ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Glaucoma and driving ability
• Should crime victims call the police?
• Scientists unveil fundamental properties of spin Seebeck effect
• First whale detected by newly deployed acoustic buoy in New York Bight
• Swirling data: Boosting computing power and info transfer rates tenfold
• Evolution drives how fast plants could migrate with climate change
• Plastic 'continents': Is there a way out?
• Maintaining healthy relationships: Studies identify a promising way
• Why brain neurons in Parkinson's disease stop benefiting from levodopa
• Earth's mantle appears to have a driving role in plate tectonics
• The feel of food
• Mulching plus remediation corrects contaminated lawns
• Sustainable sensors to detect, predict muscle fatigue
• Songbirds' epic migrations connected to a small cluster of genes
• No dream: Electric brain stimulation during sleep can boost memory
• With too little to eat, 'massive number' of reef sharks depend on delivery
• Effects of past tropical deforestation will be felt for years to come
• Sex and death insights from a mutant roundworm
• Open-source drug discovery a success
• Conception timed with periods of low mosquito activity could reduce Zika virus infection
• Tomatoes resist a parasitic vine by detecting its peptide
• Breakthrough solar cell captures carbon dioxide and sunlight, produces burnable fuel
• Toward an effective TB vaccine: Analysis of the immune response to a promising candidate
• Students seek to reduce deaths from battlefield injuries that block breathing
• Pain often improves in older veterans, study shows
• Study shows distress intolerance associated with opioid misuse
• Protein ZMYND8 tied to suppression of prostate cancer tumor metastasis
• Two proteins safeguard skin stem cells
• Discovery of a novel gene for hereditary colon cancer
• Researchers solve mystery on how regenerative medicine works
• New non-invasive imaging method for showing oxygen in tissue
• Music makes beer taste better
• Brain changes after menopause may lead to lack of physical activity
• Household MRSA controlled through treatment compliance, patient education
• Virtual rocks: A new spin on virtual geology
• T-cells can be directed to treat a variety of ovarian cancers
• Why do antidepressants take so long to work?
• How Australian giant cuttlefish react to threats
• Confronted with sepsis, key immune mechanism breaks, scientists find
• Websites with history can be just as conversational as chatting with a person
• Researchers discover gene variant associated with esophageal cancer
• Even mild vision impairment has influence on quality of life
• Social media linked to more satisfaction with breast cancer treatment decisions
• New research adds evidence on potential treatments targeting amyloid beta in Alzheimer's
• Updated position statement on noninvasive prenatal screening for detection of fetal aneuploidy
• Highly sensitive and effective tool measures how your cells grow and divide
• Zika virus challenges for neuropsychiatry
• Fast-growth cyanobacteria have allure for biofuel, chemical production
• Selfie righteous: New tool corrects angles and distances in portraits
• Street 'Norco' looks like the real thing but really, really isn't
• Los Angeles mountain lions hunt closer to human settlements than expected
• New Leishmania virulence strategies
• Physicist offers leading theory about mysterious Large Hadron Collider excess
• Scientists discover how certain proteins may help fight chlamydia
• Beating the heat a challenge at the nanoscale
• Prostate cancer breakthrough could lead to new diagnostic tests and treatments
• Photopharmacology and optogenetics: Lighting the way for second messengers
• Pneumonia discovery may offer way to boost body's defenses
• 'Pain paradox' discovery provides route to new pain control drugs
• Creativity, intermedial languages as bridge to communicate with autistic children

Glaucoma and driving ability Posted: 28 Jul 2016 12:56 PM PDT Safe driving requires clear central vision and adequate peripheral vision. Glaucoma typically leads to constriction of the visual field, sparing the central vision.

Should crime victims call the police? Posted: 28 Jul 2016 12:50 PM PDT New research finds that individuals who report being victims of crime to police are less likely to become future victims of crime than those who do not report their initial experiences.

Scientists unveil fundamental properties of spin Seebeck effect Posted: 28 Jul 2016 12:50 PM PDT Physicists have revealed essential properties of the spin Seebeck effect. Their findings contribute to a more thorough understanding of the underlying processes of this effect and thereby support its further development for first applications.

