ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Epigenetic changes may explain chronic kidney disease
• Lessons to be learnt about influenza A, four years after the public alarm
• Link between allergies, increased risk of blood cancers in women
• Tell-tale genes linked to eating disorders
• Stuck on flu
• Notch signaling pathway keeps immature T cells on the right track
• Oatmeal beats ready-to-eat breakfast cereal at improving appetite control
• Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption increases endometrial cancer risk
• Chemotherapy: When intestinal bacteria provide reinforcement
• Extent of obesity not strongest factor for patients when choosing weight loss operation
• Why some ear, respiratory infections become chronic
• Researchers pioneer first patient-specific 3-D virtual birth simulator
• 'Immune gene' in humans inherited from Neanderthals, study suggests
• Lowering three risk factors could cut obesity-related risk of heart disease by more than half
• Better prediction for epileptic seizures through adaptive learning approach
• Research paves path for hybrid nano-materials to replace pills, human tissue
• Heavy drinking bad for marriage if only one spouse drinks
• Worldwide trends show oropharyngeal cancer rates increasing
• How alcohol impairs the immune system
• Cancer researchers translate new findings to enhance melanoma treatment
• Growth stunted in lower-income youth with kidney disease
• Rotavirus vaccination may also protect children against seizures
• HIV, parenting needs to be discussed

Epigenetic changes may explain chronic kidney disease Posted: 23 Nov 2013 04:48 PM PST Researchers found, in a genome-wide survey, significant differences in the pattern of chemical modifications on DNA that affect gene expression in kidney cells from patients with chronic kidney disease versus healthy controls. This is the first study to show that changes in these modifications – the cornerstone of the field of epigenetics – might explain chronic kidney disease.

Lessons to be learnt about influenza A, four years after the public alarm Posted: 22 Nov 2013 01:55 PM PST With autumn just around the corner and a new flu strain lying in wait for us, the presentation of a study analyzing the management of the 2009 influenza A crisis could not, if anything, be better timed.

Link between allergies, increased risk of blood cancers in women Posted: 22 Nov 2013 01:54 PM PST A team of scientists looking into the interplay of the immune system and cancer have found a link between a history of airborne allergies – in particular to plants, grass and trees – with risk of blood cancers in women.

Tell-tale genes linked to eating disorders Posted: 22 Nov 2013 01:54 PM PST Until recently, no one knew how eating disorders occur or what triggers them. Recently published research suggests a new strategy to understand eating disorders, and it may lead to innovative treatments.

Stuck on flu Posted: 22 Nov 2013 01:54 PM PST Researchers have shown for the first time how influenza A viruses snip through a protective mucus net to both infect respiratory cells and later cut their way out to infect other cells.

Notch signaling pathway keeps immature T cells on the right track Posted: 22 Nov 2013 01:54 PM PST One protein called Notch, which has well-known roles in the development of multiple tissues, plays an essential role in triggering T-cell development. Notch signaling induces expression of genes that promote the maturation of T cells and discourage alternative cell fates. Deficiency of the Notch target gene Hes1 in blood stem cells results in extremely low T-cell numbers, and could shed light on how normal cells are transformed in the context of cancer.

Oatmeal beats ready-to-eat breakfast cereal at improving appetite control Posted: 22 Nov 2013 10:24 AM PST While obesity is a complex and multifaceted problem, much of the strategy behind combating it boils down to healthy eating habits. Taking into account the primary role of subjective appetite sensations in said habits, a group of researchers recently compared the satiety impact of two popular breakfast choices: oatmeal and ready-to-eat breakfast cereal.

Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption increases endometrial cancer risk Posted: 22 Nov 2013 10:23 AM PST Postmenopausal women who consumed sugar-sweetened beverages were more likely to develop the most common type of endometrial cancer compared with women who did not drink sugar-sweetened beverages, according to a study published.

Chemotherapy: When intestinal bacteria provide reinforcement Posted: 22 Nov 2013 08:57 AM PST Research has led to a rather surprising discovery on the manner in which cancer chemotherapy treatments act more effectively with the help of the intestinal flora (also known as the intestinal microbiota).

