ScienceDaily: Top News

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• High iron intake may increase appetite, disease risk
• Flood damage after Hurricane Katrina could have been prevented, experts say
• Another milestone in hybrid artificial photosynthesis
• E-health vital in battle against heart disease say cardiology leaders
• Catastrophic landslides post-earthquake
• Electronic trigger reduces delays in evaluation for cancer diagnosis
• Better maternal diet linked to lower risk of heart abnormalities in babies at birth
• Men who feel they fall short of 'masculine' gender norms may be prone to violence
• Chimpanzees found to survive in degraded and human-dominated habitats
• Long-term NSAID use may reduce CRC risk
• Medical terms lead to divide between parents and doctors
• Protein with promise for cancer therapy identified
• Humans carry more antibiotic-resistant bacteria than animals they work with
• Is MERS another SARS? The facts behind Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
• Personal clothing may spread respiratory infections within the NICU
• Off switch for biofilm formation discovered
• Entomologists sniff out new stink bug to help soybean farmers control damage
• Bacterial infection makes farmers out of amoebae
• Tiny antibodies point to vulnerability in disease-causing parasites
• Antidepressants fine-tune brain reward pathway to lessen neuropathic pain
• New blood test for colon cancer improves colonoscopy screening results
• Power lines restrict sage grouse movement in Washington
• Underlying cause of diabetes in dogs
• Compound found in red wine causes conflicting changes in dogs' immune systems
• Promising class of new cancer drugs might cause memory loss in mice
• Nerve-like polymer network created: Gentle interface for prosthetics?
• Inaccuracies in head impact sensors
• Scientists discover electrical control of cancer cell growth
• Most comprehensive analysis of electricity reliability trends
• Men, people over 65 sleep better when they have access to nature
• Issues surrounding security tools for software developers
• Under the wing of science: Two methods for aging nestling Carnaby's cockatoo species
• Influenza vaccines provide moderate protection throughout the entire flu season
• Reducing pain during vaccination: New guideline to help manage pain in children and adults
• Similar outcomes for mothers and babies at low risk delivered by family physicians and obstetricians
• Black bears in Yosemite forage primarily on plants and nuts
• Purifying contaminated water with crab shells
• Bilingualism and the brain: How language shapes our ability to process information
• The Rubik's Cube of economics
• Discovery of novel mechanism for blood vessel formation for blood vessel formation paves the way for more effective vascular therapies
• Autism: Transforming behavioral therapy with technology
• Giving pharmacists the power to combat opioid overdoses
• How zebrafish rebuild the skeleton of amputated fins
• MouthLab: Patients' vital signs are just a breath away
• Record high pressure squeezes secrets out of osmium
• How exposure to brief trauma and sudden sounds form lasting memories
• A little light interaction leaves quantum physicists beaming
• Association between transient newborn hypoglycemia, 4th grade achievement
• Stopping antihypertensive therapy in older patients did not improve functioning
• Primary prevention use of statins increases among the oldest old
• Diversity in graduate medical education; women majority in 7 specialties in 2012
• Genetic overlapping in multiple autoimmune diseases may suggest common therapies
• Research may solve ancient lunar fire fountain mystery
• New light shed on end of Snowball Earth period
• Climate profound impact on marine biodiversity
• Trace heavy metals in plastics pose no immediate food safety threat but may lead to long-term environmental problems
• Major advance toward more effective, long-lasting flu vaccine
• Flu vaccinations make sense for elderly, study suggests
• Synthesis of a new nanomaterial: Self-assembly may work within the body
• Physical activity linked to greater mental flexibility in older adults

High iron intake may increase appetite, disease risk Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:23 PM PDT Here's one more reason to cut down on the amount of red meat you eat. Using an animal model, researchers have found that dietary iron intake, equivalent to heavy red meat consumption, suppresses leptin, a hormone that regulates appetite.

Flood damage after Hurricane Katrina could have been prevented, experts say Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:22 PM PDT A decade after hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans, experts say the flooding that caused over 1,800 deaths and billions of dollars in property damage could have been prevented had the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers retained an external review board to double-check its flood-wall designs.

