الجمعة، 6 سبتمبر 2013

ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

Study expands use of biomarker for early diagnosis of acute kidney injury

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 05:30 PM PDT

A biomarker test developed initially to identify early acute kidney injury after surgery has been shown to successfully detect it in emergency room patients with a variety of urgent health issues. The findings expand the overall utility and potential medical settings for using the test, according to researchers.

New coating may reduce blood clot risk inside stents

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 05:30 PM PDT

A new stent coating may someday eliminate a common side effect of the treatment.

Researchers pin down the genetics of going under

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 05:28 PM PDT

Researchers have explored the distinctions between anesthetic unconsciousness and sleep by manipulating the genetic pathways known to be involved in natural sleep, and studying the resulting effects on anesthetic states.

Research findings point to new therapeutic approach for common cause of kidney failure

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 05:28 PM PDT

New research has uncovered a process that is defective in patients with a common cause of kidney failure. The findings point to a new potential strategy for preventing and treating the disease.

Health effects of using portable electronic devices studied

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 01:04 PM PDT

Scientists conducted a study on the health effects of using smartphones and portable electronic devices among Hong Kong people.

New form of irritable bowel syndrome occurs after patients suffer acute diverticulitis

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 01:04 PM PDT

Researchers have described a new form of irritable bowel syndrome that occurs after an acute bout of diverticulitis, a finding that may help lead to better management of symptoms and relief for patients.

Molecular beacons light path to cardiac muscle repair

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 11:28 AM PDT

Having a pure population of cardiac muscle cells is essential for avoiding tumor formation after transplantation, but has been technically challenging. Researchers have developed a method for purifying cardiac muscle cells from stem cell cultures using molecular beacons.

Inner-ear disorders may cause hyperactivity

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 11:28 AM PDT

Behavioral abnormalities are traditionally thought to originate in the brain. But a new study has found that inner-ear dysfunction can directly cause neurological changes that increase hyperactivity. The study, conducted in mice, also implicated two brain proteins in this process, providing potential targets for intervention.

New system developed to better study behavior, cell function

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 10:41 AM PDT

A team of researchers has successfully translated a new technology to better study behaviors and cellular function of fruit flies. This powerful genetic tool allows scientists to selectively, rapidly, reversibly, and dose-dependently remotely control behaviors and physiological processes in the fly which shares a significant degree of similarity to humans.

Peering into genetic defects, scientists discover a new metabolic disease

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 10:40 AM PDT

Scientists have discovered a new disease related to an inability to process Vitamin B12. The disorder is rare but can be devastating.

Prion-like proteins drive several diseases of aging

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 10:40 AM PDT

Two leading neurology researchers have proposed a theory that could unify scientists' thinking about several neurodegenerative diseases and suggest therapeutic strategies to combat them.

Body's 'safety procedure' could explain autoimmune disease

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 10:40 AM PDT

Researchers have found an important safety mechanism in the immune system that may malfunction in people with autoimmune diseases, such as Multiple Sclerosis, potentially paving the way for innovative treatments.

Cell death protein could offer new anti-inflammatory drug target

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 10:39 AM PDT

Scientists have revealed the structure of a protein that is essential for triggering a form of programmed cell death called necroptosis, making possible the development of new drugs to treat chronic inflammatory diseases such as Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis.

Dialectical behavioral therapy improves adherence in teens with chronic illness

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 10:37 AM PDT

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy shows early evidence as an effective tool in improving medical regimen adherence in adolescents with chronic kidney disease, enabling them to accept their illness, have a better quality of life and gain eligibility for organ transplantation.

Some immune cells appear to aid cancer cell growth

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 10:37 AM PDT

A new study found that a subset of immune cells provide a niche where cancer stem cells survive.

Molecular marker predicts patients most likely to benefit longest from two popular cancer drugs

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 10:37 AM PDT

Scientists have identified a molecular marker called "Mig 6" that appears to accurately predict longer survival -- up to two years -- among patients prescribed two of the most widely used drugs in a class of anticancer agents called EGFR inhibitors.

Health information laws can be coordinated with system delivery to improve Medicaid program

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 08:40 AM PDT

A new analysis by researchers examines the relationship between health information laws and health system improvements for children and adolescents under Medicaid's Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment (EPSDT) benefit.

Sleep deprivation increases food purchasing the next day

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 08:37 AM PDT

People who were deprived of one night's sleep purchased more calories and grams of food in a mock supermarket on the following day in a new study.

Bisphosphonates could offer effective pain relief in osteoarthritis

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 08:21 AM PDT

Research has found that a drug normally given to osteoporosis sufferers could provide effective pain relief to patients with knee and hip osteoarthritis.

Wide range of differences, mostly unseen, among humans

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 07:19 AM PDT

Bioinformatics researchers have investigated how protein function is affected by changes at the DNA level. Their findings bring new clarity to the wide range of variants, many of which disturb protein function but have no discernible health effect, and highlight especially the role of rare variants in differentiating individuals from their neighbors.

Telemedicine initiative allows remote hearing tests for newborns

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 07:17 AM PDT

A telemedicine initiative is working to make follow-up hearing tests for newborns more accessible in rural areas of Tennessee, while teaching young pediatric audiology and pediatric speech language pathology students to treat patients remotely.

Smoking with asthma during pregnancy is particularly dangerous

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 07:17 AM PDT

New research shows that pregnant women who smoke as well as having asthma are greatly increasing the risk of complications for themselves and their unborn children.