Extent of obesity not strongest factor for patients when choosing weight loss operation Posted: 22 Nov 2013 08:27 AM PST A new study investigating why obese patients choose one type of weight loss operation over another reveals that the main factors influencing decision making are whether patients have type 2 diabetes, how much weight they want to lose, and their tolerance for surgical risk to achieve their ideal weight.

Why some ear, respiratory infections become chronic Posted: 22 Nov 2013 07:39 AM PST Scientists have figured out how a bacterium that causes ear and respiratory illnesses is able to elude immune detection in the middle ear, likely contributing to chronic or recurrent infections in adults and children.

Researchers pioneer first patient-specific 3-D virtual birth simulator Posted: 22 Nov 2013 05:45 AM PST Computer scientists are working to create a virtual birthing simulator that will help doctors and midwives prepare for unusual or dangerous births. The new program will take into account factors such as the shape of the mother's body and the positioning of the baby to provide patient-specific birth predictions.

'Immune gene' in humans inherited from Neanderthals, study suggests Posted: 22 Nov 2013 05:44 AM PST Scientists have discovered a novel receptor, which allows the immune system of modern humans to recognize dangerous invaders, and subsequently elicits an immune response. The blueprint for this advantageous structure was in addition identified in the genome of Neanderthals, hinting at its origin. The presence of this receptor in Europeans but its absence in early humans suggests that it was inherited from Neanderthals.

Lowering three risk factors could cut obesity-related risk of heart disease by more than half Posted: 21 Nov 2013 07:52 PM PST Controlling blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and blood glucose may substantially reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke associated with being overweight or obese.

Better prediction for epileptic seizures through adaptive learning approach Posted: 21 Nov 2013 01:33 PM PST An engineering professor has developed a computational model that can more accurately predict when an epileptic seizure will occur next based on the patient's personalized medical information.

Research paves path for hybrid nano-materials to replace pills, human tissue Posted: 21 Nov 2013 01:32 PM PST A team of researchers has uncovered critical information that could help scientists understand how protein polymers interact with other self-assembling biopolymers. The research helps explain naturally occurring nano-material within cells and could one day lead to engineered bio-composites for drug delivery, artificial tissue, bio-sensing, or cancer diagnosis.

Heavy drinking bad for marriage if only one spouse drinks Posted: 21 Nov 2013 01:32 PM PST Do drinking and marriage mix? That depends on who's doing the drinking -- and how much -- according to a recent study.

Worldwide trends show oropharyngeal cancer rates increasing Posted: 21 Nov 2013 09:56 AM PST Scientists report that the incidence of oropharyngeal cancer significantly increased during the period 1983-2002 among people in countries that are economically developed.

How alcohol impairs the immune system Posted: 21 Nov 2013 07:36 AM PST Leading alcohol researchers from the United States and Europe are presenting the latest findings on how alcohol impairs the immune system.

Cancer researchers translate new findings to enhance melanoma treatment Posted: 21 Nov 2013 07:36 AM PST Drugs called BRAF inhibitors shrink most melanoma tumors quickly. Despite good responses, melanoma tumors do not shrink away completely. Left-behind cancer cells allow tumors to grow back drug resistant. However, using Multiple drugs that simultaneously target the different tumor resistance mechanisms may prevent drug resistance and tumor regrowth.

Growth stunted in lower-income youth with kidney disease Posted: 21 Nov 2013 06:15 AM PST Even with more prescriptions for growth hormone, children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease were less likely to grow to normal height ranges if they came from lower-income families, according to research.

Rotavirus vaccination may also protect children against seizures Posted: 21 Nov 2013 06:15 AM PST A new study suggests an additional -- and somewhat surprising -- potential benefit of vaccinating children against rotavirus, a common cause of diarrhea and vomiting. Besides protecting kids from intestinal illness caused by rotavirus, immunization may also reduce the risk of related seizures, according to findings published.

HIV, parenting needs to be discussed Posted: 21 Nov 2013 06:15 AM PST A new study has found that young people who were born HIV positive want to have children, but are concerned about the effect this will have on their relationships, particularly the need to tell partners they are HIV positive.

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