Another milestone in hybrid artificial photosynthesis Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:22 PM PDT Researchers using a bioinorganic hybrid approach to artificial photosynthesis have combined semiconducting nanowires with select microbes to create a system that produces renewable molecular hydrogen and uses it to synthesize carbon dioxide into methane, the primary constituent of natural gas.

E-health vital in battle against heart disease say cardiology leaders Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:21 PM PDT E-health is vital to winning the battle against heart disease, cardiology leaders said. The novel paper outlines how the ESC will exploit e-health in education and research, while tackling issues of quality control and data security.

Catastrophic landslides post-earthquake Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:20 PM PDT In the last few months, it has once more become clear that large earthquakes can solicit catastrophic landsliding. In the wake of the Nepal earthquake, the landslide community has been warning of persistent and damaging mass wasting due to monsoon rainfall in the epicentral area. However, very little is actually known about the legacy of earthquakes on steep, unstable hillslopes.

Electronic trigger reduces delays in evaluation for cancer diagnosis Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:19 PM PDT Electronic triggers designed to search for key data, developed by researchers at Baylor College of Medicine and Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, were able to identify and reduce follow-up delays for patients being evaluated for a diagnosis of colon or prostate cancer.

Better maternal diet linked to lower risk of heart abnormalities in babies at birth Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:19 PM PDT A relatively healthy diet before pregnancy is linked to a lower rate of certain heart abnormalities in babies at birth, finds research.

Men who feel they fall short of 'masculine' gender norms may be prone to violence Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:19 PM PDT Men whose image of themselves falls short of the traditional masculine gender norms, and who feel that others think this about them too, may be more prone to violence than men who feel comfortable in their own skin, suggests research.

Chimpanzees found to survive in degraded and human-dominated habitats Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:19 PM PDT A chimpanzee population in Uganda has been found to be three times larger than previously estimated, according to new research. The study suggests that chimpanzees may adapt to degraded habitats better than expected, but also highlights the importance of new and more focused conservation strategies.

Long-term NSAID use may reduce CRC risk Posted: 24 Aug 2015 06:19 PM PDT Long-term, continuous use of low-dose aspirin and nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with decreased colorectal cancer risk. The findings of a population-based, case-control study.

Medical terms lead to divide between parents and doctors Posted: 24 Aug 2015 01:41 PM PDT Few things are more stressful than dealing with a sick child. From discussing treatment with a pediatrician to complying with day care policies, a parent must consider many factors when making a decision about their child's health. Now, a recent study is shedding light on the significant divide that can exist between patients and physicians about the same terminology -- especially when it comes to discussing "pink eye," a particular flashpoint in childcare.

Protein with promise for cancer therapy identified Posted: 24 Aug 2015 01:41 PM PDT A researcher says he has solved a cell division mystery in a way that will intrigue the makers of cancer-fighting drugs.

Humans carry more antibiotic-resistant bacteria than animals they work with Posted: 24 Aug 2015 01:30 PM PDT One of the most common and costly diseases faced by the dairy industry is bovine mastitis, a potentially fatal bacterial inflammation of the mammary gland. Widespread use of antibiotics to treat the disease is often blamed for generating antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, researchers investigating staphylococcal populations responsible for causing mastitis in dairy cows in South Africa found that humans carried more antibiotic-resistant staphylococci than the farm animals with which they worked.

Is MERS another SARS? The facts behind Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Posted: 24 Aug 2015 01:30 PM PDT Experts show that while Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, a viral respiratory illness, is infecting less people, it has a higher mortality rate and affects a specific target population when compared to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.

Personal clothing may spread respiratory infections within the NICU Posted: 24 Aug 2015 01:30 PM PDT Respiratory syncytial virus, which is the leading cause of childhood respiratory hospitalizations among premature babies, can be detected from the clothes worn by caregivers/visitors who are visiting infants in the neonatal intensive care unit, according to new research.

