on food palatability. These results could explain how ever easier access to appetizing foods may contribute to compulsive eating disorders and favor obesity.

Activated neurons produce protective protein against neurodegenerative conditions

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 03:50 AM PDT

Activated neurons produce a protein that protects against nerve cell death. Researchers have found out how this effect comes about and defined a crucial player.

The mending tissue: Cellular instructions for tissue repair

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 03:50 AM PDT

A new study identifies the universal mechanism that explains how tissue shape regulates physiological processes such as wound healing and embryo development.

Blood vessel cells help tumors evade the immune system

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 03:49 AM PDT

A new study is the first to suggest that cells in the tumor blood vessels contribute to a local environment that protects the cancer cells from tumor-killing immune cells. The results can contribute to the development of better immune-based cancer therapies.

Discovery of new code makes reprogramming of cancer cells possible

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 03:49 AM PDT

Cancer researchers dream of the day they can force tumor cells to morph back to the normal cells they once were. Now, researchers have discovered a way to potentially reprogram cancer cells back to normalcy.

Young adults believe hookah, e-cigs are safer than cigarettes

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 03:47 AM PDT

Many college students are making their way back to campus this month, and back to the habits -- good or bad -- that dorm-life promotes. A new study finds that young adults under 25, including high school grads and college students, are more likely to rate hookah and e-cigarettes as safer than cigarettes, when compared to 25 to 34-year-olds.

Heart medications that target stress may help prolong survival in women with ovarian cancer

Posted: 24 Aug 2015 03:47 AM PDT

A new analysis of patient records indicates that certain drugs taken to improve heart health may also have anti-cancer properties.

One in 5 over-65s who drink alcohol do so at unsafe levels

Posted: 23 Aug 2015 06:53 PM PDT

One in five older people who drink alcohol are consuming it at unsafe levels -- over 21 units of alcohol for men and 14 units for women each week -- according to a new study. The research found these unsafe older drinkers are more likely to be of higher socioeconomic status.
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