ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• The arithmetic of gun control
• Evolution on the inside track: How viruses in gut bacteria change over time
• Sudden decline in testosterone may cause Parkinson's disease symptoms in men
• Estrogen's effects on fat depends on where it's located
• Cellular mechanisms for attention in brain uncovered
• Drug-eluting stents, heart attack and bleeding risks: One-year results of ADAPT-DES trial
• Isolated psychiatric episodes rare, but possible, in common form of autoimmune encephalitis
• Too much of a good thing? Overactive immune response blocks itself
• Glass scaffolds help heal bone, show promise as weight-bearing implants
• Scientists ID compounds that target amyloid fibrils in Alzheimer's, other brain diseases
• Chronic fatigue syndrome: Inherited virus can cause cognitive dysfunction and fatigue
• New cornea transplant technique provides improved vision, faster recovery, study suggests
• Is it Bell's palsy or a stroke? Emergency physicians have the answer
• Genetic biomarker detects Lewy body dementia
• Polymer ribbons for better healing
• Oven-baked fish fingers have fewer furans than when fried
• A faster vessel for charting the brain
• Analysis of 26 networked autism genes suggests functional role in the cerebellum
• Technology/equipment issues account for almost one in four operating room errors, study finds
• Certain blood pressure drugs slow dementia deterioration
• Suffocating tumors could lead to new cancer drugs
• Physics of running fast: Scientists model 'extraordinary' performance of Bolt

The arithmetic of gun control Posted: 26 Jul 2013 04:17 PM PDT Aiming to quell heated national debate about gun control with factual answers, two mathematicians have designed parameters to measure how to best prevent both one-on-one killings and mass shootings in the United States.

Evolution on the inside track: How viruses in gut bacteria change over time Posted: 26 Jul 2013 04:15 PM PDT The digestive tract is home to a vast colony of bacteria, as well as the myriad viruses that prey upon them. Because the bacteria species vary from person to person, so does this viral population, the virome. By closely analyzing the virome of one individual over two-and-a-half years, researchers have uncovered new insights on the virome can change and evolve -- and why the virome of one person can vary so greatly from that of another.

Sudden decline in testosterone may cause Parkinson's disease symptoms in men Posted: 26 Jul 2013 04:15 PM PDT The results of a new study by neurological researchers show that a sudden decrease of testosterone, the male sex hormone, may cause Parkinson's like symptoms in male mice.

Estrogen's effects on fat depends on where it's located Posted: 26 Jul 2013 10:12 AM PDT Why women tend to accumulate fat in the stereotypical "pear" shape, with more fat in the buttocks and thighs (a shape that's thought to be healthier than men's stereotypical "apple" shape, with more fat around the belly), is still unclear. A new study gathers clues to help understand the role of estrogen's effects on fat.

Cellular mechanisms for attention in brain uncovered Posted: 26 Jul 2013 09:16 AM PDT The ability to pay attention to relevant information while ignoring distractions is a core brain function. Without the ability to focus and filter out "noise," we could not effectively interact with our environment. Despite much study of attention in the brain, the cellular mechanisms responsible for the effects of attention have remained a mystery. Now, researchers have shed new light on this cellular process.

Drug-eluting stents, heart attack and bleeding risks: One-year results of ADAPT-DES trial Posted: 26 Jul 2013 08:22 AM PDT Patients who receive a drug-eluting stent and demonstrate high platelet reactivity on clopidogrel are more likely to have blood clots form on the stent and to suffer a heart attack; however, these patients are less likely to develop bleeding complications.

Isolated psychiatric episodes rare, but possible, in common form of autoimmune encephalitis Posted: 26 Jul 2013 08:20 AM PDT A small percentage of people diagnosed with a mysterious neurological condition may only experience psychiatric changes - such as delusional thinking, hallucinations, and aggressive behavior - according to a new study.

Too much of a good thing? Overactive immune response blocks itself Posted: 26 Jul 2013 07:33 AM PDT As part of the innate immune system natural killer cells play an important role in immune responses. For a long time they have been known as the first line of defense in the fight against infectious diseases. Therefore, researchers assumed that the body needs as many active NK cells as possible. However, scientists have now shown that the principle "the more the better" does not apply to this type of immune cells.