Off switch for biofilm formation discovered Posted: 24 Aug 2015 01:30 PM PDT When disease-causing bacteria establish a biofilm on hospital equipment, it can be impossible to sterilize the devices, raising infection rates and necessitating expensive replacements. Now, scientists have found an enzyme that shuts down the signals bacteria use to form a biofilm. The findings could one day help make biofilm-related complications a distant memory.

Entomologists sniff out new stink bug to help soybean farmers control damage Posted: 24 Aug 2015 12:25 PM PDT Entomologists in Texas got a whiff of a new stink bug doing economic damage to soybeans in Texas and are developing ways to help farmers combat it, according to a new report.

Bacterial infection makes farmers out of amoebae Posted: 24 Aug 2015 12:25 PM PDT A bacterial infection turns non-farming social amoebae into farmers, evolutionary biologists report.

Tiny antibodies point to vulnerability in disease-causing parasites Posted: 24 Aug 2015 12:25 PM PDT By teasing apart the structure of an enzyme vital to the parasites that cause toxoplasmosis and malaria, scientists have identified a potentially 'drugable' target that could prevent parasites from entering and exiting host cells.

Antidepressants fine-tune brain reward pathway to lessen neuropathic pain Posted: 24 Aug 2015 12:25 PM PDT Commonly used antidepressant drugs change levels of a key signaling protein in the brain region that processes both pain and mood, according to a new study.

New blood test for colon cancer improves colonoscopy screening results Posted: 24 Aug 2015 11:38 AM PDT Thanks in part to screening technologies like colonoscopy; colon cancer is often detected in its earliest stages. Researchers have now found a way to screen blood samples for molecular traces that indicate the presence of precancerous polyps in the colon, a key warning sign for colon cancer.

Power lines restrict sage grouse movement in Washington Posted: 24 Aug 2015 11:13 AM PDT Transmission lines that funnel power from hydroelectric dams and wind turbines across Eastern Washington affect greater sage grouse habitat by isolating fragile populations and limiting movement, a new study finds.

Underlying cause of diabetes in dogs Posted: 24 Aug 2015 11:09 AM PDT Researchers have used advanced imaging technology to fill in details about the underlying cause of canine diabetes, which until now has been little understood.

Compound found in red wine causes conflicting changes in dogs' immune systems Posted: 24 Aug 2015 11:09 AM PDT Researchers have found that resveratrol does affect the immune systems of dogs in different ways when introduced to dogs' blood.

Promising class of new cancer drugs might cause memory loss in mice Posted: 24 Aug 2015 11:09 AM PDT New research shows that a family of cancer drugs currently tested in patient trials can induce neurological changes in mice. The findings underscore the need for more research to determine whether these compounds can enter the brain, where they potentially might cause side effects such as memory loss.

Nerve-like polymer network created: Gentle interface for prosthetics? Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:45 AM PDT The first use of biological proteins to maneuver chemical polymers has created nerve-like structures that could serve as a gentler interface between nerves and prosthetic devices.

Inaccuracies in head impact sensors Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:08 AM PDT With increasing concern about concussions from sports, some players have started wearing electronic sensors to measure head impacts. But a new study has found that some of the sensors for non-helmeted sports are not fast enough to measure hard hits and don't accurately measure what are thought to be the most serious, angular hits.

Scientists discover electrical control of cancer cell growth Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:08 AM PDT The molecular switches regulating human cell growth do a great job of replacing cells that die during the course of a lifetime. But when they misfire, life-threatening cancers can occur. Research has now revealed a new electrical mechanism that can control these switches.

Most comprehensive analysis of electricity reliability trends Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:08 AM PDT In the most comprehensive analysis of electricity reliability trends in the United States, researchers have found that, while, on average, the frequency of power outages has not changed in recent years, the total number of minutes customers are without power each year has been increasing over time.

Men, people over 65 sleep better when they have access to nature Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:08 AM PDT Men and persons age 65 and older who have access to natural surroundings, whether it's the green space of a nearby park or a sandy beach and an ocean view, report sleeping better.

Issues surrounding security tools for software developers Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:05 AM PDT For software programmers, security tools are analytic software that can scan or run their code to expose vulnerabilities long before the software goes to market. But these tools can have shortcomings, and programmers don't always use them. New research tackles three different aspects of the issue.

