ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Fake IDs are a red flag for problem behaviors
• Inflammation triggers unsustainable immune response to chronic viral infection
• Would people be happier (and healthier) if we could make broccoli taste like chocolate?
• The importance of the amount of physical activity on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes
• Understanding bacteria's slimy fortresses
• Same day return to play after concussion still common among youth athletes
• Visits to pediatric emergency departments for headache pain in children are on the rise
• Adverse events affect children's development, physical health and biology
• Most adults surveyed don't know e-cigarette use deposits nicotine on indoor surfaces
• Potential harms of parents' online posts about children
• Head lice outbreaks in camp settings cause substantial burden on kids, staff
• Youth motocross racing injuries severe despite required safety gear
• Polymer scaffolds build a better pill to swallow
• Success reported in using cells from the nose to repair damaged knee joints, 2 years post operation
• Toxic peptides disrupt membrane-less organelles in neurodegenerative disease
• Startup advances three-in-one cancer drug
• Chemical inhibitor may provide lung cancer treatment
• Insight on ovarian cancer
• Mathematical analysis reveals architecture of the human genome
• Chemical tags affect ability of RNA viruses to infect cells
• Withholding amino acid depletes blood stem cells
• Electronic records help link genes to age-related hearing loss
• New approach for Parkinson's diagnosis with 'flux compensator'
• Anti-cancer effects found in natural compound derived from onions

Fake IDs are a red flag for problem behaviors Posted: 21 Oct 2016 06:43 PM PDT Have you heard of the CNN effect? There is also a "fake ID effect:" This is when a fake piece of identification facilitates later harms. Researchers already know that underage college students who obtain and use false identification are at risk for negative outcomes. This study investigated the strength of the fake ID effect to determine whether having a fake ID is a signal of being at risk or it actually increases the likelihood that a student will suffer alcohol-related problems.

Inflammation triggers unsustainable immune response to chronic viral infection Posted: 21 Oct 2016 12:49 PM PDT Scientists have discovered a fundamental new mechanism explaining the inadequate immune defense against chronic viral infection. These results may open up new avenues for vaccine development, say researchers.

Would people be happier (and healthier) if we could make broccoli taste like chocolate? Posted: 21 Oct 2016 10:19 AM PDT At the second annual International Society of Neurogastronomy Symposium, scientists, doctors, chefs and food scientists discuss flavor perception and quality of life for people who can't enjoy food because of their injury or illness.

The importance of the amount of physical activity on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:31 AM PDT New research reveals the importance of both the amount and timing of physical activity in reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), as well as aiding the management of the disease in existing T2D patients.

Understanding bacteria's slimy fortresses Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:26 AM PDT For the first time, scientists have revealed the mechanics of how bacteria build up slimy masses, called biofilms, cell by cell. When encased in biofilms in the human body, bacteria are a thousand times less susceptible to antibiotics, making certain infections, such as pneumonia, difficult to treat and potentially lethal. In a new study, engineers and biologists tracked a single bacterial cell as it grew into a mature biofilm of 10,000 cells with an ordered architecture. The findings should help scientists learn more about bacterial behavior and open up new ways of attacking biofilms with drugs.

Same day return to play after concussion still common among youth athletes Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:23 AM PDT Concussion guidelines published over the past decade -- and laws in all states -- now discourage youth athletes from returning to play if they display any signs of concussion after an injury. However, new research confirms athletes often head back into the game on the same day.

Visits to pediatric emergency departments for headache pain in children are on the rise Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:21 AM PDT There is a growing body of evidence that pediatric emergency departments are seeing a steady increase in the number of children presenting with headaches.

Adverse events affect children's development, physical health and biology Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:21 AM PDT It's known that adverse childhood experiences carry over into adult life, but a new study is focusing on the effect of these experiences in the childhood years.

Most adults surveyed don't know e-cigarette use deposits nicotine on indoor surfaces Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:20 AM PDT Most U.S. adults surveyed in 2015 agree that e-cigarette use should not be allowed in places where smoking is prohibited. Yet one-third of respondents allow use of the devices within their home, and fewer than half said they knew that exhaled e-cigarette vapors contain nicotine that deposits on indoor surfaces.

Potential harms of parents' online posts about children Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:19 AM PDT What parents share with others about their children in today's digital age presents new and often unanticipated risks.

Head lice outbreaks in camp settings cause substantial burden on kids, staff Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:17 AM PDT New research finds that lice can be the end of a happy summer for many kids at sleepaway camp.

