ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Impulsive personality linked to food addiction
• New study changes conceptions about the determinants of skull development and form
• Study expands cancer genomics universe
• Do doctors spend too much time looking at computer screen?
• Aspirin intake may stop growth of tumors that cause hearing loss
• When hospitals share patient records, emergency patients benefit, study suggests
• Simple amoeba holds the key to better treatment for Alzheimer's disease
• The scent of cancer: Detecting cancer with fruit fly's antenna
• New cause identified for children, adults with joint, skeletal, skin problems
• The shape of infectious prions
• New computer model may aid personalized cancer care
• Evolution of drug resistance within a HIV population
• The rocky road to a better flu vaccine
• Lab-grown, virus-free stem cells repair retinal tissue in mice
• Research shows gap in care for childhood cancer survivors
• Sports medicine physical of future could help athletes 'ESCAPE' sudden cardiac death
• Liars find it more rewarding to tell truth than fib when deceiving others
• What makes cell division accurate?
• Scientists find regulator of amyloid plaque buildup in alzheimer's disease
• Major South African trial did not improve tuberculosis control in gold mines
• Hormone replacement therapy cuts risk of repeat knee/hip replacement surgery by 40 percent
• Risk of future disability to child should 'weigh heavily' in birthplace decisions
• Disappointing Alzheimer's trial yields new ideas
• One in five women with ovarian cancer has inherited predisposition
• New drug shows promise in treating indolent non-Hodgkin lymphomas
• Researchers study therapy to relieve sickle cell pain
• Can fish oil help preserve brain cells?
• Malaria drug combo could help prevent pregnancy complications in lupus patients
• Better protein capture a boon for drug manufacturers
• Gene therapy leads to robust improvements in animal model of fatal muscle disease
• Genomic tumor testing conducted
• Drug discovery potential of natural microbial genomes
• Proper sleep a key contributor to health, well-being

Impulsive personality linked to food addiction Posted: 24 Jan 2014 01:12 PM PST The same kinds of impulsive behavior that lead some people to abuse alcohol and other drugs may also be an important contributor to an unhealthy relationship with food, according to new research.

New study changes conceptions about the determinants of skull development and form Posted: 24 Jan 2014 01:12 PM PST A new study offers surprising insights into dietary influences on the growing skull.

Study expands cancer genomics universe Posted: 24 Jan 2014 08:57 AM PST By analyzing the genomes of thousands of patients' tumors, a research team has discovered many new cancer genes -- expanding the list of known genes tied to these cancers by 25 percent. The team's work, which lays a critical foundation for future cancer drug development, also shows that creating a comprehensive catalog of cancer genes for scores of cancer types is feasible with as few as 100,000 patient samples.

Do doctors spend too much time looking at computer screen? Posted: 24 Jan 2014 08:57 AM PST When physicians spend too much time looking at the computer screen in the exam room, nonverbal cues may get overlooked and affect doctors' ability to pay attention and communicate with patients, according to a study.

Aspirin intake may stop growth of tumors that cause hearing loss Posted: 24 Jan 2014 08:07 AM PST Researchers have demonstrated, for the first time, that Aspirin intake correlates with halted growth of vestibular schwannomas (also known as acoustic neuromas), a sometimes lethal intracranial tumor that typically causes hearing loss and tinnitus.

When hospitals share patient records, emergency patients benefit, study suggests Posted: 24 Jan 2014 07:19 AM PST As hospitals and doctors' offices across the country race to join online systems that let them share medical information securely, a new study suggests that these systems may already be helping cut unnecessary care. Fewer emergency patients got repeated medical scans when they went to a hospital that takes part in a health information exchange,according to new findings.

Simple amoeba holds the key to better treatment for Alzheimer's disease Posted: 24 Jan 2014 05:27 AM PST Scientists have discovered the use of a simple single-celled amoeba to understand the function of human proteins in causing Alzheimer's disease.

The scent of cancer: Detecting cancer with fruit fly's antenna Posted: 24 Jan 2014 05:27 AM PST Researchers have, for the first time, detected cancer cells using the olfactory senses of fruit flies.

New cause identified for children, adults with joint, skeletal, skin problems Posted: 24 Jan 2014 05:26 AM PST Scientists have identified the cause of a rare condition called Leri's pleonosteosis (LP). LP is an inherited condition in which children are born with contractures of multiple joints and then develop difficulty of joint movements that progress in severity with age. The research team showed that extra genetic material on chromosome number 8 caused the condition in two families from Manchester.

The shape of infectious prions Posted: 24 Jan 2014 05:26 AM PST Prions are unique infective agents -- unlike viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites, prions do not contain either DNA or RNA. Despite their seemingly simple structure, they can propagate their pathological effects like wildfire, by "infecting" normal proteins. PrPSc (the pathological form of the prion protein) can induce normal prion proteins (PrPC) to acquire the wrong conformation and convert into further disease-causing agents.

New computer model may aid personalized cancer care Posted: 24 Jan 2014 05:23 AM PST Scientists have developed a mathematical model to predict how a patient's tumor is likely to behave and which of several possible treatments is most likely to be effective.

Evolution of drug resistance within a HIV population Posted: 23 Jan 2014 07:20 PM PST A new study found that in some patients a resistance mutation to a particular drug appeared in a single virus particle, which then rapidly proliferated until the entire viral population within the patient consisted of its progeny and was also resistant to the drug. In other patients the same resistance mutation occurred in multiple viral particles within a short window of time, which led to a more heterogeneous, but still drug-resistant, viral population.

The rocky road to a better flu vaccine Posted: 23 Jan 2014 07:20 PM PST Currently approved flu vaccines are less effective in the elderly, yet an estimated 90 percent of influenza-related deaths occur in people over 65.