Under the wing of science: Two methods for aging nestling Carnaby's cockatoo species Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:05 AM PDT Two methods for aging the endangered Carnaby's cockatoo nestlings have been researched and assessed by an Australian team of scientists. Their multi-year observation included over two separate populations of the endemic to southwestern Australia species.

Influenza vaccines provide moderate protection throughout the entire flu season Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:05 AM PDT Individuals who received the flu vaccine were protected for up to 6 months post-vaccination, the duration of most flu seasons, according to a new study.

Reducing pain during vaccination: New guideline to help manage pain in children and adults Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:04 AM PDT A new guideline aims to ensure that pain during vaccination is minimized in both children and adults.

Similar outcomes for mothers and babies at low risk delivered by family physicians and obstetricians Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:04 AM PDT For pregnant women who are at low risk of complications giving birth, the risk of newborn death and maternal complications is similar for obstetric deliveries by family physicians and obstetricians, according to a large study.

Black bears in Yosemite forage primarily on plants and nuts Posted: 24 Aug 2015 10:04 AM PDT Black bears in Yosemite National Park that don't seek out human foods subsist primarily on plants and nuts, according to a study conducted by biologists who also found that ants and other sources of animal protein, such as mule deer, make up only a small fraction of the bears' annual diet.

Purifying contaminated water with crab shells Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:49 AM PDT Scientists have found that crab shells are effective in removing copper and cadmium from contaminated waters.

Bilingualism and the brain: How language shapes our ability to process information Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:49 AM PDT In an increasingly globalised world, there are many practical benefits to speaking two languages rather than one. Even in the US, which is largely monolingual, more than 20 percent of the population is now thought to speak a second language.

The Rubik's Cube of economics Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:49 AM PDT Like the Rubik's Cube, a three-dimensional combination puzzle where every twist also scrambles the face opposite of it, economics puzzles are similarly interlinked -- a change in policy may lead to repercussions elsewhere.

Discovery of novel mechanism for blood vessel formation for blood vessel formation paves the way for more effective vascular therapies Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:49 AM PDT An improved understanding of how the circulatory system is formed is the first step to combating multiple diseases characterized by vascular issues.

Autism: Transforming behavioral therapy with technology Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:47 AM PDT Using computer vision, signal processing and privacy protection, a doctoral student, along with electrical and computer engineering professors, have developed "MEBook," a combination of a social narrative and gaming system that psychologists and parents can use as behavioral therapies for autistic children.

Giving pharmacists the power to combat opioid overdoses Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:46 AM PDT In response to the growing opioid crisis, several states, including Massachusetts and Rhode Island, have granted pharmacists the authority to provide naloxone rescue kits without a prescription to at-risk patients. This model of pharmacy-based naloxone education and distribution is one of the public health strategies currently being evaluated at hundreds of pharmacies in both states to determine the impact on opioid overdose death rates.

How zebrafish rebuild the skeleton of amputated fins Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:46 AM PDT Researchers have uncovered the mechanisms that allow bone-forming cells to regenerate a correctly shaped new fin skeleton.

MouthLab: Patients' vital signs are just a breath away Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:45 AM PDT Engineers and physicians have developed a hand-held, battery-powered device that quickly picks up vital signs from a patient's lips and fingertip.

Record high pressure squeezes secrets out of osmium Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:45 AM PDT An international team of scientists has created the highest static pressure ever achieved in a lab: Using a special high pressure device, the researchers investigated the behavior of the metal osmium at pressures of up to 770 Gigapascals -- more than twice the pressure in the inner core of the Earth. Surprisingly, osmium does not change its crystal structure, but the core electrons of the atoms come so close to each other that they can interact.

How exposure to brief trauma and sudden sounds form lasting memories Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:45 AM PDT Researchers have found how even brief exposure to sudden sounds or mild trauma can form permanent, long-term brain connections, or memories, in a specific region of the brain.

