ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Cholera discovery could revolutionize antibiotic delivery
• Researchers explore how the brain perceives direction and location
• Science reveals the power of a handshake
• Daily vibration may combat prediabetes in youth
• Weight loss does not lower heart disease risk from type 2 diabetes, study suggests
• Pediatric studies show the flu's deadly danger, the benefits of school vaccinations
• Plant-based foods may offer reduced risk for aggressive prostate cancer
• Key player in Parkinson's disease neuron loss pinpointed
• Beneficial mold packaged in bioplastic
• Studies target high rates of HIV medication errors among hospitalized patients
• Cell mechanism findings could one day be used to engineer organs
• How to prove a sexual addiction: Criteria for diagnosing 'hypersexual disorder' tested
• Young people who go out drinking start earlier and consume more and more alcohol
• Foster kids do equally well when adopted by gay, lesbian or heterosexual parents, study suggests
• Measuring women's risk of osteoporosis
• Sharp rise in children admitted to hospital with throat infections since 1999
• Deciphering the first epigenomes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
• First micro-structure atlas of human brain completed
• No survival advantage with peripheral blood stem cells versus bone marrow, study suggests
• Common risky behaviors of children struck by motor vehicles outlined
• Few teens undergo pregnancy testing in emergency department
• Low calcium diet linked to higher risk of hormone condition in women
• Possibilities, challenges, and applications of next-generation sequencing

Cholera discovery could revolutionize antibiotic delivery Posted: 19 Oct 2012 12:32 PM PDT Scientists have made a discovery that could help revolutionize antibiotic treatment of deadly bacteria. They have explained how Vibrio cholerae became a deadly pathogen thousands of years ago. Two genes within V. cholerae's genome make it toxic and deadly. The bacterium acquired these genes when a bacterial virus or bacteriophage called CTX-phi infected it.

Researchers explore how the brain perceives direction and location Posted: 19 Oct 2012 12:32 PM PDT Neurobiologists have studied the activity of special brain cells that make possible spatial navigation -- the process by which you establish where "here" is and how you get from here to "there."

Science reveals the power of a handshake Posted: 19 Oct 2012 11:13 AM PDT New neuroscience research is confirming an old adage about the power of a handshake: strangers do form a better impression of those who proffer their hand in greeting.

Daily vibration may combat prediabetes in youth Posted: 19 Oct 2012 11:12 AM PDT Daily sessions of whole-body vibration may combat prediabetes in adolescents. In mice that mimic over-eating adolescents headed toward diabetes, 20 minutes of daily vibration for eight weeks restored a healthy balance of key pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators and was better than prescription drugs at reducing levels of hemoglobin A1c, the most accurate indicator of average blood glucose levels, according to new research.

Weight loss does not lower heart disease risk from type 2 diabetes, study suggests Posted: 19 Oct 2012 11:12 AM PDT An intensive diet and exercise program resulting in weight loss does not reduce cardiovascular events such as heart attack and stroke in people with longstanding type 2 diabetes, according to a new study.

Pediatric studies show the flu's deadly danger, the benefits of school vaccinations Posted: 19 Oct 2012 11:12 AM PDT New data shows the fatal risk that influenza poses even for children without underlying health conditions and the effectiveness of school-based vaccination programs in protecting student populations. Together, these findings support the crucial public health message that families should take the flu virus seriously every year.

Plant-based foods may offer reduced risk for aggressive prostate cancer Posted: 19 Oct 2012 11:11 AM PDT A new study finds that a high intake of flavonoids, a group of compounds found in plants, may lower the risk for highly aggressive prostate cancer.

Key player in Parkinson's disease neuron loss pinpointed Posted: 19 Oct 2012 11:11 AM PDT By reprogramming skin cells from Parkinson's disease patients with a known genetic mutation, researchers have identified damage to neural stem cells as a powerful player in the disease. The findings may lead to new ways to diagnose and treat the disease.

