ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter views Schiaparelli landing site
• Inflammation triggers unsustainable immune response to chronic viral infection
• Climate change impairs survival instincts of fish and can make them swim towards predators
• Analytics developed to predict poll trends
• Would people be happier (and healthier) if we could make broccoli taste like chocolate?
• Botanist leads petition to give Venus Flytrap endangered species protection
• Non-metal catalyst splits hydrogen molecule
• The universe is expanding at an accelerating rate, or is it?
• The importance of the amount of physical activity on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes
• Understanding bacteria's slimy fortresses
• Same day return to play after concussion still common among youth athletes
• More time on digital devices means kids less likely to finish homework
• Visits to pediatric emergency departments for headache pain in children are on the rise
• Adverse events affect children's development, physical health and biology
• Most adults surveyed don't know e-cigarette use deposits nicotine on indoor surfaces
• Potential harms of parents' online posts about children
• Head lice outbreaks in camp settings cause substantial burden on kids, staff
• Youth motocross racing injuries severe despite required safety gear
• Archaeologists reveal new findings on the history of the early-Islamic caliphate palace Khirbat al-Minya
• Weakness of 2G mobile phone networks revealed
• Polymer scaffolds build a better pill to swallow
• Lightweight rotor blades made from plastic foams for offshore wind turbines
• Success reported in using cells from the nose to repair damaged knee joints, 2 years post operation
• Computer simulation breaks virus apart to learn how it comes together

Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter views Schiaparelli landing site Posted: 21 Oct 2016 01:54 PM PDT NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has identified new markings on the surface of the Red Planet that are believed to be related to ESA's ExoMars Schiaparelli entry, descent and landing technology demonstrator module.

Inflammation triggers unsustainable immune response to chronic viral infection Posted: 21 Oct 2016 12:49 PM PDT Scientists have discovered a fundamental new mechanism explaining the inadequate immune defense against chronic viral infection. These results may open up new avenues for vaccine development, say researchers.

Climate change impairs survival instincts of fish and can make them swim towards predators Posted: 21 Oct 2016 10:57 AM PDT Fish farms may hold the key to studying the impact of rising carbon dioxide on marine life, and help researchers understand if fish could adapt to climate change.

Analytics developed to predict poll trends Posted: 21 Oct 2016 10:55 AM PDT As the countdown continues to the Presidential election, new analytical tools promise a quicker and remarkably accurate method of predicting election trends with Twitter.

Would people be happier (and healthier) if we could make broccoli taste like chocolate? Posted: 21 Oct 2016 10:19 AM PDT At the second annual International Society of Neurogastronomy Symposium, scientists, doctors, chefs and food scientists discuss flavor perception and quality of life for people who can't enjoy food because of their injury or illness.

Botanist leads petition to give Venus Flytrap endangered species protection Posted: 21 Oct 2016 10:19 AM PDT American ecologists have played a key role in a petition filed with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Friday seeking emergency Endangered Species Act protection for the Venus flytrap.

Non-metal catalyst splits hydrogen molecule Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:33 AM PDT Hydrogen (H2) is an extremely simple molecule and yet a valuable raw material which as a result of the development of sophisticated catalysts is becoming more and more important. In industry and commerce, applications range from food and fertilizer manufacture to crude oil cracking to utilization as an energy source in fuel cells. A challenge lies in splitting the strong H-H bond under mild conditions. Chemists have now developed a new catalyst for the activation of hydrogen by introducing boron atoms into a common organic molecule.

The universe is expanding at an accelerating rate, or is it? Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:32 AM PDT Five years ago, the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to three astronomers for their discovery that the universe is expanding at an accelerating pace. This led to the widespread acceptance of the idea that the universe is dominated by a mysterious substance named 'dark energy' that drives this accelerating expansion. Now, a team of scientists has cast doubt on this standard cosmological concept. The evidence for acceleration may be flimsier than previously thought, they say, with the data being consistent with a constant rate of expansion.

The importance of the amount of physical activity on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:31 AM PDT New research reveals the importance of both the amount and timing of physical activity in reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), as well as aiding the management of the disease in existing T2D patients.

