ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Countries must work together to stop organ traffickers, says researcher
• Policies of NIH, other funders, have improved data-sharing by life-science investigators
• Child maltreatment underreported in medicaid claims, study finds
• Many Patients Excluded From Lung Cancer Clinical Trials Due to Prior Cancer, Study Finds
• Cardiology leaders call for global prevention of heart disease, stroke
• New tool assesses skill development in robotic microsurgery
• Scanning babies' fingerprints could save lives through vaccination tracking
• Severe periodontitis: Sixth most prevalent health condition in the world
• COPD patients breathe easier with lung flute, study shows
• Disease Without Borders: bioregional guide aims to improve human, environmental health
• New tool assesses skill development in robotic microsurgery
• Decision Analysis Can Help Women Make Choices about Breast Reconstruction
• Researchers contribute to study of trained immunity
• Unexpected clue to peripheral neuropathies found
• Strategy to reduce side effects in modern cancer therapy
• Minority background, low education, and low income negatively influence HPV vaccine series completion
• Guideline for management of atopic dermatitis focuses on prevention of flares, long-term disease management
• Biochemists solve 'address problem' in cells that leads to lethal kidney disease
• Protecting the body from itself: How defense cells fight disease, but not themselves
• Secret to raising well behaved teens? Maximize their zzzzz's
• Skin pigment renders sun's UV radiation harmless using projectiles
• Discrepancies in access to new cancer drugs revealed
• More than 70% of young oncologists in Europe suffer symptoms of burnout
• Protein 'map' could lead to potent new cancer drugs
• New study lists top psychologists of modern era
• Experts call for moratorium on use of new internet domain .health
• Turmeric compound boosts regeneration of brain stem cells
• Leading health experts urge European governments to 'mobilize all possible resources' to fight Ebola epidemic
• Talk therapy – not medication – best for social anxiety disorder, large study finds
• Tropical disease prevalence in Latin America presents opportunity for US
• Jersey drivers admit to risky behaviors, poll finds
• Bariatric surgery not a magic wand to curb depression
• Gastric bypass bests banding for weight loss, diabetes, high blood pressure, and cholesterol control
• Super enhancers in the inflamed endothelium
• New research outlines promising therapies for small cell lung cancer
• Process by which drugs are discovered, developed will be fundamentally different in the future

Countries must work together to stop organ traffickers, says researcher Posted: 26 Sep 2014 06:36 PM PDT The author of new research into organ trafficking has called for a concerted international effort to confront the problem. Although there is no internationally agreed definition, 'organ trafficking' is broadly defined as situations in which people are tricked into giving up organs, may sell them for financial gain but are not paid for as agreed.

Policies of NIH, other funders, have improved data-sharing by life-science investigators Posted: 26 Sep 2014 12:04 PM PDT Policies put into place by major funding agencies like the National Institutes of Health, and to a lesser extent by scientific journals, appear to be meeting the goal of increasing the sharing of scientific resources among life science investigators, experts say.

Child maltreatment underreported in medicaid claims, study finds Posted: 26 Sep 2014 12:04 PM PDT Medicaid claims are a poor way to identify child abuse and neglect at a population level, according to a study. Previous research has documented the reasons clinicians may not enter maltreatment codes while billing Medicaid, but the magnitude at a national level has not been known.

Many Patients Excluded From Lung Cancer Clinical Trials Due to Prior Cancer, Study Finds Posted: 26 Sep 2014 12:04 PM PDT Lung cancer clinical trials exclude a substantial proportion of patients due to a history of prior cancer, research shows. "The resulting impact on study accrual is sobering," said one author who projected that the effects of these exclusions will only increase with time; there are currently more than 13 million cancer survivors in the U.S., which is a four-fold increase over the past 30 years.

Cardiology leaders call for global prevention of heart disease, stroke Posted: 26 Sep 2014 11:11 AM PDT Heart disease and stroke contribute to 30 percent of global deaths, more than all infectious and parasitic diseases combined, and 11 cardiovascular organizations are calling for the United Nations to address prevention of heart disease and other non-communicable diseases.

New tool assesses skill development in robotic microsurgery Posted: 26 Sep 2014 11:11 AM PDT A new standardized assessment provides a useful tool for tracking surgeons' progress as they develop the skills needed to perform robot-assisted microsurgery.

Scanning babies' fingerprints could save lives through vaccination tracking Posted: 26 Sep 2014 11:10 AM PDT Each year 2.5 million children die worldwide because they do not receive life-saving vaccinations at the appropriate time. Now researchers are developing a fingerprint-based recognition method to track vaccination schedules for infants and toddlers, which will increase immunization coverage and save lives.

Severe periodontitis: Sixth most prevalent health condition in the world Posted: 26 Sep 2014 11:10 AM PDT There is an enormous public health challenge posed by severe periodontitis and are a microcosm of the epidemiologic transition to non-communicable diseases occurring in many countries, experts say. In 2010, severe periodontitis was the sixth most prevalent condition in the world affecting 743 million people worldwide. Between 1990 and 2010, the global age-standardized prevalence of severe periodontitis was static at 11.2%.

COPD patients breathe easier with lung flute, study shows Posted: 26 Sep 2014 11:07 AM PDT Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) report improved symptoms and health status when they use a hand-held respiratory device called the Lung Flute®, according to a new study.

Disease Without Borders: bioregional guide aims to improve human, environmental health Posted: 26 Sep 2014 11:07 AM PDT A bioregional guide that merges place-based (territorial) city planning and ecosystem management along the United States-Mexico border has been launched by experts as way to improve human and environmental health.