First whale detected by newly deployed acoustic buoy in New York Bight Posted: 28 Jul 2016 12:50 PM PDT A new acoustic buoy recently deployed to listen for some of the world's biggest animals in the New York Bight has detected its first whale species, and it's a really big one.

Swirling data: Boosting computing power and info transfer rates tenfold Posted: 28 Jul 2016 12:50 PM PDT Like a whirlpool, a new light-based communication tool carries data in a swift, circular motion. The optics advancement could become a central component of next generation computers designed to handle society's growing demand for information sharing. It may also be a salve to those fretting over the predicted end of Moore's Law.

Evolution drives how fast plants could migrate with climate change Posted: 28 Jul 2016 12:50 PM PDT New research suggests evolution is a driving mechanism behind plant migration, and that scientists may be underestimating how quickly species can move.

Plastic 'continents': Is there a way out? Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:37 AM PDT Plastic "continents" are not static. Based on the oceanic circulation modelling work conducted in the Pacific, researchers have recently shown that there are exit currents for these areas of the sea where these piles of waste build up. This means that they are not caught in a never-ending whirlpool in the middle of the ocean, as had been previously thought. Although inappropriate given the actual estimated concentrations, this term highlights the awareness of the impact of human activity on the oceans.

Maintaining healthy relationships: Studies identify a promising way Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:36 AM PDT Thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts, according to a study. The research also, say the researchers, has potential implications for understanding how prospection, or future-thinking, can be a beneficial strategy for a variety of conflicts people experience in their everyday lives.

Why brain neurons in Parkinson's disease stop benefiting from levodopa Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:36 AM PDT Though the drug levodopa can dramatically improve Parkinson's disease symptoms, within five years one-half of the patients using L-DOPA develop an irreversible condition -- involuntary repetitive, rapid and jerky movements. UAB researchers have uncovered an essential mechanism of long-term memory for L-DOPA-induced-dyskinesia: widespread reorganization of DNA methylation, and this may be a therapeutic target to prevent or reverse dyskinesia.

Earth's mantle appears to have a driving role in plate tectonics Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:35 AM PDT Deep down below us is a tug of war moving at less than the speed of growing fingernails. Keeping your balance is not a concern, but how the movement happens has been debated among geologists. New clues found off Washington coast challenge a long-held notion of what moves what deep under the sea.

The feel of food Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:35 AM PDT Some people love avocados. Others hate them. For many of the latter, the fruit's texture is the source of their intense dislike. What gives? A team of biologists has now discovered the cellular mechanism through which fruit flies sense food texture.

Mulching plus remediation corrects contaminated lawns Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:35 AM PDT A study compared the effectiveness of combining mulching with remediation for reseeding lawns damaged by diesel and hydraulic fluid spills. Reseeding perennial ryegrass and mulching with peat pellets after remediation with either humic amendment or activated charcoal resulted in acceptable turf quality six weeks after fluid spills. The method was determined effective and recommended for use with other cool-season turfgrasses.

Sustainable sensors to detect, predict muscle fatigue Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:35 AM PDT A new study aims to take advantage of sweat's trove of medical information through the development of a sustainable, wearable sensor to detect lactate levels in your perspiration.

Songbirds' epic migrations connected to a small cluster of genes Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:32 AM PDT There is a genetic basis to the migratory routes flown by songbirds, scientists have found. The have now narrowed in on a relatively small cluster of genes that may govern the behavior.

No dream: Electric brain stimulation during sleep can boost memory Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:32 AM PDT For the first time, scientists report using transcranial alternating current stimulation, or tACS, to target a specific kind of brain activity during sleep and strengthen memory in healthy people.

With too little to eat, 'massive number' of reef sharks depend on delivery Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:32 AM PDT It stands to reason in a healthy environment that prey should always vastly outnumber the predators that eat them. But researchers have found that sometimes, even in the most untouched environments on the planet, that food pyramid can be turned upside down.

Effects of past tropical deforestation will be felt for years to come Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:32 AM PDT Even if people completely stopped converting tropical forests into farmland, the impacts of tropical deforestation would continue to be felt for many years to come. That's the conclusion of researchers who have used historical rates and patterns of tropical deforestation around the globe to estimate the resulting carbon emissions and species losses over time.