Glass scaffolds help heal bone, show promise as weight-bearing implants Posted: 26 Jul 2013 07:33 AM PDT Researchers have developed a type of glass implant that could one day be used to repair injured bones in the arms, legs and other areas of the body that are most subject to the stresses of weight.

Scientists ID compounds that target amyloid fibrils in Alzheimer's, other brain diseases Posted: 26 Jul 2013 06:24 AM PDT Scientists report an advance toward "structure-based drug design," with the potential to delay or treat Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, type II diabetes, ALS (also known as Lou Gehrig's disease) and many other degenerative diseases.

Chronic fatigue syndrome: Inherited virus can cause cognitive dysfunction and fatigue Posted: 26 Jul 2013 06:24 AM PDT Many experts believe that chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) has several root causes including some viruses. Now, researchers suggest that a common virus, Human Herpesvirus 6, may cause some CFS cases.

New cornea transplant technique provides improved vision, faster recovery, study suggests Posted: 26 Jul 2013 06:23 AM PDT A new cornea transplant technique called DMEK provides significantly improved vision and faster recovery from surgery than standard cornea transplants.

Is it Bell's palsy or a stroke? Emergency physicians have the answer Posted: 26 Jul 2013 04:41 AM PDT Emergency physicians correctly identified nearly 100 percent of patients with Bell's palsy, the symptoms of which are nearly identical to potentially life-threatening diseases such as stroke and brain tumors.

Genetic biomarker detects Lewy body dementia Posted: 26 Jul 2013 04:40 AM PDT Scientists have discovered the first genetic biomarker to detect Lewy body dementia (LBD), a disease that can be confused with Alzheimer's. This biomarker is found in 20% of cases and differentiates one of the sub-groups of the pathology.

Polymer ribbons for better healing Posted: 26 Jul 2013 04:40 AM PDT Researchers have developed hydrogels for tissue regeneration that can be fine-tuned to fit any body part.

Oven-baked fish fingers have fewer furans than when fried Posted: 26 Jul 2013 04:40 AM PDT Researchers have discovered that fried fish fingers generate more furanic compounds than those baked in the oven. To be precise, there are three times as many when fried with olive oil and twice as many with sunflower oil. These compounds improve the food's organoleptic characteristics, but are believed to be toxic and carcinogenic.

A faster vessel for charting the brain Posted: 25 Jul 2013 05:24 PM PDT Researchers have created "souped up" versions of the calcium-sensitive proteins that for the past decade or so have given scientists an unparalleled view and understanding of brain-cell communication.

Analysis of 26 networked autism genes suggests functional role in the cerebellum Posted: 25 Jul 2013 05:24 PM PDT Scientists have obtained intriguing insights into two groups of autism candidate genes in the mammalian brain that new evidence suggests are functionally and spatially related. The newly published analysis identifies two networked groupings from 26 genes associated with autism that are overexpressed in the cerebellar cortex, in areas dominated by neurons called granule cells.

Technology/equipment issues account for almost one in four operating room errors, study finds Posted: 25 Jul 2013 05:24 PM PDT Around a quarter of all operating room errors are caused by technology/equipment problems, indicates an analysis of the available evidence.

Certain blood pressure drugs slow dementia deterioration Posted: 25 Jul 2013 05:24 PM PDT A class of drug, called ACE inhibitors, which are used to lower blood pressure, slow the rate of cognitive decline typical of dementia, suggests new research.

Suffocating tumors could lead to new cancer drugs Posted: 25 Jul 2013 05:23 PM PDT Scientists have discovered a new molecule that prevents cancer cells from responding and surviving when starved of oxygen and which could be developed into new treatments for the disease, according to new research.

Physics of running fast: Scientists model 'extraordinary' performance of Bolt Posted: 25 Jul 2013 05:23 PM PDT As the world's best athletes descend on London today to take part in the Olympic Anniversary Games, a group of researchers from Mexico has provided an insight into the physics of one of the greatest athletic performances of all time. Researchers have put forward a mathematical model that accurately depicts the extraordinary feats of Usain Bolt during his 100 meter world record sprint at the 2009 World Championships in Berlin.

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