Understanding bacteria's slimy fortresses Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:26 AM PDT For the first time, scientists have revealed the mechanics of how bacteria build up slimy masses, called biofilms, cell by cell. When encased in biofilms in the human body, bacteria are a thousand times less susceptible to antibiotics, making certain infections, such as pneumonia, difficult to treat and potentially lethal. In a new study, engineers and biologists tracked a single bacterial cell as it grew into a mature biofilm of 10,000 cells with an ordered architecture. The findings should help scientists learn more about bacterial behavior and open up new ways of attacking biofilms with drugs.

Same day return to play after concussion still common among youth athletes Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:23 AM PDT Concussion guidelines published over the past decade -- and laws in all states -- now discourage youth athletes from returning to play if they display any signs of concussion after an injury. However, new research confirms athletes often head back into the game on the same day.

More time on digital devices means kids less likely to finish homework Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:22 AM PDT In findings that will not surprise the parents of any school-aged child, new research finds that the more time children spend using digital devices, the less likely they are to finish their homework.

Visits to pediatric emergency departments for headache pain in children are on the rise Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:21 AM PDT There is a growing body of evidence that pediatric emergency departments are seeing a steady increase in the number of children presenting with headaches.

Adverse events affect children's development, physical health and biology Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:21 AM PDT It's known that adverse childhood experiences carry over into adult life, but a new study is focusing on the effect of these experiences in the childhood years.

Most adults surveyed don't know e-cigarette use deposits nicotine on indoor surfaces Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:20 AM PDT Most U.S. adults surveyed in 2015 agree that e-cigarette use should not be allowed in places where smoking is prohibited. Yet one-third of respondents allow use of the devices within their home, and fewer than half said they knew that exhaled e-cigarette vapors contain nicotine that deposits on indoor surfaces.

Potential harms of parents' online posts about children Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:19 AM PDT What parents share with others about their children in today's digital age presents new and often unanticipated risks.

Head lice outbreaks in camp settings cause substantial burden on kids, staff Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:17 AM PDT New research finds that lice can be the end of a happy summer for many kids at sleepaway camp.

Youth motocross racing injuries severe despite required safety gear Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:17 AM PDT A study at a Pennsylvania trauma center found competitive youth motocross athletes suffer potentially life-threatening injuries despite wearing helmets and other safety gear required on the sport's popular rough-terrain race courses.

Archaeologists reveal new findings on the history of the early-Islamic caliphate palace Khirbat al-Minya Posted: 21 Oct 2016 09:04 AM PDT New excavations are underway to investigate the use of the palace Khirbat Al-Minya following the severe earthquake of 749 AD. New findings show that the building lost its palatial function as a result of the earthquake and was subsequently only used by craftsmen, traders, and sugar cane farmers.

Weakness of 2G mobile phone networks revealed Posted: 21 Oct 2016 06:48 AM PDT A fast and relatively simple attack on second generation digital mobile phone communications highlights the need to update security on older mobile networks.

Polymer scaffolds build a better pill to swallow Posted: 21 Oct 2016 06:48 AM PDT Nanoparticle drugs can make it easier for medications to reach their targets, say researchers. The researchers have developed a polymeric 'scaffold' that helps drugs that often have trouble entering the bloodstream, such as anti-cancer agents, form highly stable nanoparticles with improved bioavailability.

Lightweight rotor blades made from plastic foams for offshore wind turbines Posted: 21 Oct 2016 05:45 AM PDT Offshore wind turbines are becoming ever larger, and the transportation, installation, disassembly and disposal of their gigantic rotor blades are presenting operators with new challenges. Now researchers have partnered with industry experts to develop highly durable thermoplastic foams and composites that make the blades lighter and recyclable. Thanks to their special properties, the new materials are also suitable for other lightweight structures, for instance in the automotive sector.

Success reported in using cells from the nose to repair damaged knee joints, 2 years post operation Posted: 20 Oct 2016 07:38 PM PDT Swiss doctors report that cartilage cells harvested from patients' own noses have been used to successfully produce cartilage transplants for the treatment of the knees of 10 adults (aged 18-55 years) whose cartilage was damaged by injury. Two years after reconstruction, most recipients reported improvements in pain, knee function, and quality of life, as well as developing repair tissue that is similar in composition to native cartilage.

Computer simulation breaks virus apart to learn how it comes together Posted: 20 Oct 2016 01:54 PM PDT A computer simulation has been created that crushes viral capsids. By allowing researchers to see how the tough shells break apart, the simulation provides a computational window for looking at how viruses and proteins assemble.

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