الاثنين، 7 يناير 2013

ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

ScienceDaily: Latest Science News


New phase in reading photons

Posted: 06 Jan 2013 11:57 AM PST

A new photodetector can cleanly discriminate among four states, not just the standard two states of binary logic.

Wide binary stars wreak havoc in planetary systems, astrophysicists find

Posted: 06 Jan 2013 11:57 AM PST

Astrophysicists have shown that planetary systems with very distant binary stars are particularly susceptible to violent disruptions, more so than if they had stellar companions with tighter orbits around them. Unlike the sun, many stars are members of binary star systems -- where two stars orbit one another -- and these stars' planetary systems can be altered by the gravity of their companion stars.

The pain puzzle: Uncovering how morphine increases pain in some people

Posted: 06 Jan 2013 11:57 AM PST

For individuals with agonizing pain, it is a cruel blow when the gold-standard medication actually causes more pain. Adults and children whose pain gets worse when treated with morphine may be closer to a solution, based on new research.

From the Amazon rainforest to human body cells: Quantifying stability

Posted: 06 Jan 2013 11:57 AM PST

The Amazon rainforest, energy grids, and cells in the human body share a troublesome property: They possess multiple stable states. When the world's largest tropical forest suddenly starts retreating in a warming climate, energy supply blacks out, or cells turn carcinogenic, complex-systems science understands this as a transition between two such states. These transitions are obviously unwanted.

Future sea level rise from melting ice sheets may be substantially greater than IPCC estimates

Posted: 06 Jan 2013 11:57 AM PST

Future sea level rise due to the melting of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets could be substantially larger than estimated in Climate Change 2007, the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC, according to new research.

Most-used diabetes drug works in different way than previously thought

Posted: 06 Jan 2013 11:57 AM PST

Researchers found that the diabetes drug metformin works in a different way than previously understood. Their research in mice found that metformin suppresses the liver hormone glucagon's ability to generate an important signaling molecule, pointing to new drug targets.

Genetic mystery of Behcet's disease unfolds along the ancient Silk Road

Posted: 06 Jan 2013 11:57 AM PST

Researchers have identified four new regions on the human genome associated with Behcet's disease, a painful and potentially dangerous condition found predominantly in people with ancestors along the Silk Road.

Long-sought structure of protein necessary for cell-to-cell interaction described

Posted: 06 Jan 2013 11:56 AM PST

Scientists know that cells in all higher organisms need to bind to each other for the development, architecture, maintenance and function of tissues. Mysteries have remained, however, about exactly how cells manage this feat.

Important factor in fat storage and energy metabolism

Posted: 06 Jan 2013 11:56 AM PST

Scientists have identified a cell cycle transcriptional co-regulator – TRIP-Br2 – that plays a major role in energy metabolism and fat storage. This finding has the potential to lead to new treatments for obesity.

Ordinary glass's extraordinary properties revealed

Posted: 06 Jan 2013 11:56 AM PST

Researchers raise the possibility of designing ultrastable glasses at the molecular level via a vapor-deposition process. Such glasses could find potential applications in the production of stronger metals and in faster-acting pharmaceuticals.

Specific protein essential for healthy eyes described

Posted: 06 Jan 2013 07:45 AM PST

Researchers have just found that a specific protein is essential not only for maintaining a healthy retina in the eye, but also may have implications for understanding and possibly treating other conditions in the immune, reproductive, vascular and nervous systems, as well as in various cancers.

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