A little light interaction leaves quantum physicists beaming Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:42 AM PDT A team of physicists has taken a step toward making the essential building block of quantum computers out of pure light. Their advance has to do with logic gates that perform operations on input data to create new outputs.

Association between transient newborn hypoglycemia, 4th grade achievement Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:42 AM PDT A study matching newborn glucose concentration screening results with fourth-grade achievement test scores suggests that early transient newborn hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) was associated with lower test scores at age 10, according to a new article.

Stopping antihypertensive therapy in older patients did not improve functioning Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:42 AM PDT Discontinuing antihypertensive therapy for patients 75 or older with mild cognitive deficits did not improve short-term cognitive, psychological or general daily functioning.

Primary prevention use of statins increases among the oldest old Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:42 AM PDT The use of statins for primary prevention in patients without vascular disease older than 79 increased between 1999 and 2012, although there is little randomized evidence to guide the use of these cholesterol-lowering medications in this patient population.

Diversity in graduate medical education; women majority in 7 specialties in 2012 Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:42 AM PDT Women accounted for the majority of graduate medical education trainees in seven specialties in 2012 but in no specialties were the percentages of black or Hispanic trainees comparable with the representation of these groups in the US population.

Genetic overlapping in multiple autoimmune diseases may suggest common therapies Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:42 AM PDT Scientists who analyzed the genes involved in 10 autoimmune diseases that begin in childhood have discovered 22 genome-wide signals shared by two or more diseases. These shared gene sites may reveal potential new targets for treating many of these diseases, in some cases with existing drugs already available for non-autoimmune disorders.

Research may solve ancient lunar fire fountain mystery Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:42 AM PDT Scientists have found traces of carbon in volcanic glass collected from the Apollo missions to the Moon. The finding may not only explain the driving force behind ancient 'fire fountain' eruptions on the Moon but also suggest that some volatile elements on the Moon and Earth have a common origin.

New light shed on end of Snowball Earth period Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:42 AM PDT The second ice age during the Cryogenian period was not followed by the sudden and chaotic melting-back of the ice as previously thought, but ended with regular advances and retreats of the ice, according to new research.

Climate profound impact on marine biodiversity Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:42 AM PDT New research into the impact of climate change has found that warming oceans will cause profound changes in the global distribution of marine biodiversity. The study found that a rapidly warming climate would cause many species to expand into new regions, which would impact on native species, while others with restricted ranges, particularly those around the tropics, are more likely to face extinction.

Trace heavy metals in plastics pose no immediate food safety threat but may lead to long-term environmental problems Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:08 AM PDT The trace amounts of toxic substances used to make plastics don't contaminate the food or beverage products they contain at a significant level and pose no immediate threat to consumers, according to recent Iowa State University research. But the plastics may create environmental problems years after they've been used.

Major advance toward more effective, long-lasting flu vaccine Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:05 AM PDT Medical researchers have found a way to induce antibodies to fight a wide range of influenza subtypes -- work that could one day eliminate the need for repeated seasonal flu shots.

Flu vaccinations make sense for elderly, study suggests Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:05 AM PDT Amid debate about whether flu vaccination really helps the elderly, a new study provides fresh evidence that it does. Researchers found vaccines well matched to the year's flu strain significantly reduce deaths and hospitalizations compared to when the match is poor, suggesting that vaccination indeed makes a difference. They project that well-matched vaccines saves thousands of lives every flu season.

Synthesis of a new nanomaterial: Self-assembly may work within the body Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:05 AM PDT Scientists have discovered, for the first time, a new nanocomposite formed by the self-assembly of copper and a biological component that occurs under physiological conditions, which are similar those found in the human body and could be used in targeted drug delivery for fighting diseases such as cancer.

Physical activity linked to greater mental flexibility in older adults Posted: 24 Aug 2015 08:05 AM PDT One day soon, doctors may determine how physically active you are simply by imaging your brain. Physically fit people tend to have larger brain volumes and more intact white matter than their less-fit peers. Now a new study reveals that older adults who regularly engage in moderate to vigorous physical activity have more variable brain activity at rest than those who don't. This variability is associated with better cognitive performance, researchers say.

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