Lab-grown, virus-free stem cells repair retinal tissue in mice Posted: 23 Jan 2014 07:19 PM PST Investigators have developed human induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) capable of repairing damaged retinal vascular tissue in mice. The stem cells, derived from human umbilical cord-blood and coaxed into an embryonic-like state, were grown without the conventional use of viruses, which can mutate genes and initiate cancers, according to the scientists. Their safer method of growing the cells paves the way for a stem cell bank of cord-blood derived iPSCs to advance regenerative medicine research.

Research shows gap in care for childhood cancer survivors Posted: 23 Jan 2014 01:18 PM PST A recent study shows that many internists feel ill-equipped to care for adult patients who are childhood cancer survivors.

Sports medicine physical of future could help athletes 'ESCAPE' sudden cardiac death Posted: 23 Jan 2014 12:48 PM PST A young athlete in seemingly excellent health dies suddenly from a previously undetected cardiovascular condition such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in nearly every US state annually. Although these conditions can be detected using electrocardiography (ECG) during a screening exam, the American Heart Association recommends against routine use of ECG, because it has a high false-positive rate.

Liars find it more rewarding to tell truth than fib when deceiving others Posted: 23 Jan 2014 12:47 PM PST A report based on two neural imaging studies that monitored brain activity has found individuals are more satisfied to get a reward from telling the truth rather than getting the same reward through deceit.

What makes cell division accurate? Posted: 23 Jan 2014 09:55 AM PST Losing or gaining chromosomes during cell division can lead to cancer and other diseases, so understanding mitosis is important for developing therapeutic strategies. New research focused on one important part of this process. The results improve our understanding of how cell division gives rise to two daughter cells with an equal complement of chromosomes.

Scientists find regulator of amyloid plaque buildup in alzheimer's disease Posted: 23 Jan 2014 09:53 AM PST Scientists have identified a critical regulator of a molecule deeply involved in the progression of Alzheimer's disease.

Major South African trial did not improve tuberculosis control in gold mines Posted: 22 Jan 2014 05:22 PM PST A major trial aiming to cut the rate of tuberculosis among South Africa's gold miners did not reduce the number of cases or deaths from the disease, according to a study.

Hormone replacement therapy cuts risk of repeat knee/hip replacement surgery by 40 percent Posted: 22 Jan 2014 05:22 PM PST Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) taken regularly for six months after a knee or hip replacement seems to cut the risk of repeat surgery by around 40 percent, indicates a large population based study published.

Risk of future disability to child should 'weigh heavily' in birthplace decisions Posted: 22 Jan 2014 05:22 PM PST The risk of future long-term disability to the child should "weigh heavily" in decisions about whether to give birth at home or in hospital, argue leading ethicists.

Disappointing Alzheimer's trial yields new ideas Posted: 22 Jan 2014 05:22 PM PST A new study documents the high-profile failure of a promising drug, bapineuzumab, to slow cognitive decline in dementia patients. Researchers have learned key lessons that they are eager to apply in new attempts to find effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease.

One in five women with ovarian cancer has inherited predisposition Posted: 22 Jan 2014 05:20 PM PST A new study conservatively estimates that one in five women with ovarian cancer has inherited genetic mutations that increase the risk of the disease.

New drug shows promise in treating indolent non-Hodgkin lymphomas Posted: 22 Jan 2014 05:20 PM PST A new drug, idelalisib, shows efficacy in treating patients with relapsed indolent non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

Researchers study therapy to relieve sickle cell pain Posted: 22 Jan 2014 02:05 PM PST A study investigates a treatment for children and young adults who are suffering from a sickle cell pain crisis.

Can fish oil help preserve brain cells? Posted: 22 Jan 2014 02:05 PM PST People with higher levels of the omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil may also have larger brain volumes in old age equivalent to preserving one to two years of brain health, according to a study published. Shrinking brain volume is a sign of Alzheimer's disease as well as normal aging.

Malaria drug combo could help prevent pregnancy complications in lupus patients Posted: 22 Jan 2014 12:39 PM PST An anti-malaria drug combination might be useful in helping to prevent pregnancy complications in women with lupus and the related disorder antiphospholipid syndrome, researchers have found.

Better protein capture a boon for drug manufacturers Posted: 22 Jan 2014 12:39 PM PST Scientists have created a way to fine tune a process critical to the pharmaceutical industry that could save time and money.

Gene therapy leads to robust improvements in animal model of fatal muscle disease Posted: 22 Jan 2014 12:39 PM PST Preclinical studies show that gene therapy can strengthen muscles and lengthen lives in animal models of a fatal congenital disease in children, X-linked myotubular myopathy. The findings demonstrate the clinical feasibility of future trials for this devastating disease. Children born with the condition have floppy muscles and breathing difficulty, and may need life support. Most die in childhood. The effectiveness of this process was tested in mice and dogs with engineered adenovirus vector carrying a gene to replace the mutation.

Genomic tumor testing conducted Posted: 22 Jan 2014 12:36 PM PST Clinical laboratory experts and physicians achieved 100 percent accuracy using new gene sequencing equipment and panels to test for abnormal DNA in cancerous tumor cells, paving the way for routine genetic testing in personalizing cancer care

Drug discovery potential of natural microbial genomes Posted: 22 Jan 2014 12:36 PM PST Scientists have developed a new genetic platform that allows efficient production of naturally occurring molecules, and have used it to produce a novel antibiotic compound.

Proper sleep a key contributor to health, well-being Posted: 22 Jan 2014 12:36 PM PST Getting a good night's sleep means more than you probably think. Researchers suggest that the importance of sleep is underestimated by the general public.

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