Sex and death insights from a mutant roundworm Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:29 AM PDT All at once, a roundworm overhauls an array of survival strategies, and researchers suspect multiple mutations behind it. But they're surprised when they trace the sweeping changes back to one tiny mutation on a single gene, and find a hint at a genetic regulator of so-called life history trade-offs.

Open-source drug discovery a success Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:29 AM PDT In what is being called the first-ever test of open-source drug-discovery, researchers from around the world have successfully identified compounds to pursue in treating and preventing parasite-borne illnesses such as malaria as well as cancer. The results have ignited more a dozen drug-development projects for a variety of diseases.

Conception timed with periods of low mosquito activity could reduce Zika virus infection Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:29 AM PDT Women could prevent contracting the mosquito-borne Zika virus while pregnant by timing the first months of pregnancy with seasonal declines in mosquito activity. The paper is the first to suggest that women in the countries affected by the Zika virus epidemic can still safely pursue motherhood.

Tomatoes resist a parasitic vine by detecting its peptide Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:29 AM PDT Tomato plants deter attacks from a parasitic plant that's known to ravage crops by detecting one of its peptides, a new study reveals.

Breakthrough solar cell captures carbon dioxide and sunlight, produces burnable fuel Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:29 AM PDT Researchers have engineered a potentially game-changing solar cell that cheaply and efficiently converts atmospheric carbon dioxide directly into usable hydrocarbon fuel, using only sunlight for energy.

Toward an effective TB vaccine: Analysis of the immune response to a promising candidate Posted: 28 Jul 2016 11:29 AM PDT BCG, the only currently approved TB vaccine, is only partially effective. Given the complicated TB treatment, the rise of adult TB cases in conjunction with the HIV epidemic, and increasing multidrug-resistant TB strains, a new and better vaccine is a global health priority. A new study dissects the immune response in mice to an experimental vaccine and shows why it is highly effective.

Students seek to reduce deaths from battlefield injuries that block breathing Posted: 28 Jul 2016 10:04 AM PDT Undergrad engineers have designed a low-cost, low-tech device to make it easier for combat medics to create an artificial airway and pump air into the lungs of wounded soldiers.

Pain often improves in older veterans, study shows Posted: 28 Jul 2016 10:04 AM PDT Older military veterans frequently show improvements in pain intensity over time. However, opioids, some mental health conditions and certain pain diagnoses are associated with lower likelihood of improvement, according to new research.

Study shows distress intolerance associated with opioid misuse Posted: 28 Jul 2016 10:02 AM PDT Inability to manage negative emotional and somatic stress is associated with opioid misuse in adults with chronic pain, according to new research.

Protein ZMYND8 tied to suppression of prostate cancer tumor metastasis Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:57 AM PDT Although it reads like European license plate number, a protein known as ZMYND8 has demonstrated its ability to block metastasis-linked genes in prostate cancer, according to a study.

Two proteins safeguard skin stem cells Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:54 AM PDT Our skin renews, heals wounds, and regenerates the hair that covers it thanks to a small group of stem cells. Now a research team has identified two proteins that are fundamental to conserve skin stem cells and has shown that without these proteins these cells are lost.

Discovery of a novel gene for hereditary colon cancer Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:54 AM PDT The formation of large numbers of polyps in the colon has a high probability of developing into colon cancer, if left untreated. The large-scale appearance of polyps is often due to a hereditary cause; in this case the disease can occur in multiple family members. Now a team of researchers has discovered genetic changes in the MSH3 gene in patients and identified a new rare form of hereditary colon cancer.

Researchers solve mystery on how regenerative medicine works Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:53 AM PDT Researchers have identified a mechanism by which bioscaffolds used in regenerative medicine influence cellular behavior, a question that has remained unanswered since the technology was first developed several decades ago.

New non-invasive imaging method for showing oxygen in tissue Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:53 AM PDT Learning how to look inside a body without having to cut it open is still an important part of medical research. One of the great challenges in imaging remains the visualization of oxygen in tissue. Scientists have now developed a new approach to this task.

Music makes beer taste better Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:53 AM PDT Music can influence how much you like the taste of beer, according to a new study.