Beneficial mold packaged in bioplastic Posted: 19 Oct 2012 10:06 AM PDT Aflatoxins are highly toxic carcinogens produced by several species of Aspergillus fungi. But not all Aspergillus produce aflatoxin. Some, in fact, are considered beneficial. One such strain, dubbed K49, is now being recruited to battle these harmful Aspergillus relatives, preventing them from contaminating host crops like corn with the carcinogen. Scientists have now devised a new method of applying K49 as a frontline defense against aflatoxin contamination in corn.

Studies target high rates of HIV medication errors among hospitalized patients Posted: 19 Oct 2012 10:05 AM PDT New research concludes that despite advances in electronic medical records, mistakes are still commonly made in the prescription of antiretroviral medications for hospitalized HIV-positive patients. At the same time, a trio of studies suggests however, that electronic records in combination with increased clinical education can help to greatly decrease medical errors.

Cell mechanism findings could one day be used to engineer organs Posted: 19 Oct 2012 10:05 AM PDT Biologists have teamed up with mechanical engineers to conduct cell research that provides information that may one day be used to engineer organs.

How to prove a sexual addiction: Criteria for diagnosing 'hypersexual disorder' tested Posted: 19 Oct 2012 07:28 AM PDT Experts have tested a proposed set of criteria to define "Hypersexual Disorder" (HD), as a new mental health condition, and found the proposed criteria to be reliable and valid. The results will influence whether HD should be included in the forthcoming revised fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders considered the "bible" of psychiatry.

Young people who go out drinking start earlier and consume more and more alcohol Posted: 19 Oct 2012 07:27 AM PDT Teenagers and university students are unaware of the negative consequences of alcohol consumption or the chances of developing an addiction as a result. In addition, they start at a younger and younger age and drink more and stronger alcohol according to a new study.

Foster kids do equally well when adopted by gay, lesbian or heterosexual parents, study suggests Posted: 19 Oct 2012 06:45 AM PDT High-risk children adopted from foster care do equally well when placed with gay, lesbian and heterosexual parents, psychologists report.

Measuring women's risk of osteoporosis Posted: 19 Oct 2012 06:29 AM PDT For women of mixed racial or ethnic backgrounds, a new method for measuring bone health may improve the odds of correctly diagnosing their risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures.

Sharp rise in children admitted to hospital with throat infections since 1999 Posted: 19 Oct 2012 05:21 AM PDT The number of children admitted to hospital in England for acute throat infections increased by 76 per cent between 1999 and 2010, according to new research.

Deciphering the first epigenomes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia Posted: 19 Oct 2012 05:21 AM PDT Researchers have deciphered the first epigenomes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

First micro-structure atlas of human brain completed Posted: 19 Oct 2012 05:21 AM PDT Scientists have built the first atlas of white-matter microstructure in the human brain. The project's final results have the potential to change the face of neuroscience and medicine over the coming decade.

No survival advantage with peripheral blood stem cells versus bone marrow, study suggests Posted: 19 Oct 2012 04:15 AM PDT Medical researchers conducted a two-year clinical trial comparing two-year survival probabilities for patients transplanted with peripheral blood stem cells or bone marrow stem cells from unrelated donors.

Common risky behaviors of children struck by motor vehicles outlined Posted: 19 Oct 2012 04:15 AM PDT Pediatricians have outlined the risky behavior of child pedestrians who are struck by cars -- including darting into the street, crossing in the middle of the block, and crossing while using an electronic device.

Few teens undergo pregnancy testing in emergency department Posted: 19 Oct 2012 04:15 AM PDT Few adolescent females undergo pregnancy testing in the hospital emergency department, even when they complain of lower abdominal pain, or before they are exposed to radiation for tests or examinations, according to a new study.

Low calcium diet linked to higher risk of hormone condition in women Posted: 18 Oct 2012 03:59 PM PDT A low calcium diet is associated with a higher risk of developing a common hormone condition in women, known as primary hyperparathyroidism, a new study suggests.

Possibilities, challenges, and applications of next-generation sequencing Posted: 18 Oct 2012 01:20 PM PDT A report provides a detailed and compelling overview of the landscape of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology and its clinical relevance and impact on improving patient care.

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