الاثنين، 12 أغسطس 2013

ScienceDaily: Top News

ScienceDaily: Top News


New study redefines how plaques grow in heart disease

Posted: 11 Aug 2013 12:08 PM PDT

The growth of deadly plaque inside the walls of arteries may not happen as scientists believed, researchers have found. New research also suggests a new potential target in the treatment of atherosclerosis, a leading cause of cardiovascular disease and death globally.

New data reveal extent of genetic overlap between major mental disorders

Posted: 11 Aug 2013 12:08 PM PDT

The largest genome-wide study of its kind has determined how much five major mental illnesses are traceable to the same common inherited genetic variations. Researchers found that the overlap was highest between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder; moderate for bipolar disorder and depression and for ADHD and depression; and low between schizophrenia and autism. Overall, common genetic variation accounted for 17-28 percent of risk for the illnesses.

Computer simulations reveal universal increase in electrical conductivity

Posted: 11 Aug 2013 12:06 PM PDT

Computer simulations have revealed how the electrical conductivity of many materials increases with a strong electrical field in a universal way. This development could have significant implications for practical systems in electrochemistry, biochemistry, electrical engineering and beyond.

Greenland ice is melting -- even from below: Heat flow from the mantle contributes to the ice melt

Posted: 11 Aug 2013 12:06 PM PDT

The Greenland ice sheet is melting from below, caused by a high heat flow from the mantle into the lithosphere. This influence is very variable spatially and has its origin in an exceptionally thin lithosphere. Consequently, there is an increased heat flow from the mantle and a complex interplay between this geothermal heating and the Greenland ice sheet. New research finds that this effect cannot be neglected when modeling the ice sheet as part of a climate study.

Magnetization controlled at picosecond intervals

Posted: 11 Aug 2013 12:06 PM PDT

A terahertz laser makes it possible to control a material's magnetization at a timescale of picoseconds (0.000,000,000,001 seconds). In their experiment, the researchers shone extremely short light pulses from the laser onto a magnetic material, where the magnetic moments - "elementary magnets" - were all aligned in parallel. The light pulse's magnetic field was able to deflect the magnetic moments from their idle state in such a way that they exactly followed the change of the laser's magnetic field with only a minor delay.

Neuroscientists identify protein linked to Alzheimer's-like afflictions

Posted: 11 Aug 2013 12:05 PM PDT

A team of neuroscientists has identified a modification to a protein in laboratory mice linked to conditions associated with Alzheimer's Disease. Their findings also point to a potential therapeutic intervention for alleviating memory-related disorders.

Device captures signatures and fingerprints with tiny LEDs

Posted: 11 Aug 2013 12:05 PM PDT

Researchers want to put your signature up in lights. Using thousands of nanometer-scale wires, the researchers have developed a sensor device that converts mechanical pressure – from a signature or a fingerprint – directly into light signals that can be captured and processed optically.

Newly identified genetic factors drive severe childhood epilepsies

Posted: 11 Aug 2013 12:05 PM PDT

Researchers have identified two new genes and implicated 25 distinct mutations in serious forms of epilepsy, suggesting a new direction for developing tailored treatments of the neurological disorders.

Rethinking the genetic code

Posted: 11 Aug 2013 12:05 PM PDT

A decade ago, gene expression seemed so straightforward: genes were either switched on or off. Not both. Then in 2006, a blockbuster finding reported that developmentally regulated genes in mouse embryonic stem cells can have marks associated with both active and repressed genes, and that such genes, which were referred to as "bivalently marked genes", can be committed to one way or another during development and differentiation.

Whole-genome sequencing uncovers the mysteries of the endangered Chinese alligator

Posted: 09 Aug 2013 08:50 AM PDT

Scientists have completed the genome sequencing and analysis of the endangered Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis). This is the first published crocodilian genome, providing a good explanation of how terrestrial-style reptiles adapt to aquatic environments and temperature-dependent sex determination.

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