Robots could one day help surgeons remove hard to reach brain tumors

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 07:17 AM PDT

Scientists and engineers are teaming up with neurosurgeons to develop technologies that enable less invasive, image-guided removal of hard-to-reach brain tumors. Their technologies combine novel imaging techniques that allow surgeons to see deep within the brain during surgery with robotic systems that enhance the precision of tissue removal.

Children with behavioral problems more at risk of inflammation, health problems later in life

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 05:59 AM PDT

Children with behavioral problems may be at risk of many chronic diseases in adulthood including heart disease, obesity, diabetes, as well as inflammatory illnesses (conditions which are caused by cell damage). Researchers found that children with behavioral problems at the age of 8, had higher levels of two proteins (C-reactive protein -- CRP; and Interleukin 6 -- IL-6) in their blood when tested at the age of 10. Having raised levels of CRP and IL-6 can be an early warning sign that a person may be at risk of chronic or inflammatory conditions later in life.

Human Urine Metabolome: What scientists can see in your urine

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 05:59 AM PDT

Researchers have determined the chemical composition of human urine. The study, which took more than seven years and involved a team of nearly 20 researchers, has revealed that more than 3,000 chemicals or "metabolites" can be detected in urine. The results are expected to have significant implications for medical, nutritional, drug and environmental testing.

Lengthy military deployments increase divorce risk

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 05:59 AM PDT

The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have been hard on military marriages, with the risk of divorce rising directly in relation to the length of time enlisted service members have been deployed to combat zones. The negative effects of deployment were largest among female military members, with women facing a greater chance of divorce than men under all the scenarios examined by researchers.

Scientific reproducibility is hampered by a lack of specificity of the material resources

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 05:59 AM PDT

A key requirement when performing scientific experiments is the accessibility of material resources, including the reagents or model organisms, needed to address a specific hypothesis. The published scientific literature is a source of this valuable information, but frequently lacks sufficient detail to the extent that researchers are unable to identify material resources used to perform experiments.

Robotic therapy aids kids' handwriting skills

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 05:57 AM PDT

Researchers are working to develop an exciting new robotic device that helps children to practice and improve their hand coordination.  

Cause of cystic kidneys explained: Novel gene responsible for cystic kidney disease in children identified

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 05:57 AM PDT

Scientists have identified a new gene that causes cystic kidneys in children and young adults. The research group's results lead to the identification of novel insights into the molecular mechanism underlying NPH, which is a prerequisite for developing pharmacological targets and new therapies for children with nephronophthisis.

What is the brain telling us about the diagnoses of schizophrenia?

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 05:56 AM PDT

We live in the most exciting and unsettling period in the history of psychiatry since Freud started talking about sex in public. On the one hand, the American Psychiatric Association has introduced the fifth iteration of the psychiatric diagnostic manual, DSM-V, representing the current best effort of the brightest clinical minds in psychiatry to categorize the enormously complex pattern of human emotional, cognitive, and behavioral problems. On the other hand, in new and profound ways, neuroscience and genetics research in psychiatry are yielding insights that challenge the traditional diagnostic schema that have long been at the core of the field.

Activity can improve the health of dementia patients

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 05:56 AM PDT

Dementia patients who are kept active in their fields of interest appear to experience improved quality of life and better health. Research will now reveal whether this is really true.

Brown algae reveal antioxidant production secrets

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 05:56 AM PDT

Brown algae contain phlorotannins, aromatic (phenolic) compounds that are unique in the plant kingdom. As natural antioxidants, phlorotannins are of great interest for the treatment and prevention of cancer and inflammatory, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Researchers have recently elucidated the key step in the production of these compounds in Ectocarpus siliculosus, a small brown alga model species. The study also revealed the specific mechanism of an enzyme that synthesizes phenolic compounds with commercial applications.

Biology texts geared toward pre-med students

Posted: 05 Sep 2013 05:55 AM PDT

College biology textbooks cater to the needs of pre-med majors, and not those of the majority of students who take introductory science classes.

Chlamydia and gonorrhoea infections linked to pregnancy complications

Posted: 04 Sep 2013 05:51 PM PDT

Becoming infected with chlamydia or gonorrhoea in the lead-up to, or during, pregnancy, increases the risk of complications, such as stillbirth or unplanned premature birth, indicates new research.

Back of pack health warnings make little impact on teen smokers

Posted: 04 Sep 2013 05:50 PM PDT

Back of pack picture or text warnings depicting the dangers of smoking, make little impact on teen smokers, particularly those who smoke regularly, suggests new research.

Ashtray availability, signage may determine success of smoke-free legislation

Posted: 04 Sep 2013 05:41 PM PDT

Signs banning smoking may not have as much of an impact on secondhand smoke concentrations as the presence of ashtrays or ashtray equivalents.

Broccoli to fight skin cancer?

Posted: 04 Sep 2013 05:35 PM PDT

With skin cancer emerging as one of the world's most prevalent forms of cancer, researchers are using every tool at their disposal to fight this disease. The tool of choice for Sally Dickinson, PhD? Broccoli.

A new form of aspirin to overcome 'aspirin resistance'

Posted: 04 Sep 2013 10:03 AM PDT

Scientists are reporting development of a new form of aspirin -- taken daily by about 60 million people in the United States alone to reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke -- that could extend aspirin's benefits to people who may not respond to the drug.
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