Youth motocross racing injuries severe despite required safety gear Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:17 AM PDT A study at a Pennsylvania trauma center found competitive youth motocross athletes suffer potentially life-threatening injuries despite wearing helmets and other safety gear required on the sport's popular rough-terrain race courses.

Polymer scaffolds build a better pill to swallow Posted: 21 Oct 2016 06:48 AM PDT Nanoparticle drugs can make it easier for medications to reach their targets, say researchers. The researchers have developed a polymeric 'scaffold' that helps drugs that often have trouble entering the bloodstream, such as anti-cancer agents, form highly stable nanoparticles with improved bioavailability.

Success reported in using cells from the nose to repair damaged knee joints, 2 years post operation Posted: 20 Oct 2016 07:38 PM PDT Swiss doctors report that cartilage cells harvested from patients' own noses have been used to successfully produce cartilage transplants for the treatment of the knees of 10 adults (aged 18-55 years) whose cartilage was damaged by injury. Two years after reconstruction, most recipients reported improvements in pain, knee function, and quality of life, as well as developing repair tissue that is similar in composition to native cartilage.

Toxic peptides disrupt membrane-less organelles in neurodegenerative disease Posted: 20 Oct 2016 01:39 PM PDT Scientists reveal how toxic peptides that arise due to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia target the integrity of membrane-less organelles and trigger disease.

Startup advances three-in-one cancer drug Posted: 20 Oct 2016 01:39 PM PDT Co-D Therapeutics, a University of Wisconsin-Madison spinoff, is developing a three-drug cocktail to battle a wide range of cancers. The first target for Co-D is angiosarcoma, a rare and lethal cancer that arises from blood vessels.

Chemical inhibitor may provide lung cancer treatment Posted: 20 Oct 2016 01:39 PM PDT A chemical inhibitor that limits the growth of lung tumor cells has been identified by a team of researchers. The inhibitor works by partially disrupting glycosylation, the addition of sugar chains to proteins.

Insight on ovarian cancer Posted: 20 Oct 2016 01:37 PM PDT In a recent study, researchers have demonstrated that the tumors release substances called cytokines to attract macrophages.

Mathematical analysis reveals architecture of the human genome Posted: 20 Oct 2016 11:26 AM PDT Mathematical analysis has led researchers to a formula that can describe the movement of DNA inside living human cells. Using these calculations, researchers may be able to reveal the 3D architecture of the human genome. In the future, these results may allow scientists to understand in detail how DNA is organized and accessed by essential cellular machinery.

Chemical tags affect ability of RNA viruses to infect cells Posted: 20 Oct 2016 11:25 AM PDT Large swaths of DNA and its lesser-known cousin RNA are dotted by chemical tags that act like Post-It notes, providing additional instructions to the underlying genetic code. The most abundant of these RNA modifications goes by the name N6-methyladenosine, and has been implicated in a variety of biological processes. But very little is known about its role in infectious diseases. New research shows that RNA viruses are littered with N6-methyladenosine tags which affect the ability of these viruses to infect cells and, ultimately, their human hosts.

Withholding amino acid depletes blood stem cells Posted: 20 Oct 2016 11:21 AM PDT A dietary approach to depleting blood stem cells may make it possible to conduct bone marrow transplantations without the use of chemotherapy or radiation therapy, according to researchers. The discovery may also become a new way to treat certain cancers without chemo or radiation, which can cause severe side effects.

Electronic records help link genes to age-related hearing loss Posted: 20 Oct 2016 11:09 AM PDT A study of patient electronic medical records and genome sequences from adults with age-related hearing impairment identified two genetic variations linked to the hearing disorder.

New approach for Parkinson's diagnosis with 'flux compensator' Posted: 20 Oct 2016 07:35 AM PDT A new project for the early detection of Parkinson's disease with strongly magnetized xenon gas has been initiated. A team has received a three-year grant from the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research. This research aims to make a link between science fiction and pioneering basic research.

Anti-cancer effects found in natural compound derived from onions Posted: 20 Oct 2016 07:10 AM PDT Research has found that a natural compound isolated from onions, onionin A (ONA), has several anti-ovarian cancer properties. This discovery is a result of research on the effects of ONA on a preclinical model of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) both in vivo and in vitro. This research comes from the same group that found ONA suppressed pro-tumor activation of host myeloid cells.

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