Brain changes after menopause may lead to lack of physical activity Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:53 AM PDT Researchers have found a connection between lack of ovarian hormones and changes in the brain's pleasure center, a hotspot in the brain that processes and reinforces messages related to reward, pleasure, activity and motivation for physical exercise. Findings suggest that activation of brain receptors in that part of the brain may serve as a future treatment to improve motivation for physical activity in postmenopausal women.

Household MRSA controlled through treatment compliance, patient education Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:53 AM PDT A new study found that following basic hygienic practices and complying with protocols for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) decolonization reduces the time to clearance of the bacteria more quickly than a treatment regimen of antibiotic ointment and antiseptic body wash. The findings demonstrate the importance of educating patients in hygienic practices, in addition to encouraging adherence to decolonization protocols in the treatment of MRSA.

Virtual rocks: A new spin on virtual geology Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:53 AM PDT Over the past decade, the number of virtual field trips created to simulate in-person field excursions has grown, but one aspect of physical fieldwork is not commonly replicated: Virtual explorers do not often return to their desks with collections of virtual rocks. Three-dimensional virtual samples can enhance just about any geoscience activity, from online college courses to remote research collaboration.

T-cells can be directed to treat a variety of ovarian cancers Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:52 AM PDT Scientists have discovered a receptor-protein that is expressed on the surface of different types of ovarian tumor cells, including clear cell and mucinous ovarian tumors, two of the most aggressive subtypes of the disease. The protein is not found on non-ovarian healthy tissues in adult women, meaning that this protein could represent a highly specific therapeutic target in a range of ovarian tumors.

Why do antidepressants take so long to work? Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:52 AM PDT An episode of major depression can be crippling, impairing the ability to sleep, work, or eat. But the drugs available to treat depression can take weeks or even months to start working. Researchers have discovered one reason the drugs take so long to work, and their finding could help scientists develop faster-acting drugs in the future.

How Australian giant cuttlefish react to threats Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:50 AM PDT Male cuttlefish do not bluff. When their body language shows they are agitated, they are. This was one of the findings from a study on the giant Australian cuttlefish.

Confronted with sepsis, key immune mechanism breaks, scientists find Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:50 AM PDT When the body encounters an infection, a molecular signaling system ramps up the body's infection-fighting system to produce more white blood cells to attack invading bacteria. Now researchers have discovered that when facing a massive bacterial infection resulting in sepsis, that same signaling system malfunctions, damaging the body's ability to fight the invaders.

Websites with history can be just as conversational as chatting with a person Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:50 AM PDT A website with search and interaction history can be just as engaging as chatting with an online human agent, or robot helper, according to researchers.

Researchers discover gene variant associated with esophageal cancer Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:50 AM PDT A rare genetic mutation is associated with susceptibility to familial Barrett esophagus and esophageal cancer, according to a new study that set out to identify novel disease susceptibility variants in FBE in affected individuals from a large multigenerational family.

Even mild vision impairment has influence on quality of life Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:50 AM PDT Blindness is known to have a broad-ranging adverse influence on affected individuals, their families, and the societies in which they live and is exemplified by its association with impaired quality of life, worse general and mental health, curtailed life chances, and increased all-cause mortality. In a new study, researchers examined the association of visual health (across the full acuity spectrum) with social determinants of general health and the association between visual health and health and social outcomes.

Social media linked to more satisfaction with breast cancer treatment decisions Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:50 AM PDT Women who engaged on social media after a breast cancer diagnosis expressed more deliberation about their treatment decision and more satisfaction with the path they chose, a new study finds.

New research adds evidence on potential treatments targeting amyloid beta in Alzheimer's Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:50 AM PDT New research could provide additional clues for future treatment targets to delay Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, according to the group's latest findings.

Updated position statement on noninvasive prenatal screening for detection of fetal aneuploidy Posted: 28 Jul 2016 09:50 AM PDT Noninvasive prenatal screening using cell-free placental DNA circulating in maternal blood (NIPS) has been rapidly integrated into prenatal care since the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) released its 2013 Position Statement on its use. Now an updated position statement has been released.

Highly sensitive and effective tool measures how your cells grow and divide Posted: 28 Jul 2016 08:05 AM PDT An improved sequencing tool reveals dynamic changes of poly(A) tails in eggs and embryos. By revealing the dynamic poly(A) regulation during the translation of RNA into protein, the study furthered our understanding as to how the fabric of life is shaped: from the color of your skin to your hair to how tall you will grow.

