الأربعاء، 8 يناير 2014

ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

Eight million lives saved since Surgeon General's tobacco warning 50 years ago

Posted: 07 Jan 2014 06:55 PM PST

A new study estimates that 8 million lives have been saved in the United States as a result of anti-smoking measures that began 50 years ago this month with the groundbreaking report from the Surgeon General outlining the deadly consequences of tobacco use.

Link found between intimate partner violence and termination of pregnancy

Posted: 07 Jan 2014 06:53 PM PST

Intimate partner violence in women (sometimes referred to as domestic violence) is linked to termination of pregnancy, according to a new study. The study also found that intimate partner violence was linked to a women's partner not knowing about the termination of pregnancy.

Sugar-sweetened beverage tax could reduce obesity and type 2 diabetes in India

Posted: 07 Jan 2014 06:53 PM PST

A sugar-sweetened beverage tax could help mitigate the rise in obesity and type 2 diabetes rates in India among both urban and rural populations, according to a new study.

Teriflunomide in multiple sclerosis: Added benefit not proven

Posted: 07 Jan 2014 10:59 AM PST

Flu-like symptoms and reactions at the injection site of Teriflunomide for treatment of those with Multiple Sclerosis occur less frequently than under beta interferon 1a, whereas diarrhea and hair loss are more frequent. There are no relevant differences in other aspects of treatment.

Aflibercept in macular oedema: Added benefit not proven

Posted: 07 Jan 2014 10:59 AM PST

Due to a lack of suitable data, it is not proven that visual impairment in macular oedema can be treated more effectively with aflibercept than with the appropriate comparator therapy.

Dabrafenib in melanoma: Added benefit not proven

Posted: 07 Jan 2014 10:59 AM PST

No positive effects regarding mortality, symptoms and quality of life can be derived from the available data on the use of Dabrafenib in melanoma treatment. The side effects are too concerning, says a new study, and overall, the data are too uncertain for it to be recommended.

Synthetic genetic clock checks thermometer

Posted: 07 Jan 2014 10:58 AM PST

Scientists have developed a method to make robust synthetic gene circuits that can adjust to changing temperatures. The research may provide a window into natural genetic regulatory processes.

On-demand vaccines possible with engineered nanoparticles

Posted: 07 Jan 2014 10:43 AM PST

Engineers hope a new type of vaccine they have shown to work in mice will one day make it cheaper and easy to manufacture on-demand vaccines for humans. Immunizations could be administered within minutes where and when a disease is breaking out.

When germs attack: Lens into molecular dance

Posted: 07 Jan 2014 08:25 AM PST

Researchers have zoomed in on what is going on at the molecular level when the body recognizes and defends against an attack of pathogens, and the findings, they say, could influence how drugs are developed to treat autoimmune diseases.

Cold weather increases chances of carbon monoxide poisoning; toxicologist offers advice

Posted: 07 Jan 2014 08:25 AM PST

Temperatures in the next few days are predicted to be the coldest of the winter so far, and people using space heaters to get some extra warmth into their living and working spaces need to be aware of a potential "silent killer" inside their homes and offices — carbon monoxide (CO).

Stem cells on road to specialization

Posted: 07 Jan 2014 07:26 AM PST

Scientists have gained new insight into how both early embryonic cells and embryonic stem cells are directed into becoming specialized cell types, like pancreatic and liver cells.

Several forms of vitamin E protect against memory disorders, study says

Posted: 07 Jan 2014 07:26 AM PST

Elderly people with high serum vitamin E levels are less likely to suffer from memory disorders than their peers with lower levels, according to a study published recently. According to the researchers, various forms of vitamin E seem to play a role in memory processes.

Cancer Statistics 2014: Death rates continue to drop

Posted: 07 Jan 2014 07:26 AM PST

An American Cancer Society report finds steady declines in cancer death rates for the past two decades add up to a 20 percent drop in the overall risk of dying from cancer over that time period. Progress has been most rapid for middle-aged black men. Nevertheless, black men still have the highest cancer incidence and death rates among all ethnicities in the US.

Green spaces deliver lasting mental health benefits

Posted: 07 Jan 2014 06:33 AM PST

Green space in towns and cities could lead to significant and sustained improvements in mental health, finds a new study. Analyzing data that followed people over a five year period, the research has found that moving to a greener area not only improves people's mental health, but that the effect continues long after they have moved.

Racism may accelerate aging in African-American men

Posted: 07 Jan 2014 06:33 AM PST

A new study reveals that racism may impact aging at the cellular level. A research team found signs of accelerated aging in a group of African-American men who reported experiencing high levels of racial discrimination and who had internalized anti-black attitudes. Findings from the study are the first to link racism-related factors and shortened telomere length.

Workplace wellness programs can cut chronic illness costs

Posted: 06 Jan 2014 04:01 PM PST

Workplace wellness programs have the potential to reduce health risks and cut health care spending, but employers and policymakers should not take for granted that the lifestyle management components of the programs can reduce costs or lead to savings overall.

Personal health record associated with improved medication adherence

Posted: 06 Jan 2014 01:01 PM PST

Patients with diabetes who used an online patient portal to refill medications increased their medication adherence and improved their cholesterol levels, according to a new study.

Simplified lung cancer prevention, screening guidelines

Posted: 06 Jan 2014 06:40 AM PST

Alarmingly, more than 200,000 Americans will be diagnosed with lung cancer this year and nearly 160,000 people will die of the disease. In fact, lung cancer takes more lives each year than colorectal, breast and prostate cancers combined. Experts are committed to reducing these lethal statistics and have developed tools to simplify lung cancer prevention and screening recommendations.

Overuse injuries, burnout in youth sports can have long-term effects

Posted: 03 Jan 2014 05:51 PM PST

As an emphasis on competitive success in youth sports has led to intense training, frequent competition and early single sport specialization, overuse injuries and burnout have become common. Given these concerns, a new clinical report provides guidance to physicians and healthcare professionals who provide care for young athletes.

Study explaining parasite gene expression could help fight toxoplasmosis, malaria

Posted: 03 Jan 2014 05:56 AM PST

A newly identified protein and other proteins it interacts with could become effective targets for new drugs to control the parasite that cause toxoplasmosis, researchers reported.
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