Zika virus challenges for neuropsychiatry Posted: 28 Jul 2016 08:04 AM PDT The Zika virus led the World Health Organization to declare the outbreak a global public health emergency in February 2016, but how much is really known about its neurobiology and potential neuropsychiatric manifestations?

Fast-growth cyanobacteria have allure for biofuel, chemical production Posted: 28 Jul 2016 08:04 AM PDT While relentless bright light brings many forms of cyanobacteria to their knees -- figuratively, of course -- Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 does the opposite, thriving and growing at a rate that far outpaces most of its peers. Now researchers know why: it triples in size to accommodate a rapid expansion of the cellular machinery it uses to build proteins.

Selfie righteous: New tool corrects angles and distances in portraits Posted: 28 Jul 2016 08:04 AM PDT Researchers have unveiled a new photo-editing method for correcting distortions in 'selfies,' photos taken at abnormally close range, to make them look more like conventional portraits. The techniques have broader implications for adjusting and animating photos.

Street 'Norco' looks like the real thing but really, really isn't Posted: 28 Jul 2016 08:04 AM PDT A new article warns that a new street drug combining fentanyl and a novel synthetic opioid is being marketed illicitly as Norco but is much stronger and much more dangerous.

Los Angeles mountain lions hunt closer to human settlements than expected Posted: 28 Jul 2016 08:04 AM PDT Mountain lions hunt their mule deer prey closer to human settlements around Los Angeles than locations randomly distributed across their home ranges, according to a new study.

New Leishmania virulence strategies Posted: 28 Jul 2016 08:04 AM PDT Medical researchers have discovered novel virulence strategies employed by the Leishmania parasite. These scientific breakthroughs represent two important clues to understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing the parasitic infections that cause leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease endemic in one hundred countries.

Physicist offers leading theory about mysterious Large Hadron Collider excess Posted: 28 Jul 2016 08:03 AM PDT In December of last year, scientists at the Large Hadron Collider in Europe announced startling results hinting at the existence of an undiscovered subatomic particle -- one with a mass six times heavier than the Higgs boson, the particle that made headlines in 2012. The evidence is still thin, but if more data confirm the finding, it could sharpen humankind's understanding of the building blocks of the universe.

Scientists discover how certain proteins may help fight chlamydia Posted: 28 Jul 2016 07:56 AM PDT Scientists have made an interesting discovery, which may help fight chlamydia infection -- one of the most widespread STDs in the world. A series of experiments have shown that certain proteins are capable of killing harmful bacteria cells by shutting down their stress response system.

Beating the heat a challenge at the nanoscale Posted: 28 Jul 2016 07:56 AM PDT A little heat from a laser can disrupt measurements of materials at the nanoscale, according to scientists.

Prostate cancer breakthrough could lead to new diagnostic tests and treatments Posted: 28 Jul 2016 07:56 AM PDT Prostate cancer patients have been offered hope after scientists have identified a new group of molecules that could be targeted to slow tumor growth.

Photopharmacology and optogenetics: Lighting the way for second messengers Posted: 28 Jul 2016 07:56 AM PDT Scientist have created photosensitive mimics of a class of signaling molecules, thus enabling their actions to be regulated by light, and affording new insights into the communications networks that control cellular metabolism.

Pneumonia discovery may offer way to boost body's defenses Posted: 28 Jul 2016 07:56 AM PDT The finding may offer a new way for doctors to boost patients' ability to fight off the life-threatening infection as bacteria become more and more resistant to antibiotics.

'Pain paradox' discovery provides route to new pain control drugs Posted: 28 Jul 2016 07:56 AM PDT A natural substance known to activate pain in the central nervous system has been found to have the opposite effect in other parts of the body, potentially paving the way to new methods of pain control.

Creativity, intermedial languages as bridge to communicate with autistic children Posted: 28 Jul 2016 07:53 AM PDT This pioneering research using drama with autistic children started with an Arts and Humanities Research Council funded project 'Imagining Autism: Drama, Performance and Intermediality as Interventions for Autistic Spectrum Conditions' (2011-2014) working in special schools and has now extended to working with families

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