New tool assesses skill development in robotic microsurgery Posted: 26 Sep 2014 11:07 AM PDT A new standardized assessment provides a useful tool for tracking surgeons' progress as they develop the skills needed to perform robot-assisted microsurgery, reports a study.

Decision Analysis Can Help Women Make Choices about Breast Reconstruction Posted: 26 Sep 2014 11:07 AM PDT Decision analysis techniques can help surgeons and patients evaluate alternatives for breast reconstruction—leading to a "good decision" that reflects the woman's preferences and values, according to a study.

Researchers contribute to study of trained immunity Posted: 26 Sep 2014 08:21 AM PDT Support for a new -- and still controversial -- understanding of the immune system has been released in a new study. Epigenetic profiling experiments identified genes involved in glucose metabolism as being critical for trained immunity. These findings have potential implications both for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases and for bolstering the immune response to pathogens in situations where the immune system is not functioning properly.

Unexpected clue to peripheral neuropathies found Posted: 26 Sep 2014 08:21 AM PDT Disrupting the molecular function of a tumor suppressor causes improper formation of a protective insulating sheath on peripheral nerves -- leading to neuropathy and muscle wasting in mice similar to that in human diabetes and neurodegeneration. A new study also suggests that normal molecular function of the tumor suppressor gene Lkb1 is essential to the formation process.

Strategy to reduce side effects in modern cancer therapy Posted: 26 Sep 2014 08:21 AM PDT A new strategy for reducing the often serious side effects of an important class of modern anticancer drugs -- tyrosine kinase inhibitors has been developed by an international team of researchers. The novel drug is supposed to restrict its activity with high selectivity to the malignant tumor.

Minority background, low education, and low income negatively influence HPV vaccine series completion Posted: 26 Sep 2014 08:21 AM PDT Only 60% of young US women who received the first dose of the human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine went on to complete the three-dose vaccine series, research shows. The study found that minority backgrounds, low income, and low education were associated with non-completion.

Guideline for management of atopic dermatitis focuses on prevention of flares, long-term disease management Posted: 26 Sep 2014 07:08 AM PDT Newly updated guideline of care for the management of adult and pediatric atopic dermatitis focuses on the management and control of the condition, the co-existence of allergic disease, and the use of alternative approaches to supplement medical therapies. This evidence-based guideline is the final section of a four-part series on the care and management of atopic dermatitis developed by dermatologists who are experts in the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Biochemists solve 'address problem' in cells that leads to lethal kidney disease Posted: 26 Sep 2014 06:13 AM PDT Research published by biochemists may lead to a new treatment, or even a cure, for a rare, genetic kidney disease that afflicts children, and may provide important insights into treatments for Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and other degenerative diseases.

Protecting the body from itself: How defense cells fight disease, but not themselves Posted: 26 Sep 2014 06:13 AM PDT A clearer relationship between two cells that serve our body's natural defense mechanisms against diseases and infections has now been gained through new research. The findings will help the medical community better understand autoimmunity and could pave the way for treatment of autoimmune diseases.

Secret to raising well behaved teens? Maximize their zzzzz's Posted: 26 Sep 2014 05:58 AM PDT While American pediatricians warn sleep deprivation can stack the deck against teenagers, a new study reveals youth's irritability and laziness aren't down to attitude problems but lack of sleep. This paper exposes the negative consequences of sleep deprivation caused by early school bells, and shows that altering education times not only perks up teens' mood, but also enhances learning and health.

Skin pigment renders sun's UV radiation harmless using projectiles Posted: 26 Sep 2014 05:58 AM PDT The pigment of the skin protects the body from the sun's dangerous UV rays, but researchers have not until recently known how this works. Now they report that skin pigment converts the UV radiation into heat through a rapid chemical reaction that shoots protons from the molecules of the pigment.

Discrepancies in access to new cancer drugs revealed Posted: 26 Sep 2014 05:55 AM PDT Access to potentially life-extending cancer drugs varies significantly in different regions of the world, two new studies show. Researchers say the results demonstrate the need for better collaboration between doctors and health authorities on an international scale, to ensure patients have access to the best treatments.

More than 70% of young oncologists in Europe suffer symptoms of burnout Posted: 26 Sep 2014 05:55 AM PDT Across Europe, more than 70% of young cancer specialists are showing signs of burnout, the largest survey of its kind has revealed. The results have prompted calls for serious action to address the issue at all levels. Burnout could lead to serious personal consequences for the doctor such as anxiety, depression, alcohol or substance abuse and suicide, researchers warned.

Protein 'map' could lead to potent new cancer drugs Posted: 26 Sep 2014 05:55 AM PDT Chemists have gained fresh insights into how a disease-causing enzyme makes changes to proteins and how it can be stopped. The scientists hope their findings will help them to design drugs that could target the enzyme, known as N-myristoyltransferase (NMT), and potentially lead to new treatments for cancer and inflammatory conditions.

New study lists top psychologists of modern era Posted: 26 Sep 2014 05:54 AM PDT A new study ranks the top 200 psychologists from recent decades. The researchers say the list serves educational, administrative and scholarly purposes, identifying the psychologists who have had the most effect on the profession, and the types of contributions that receive recognition. It also identifies gender and ethnic disparities.

Experts call for moratorium on use of new internet domain .health Posted: 25 Sep 2014 05:58 PM PDT As the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers moves forward with plans to launch health-related generic top-level domains, such as .health and .doctor, a coalition of health policy academics and clinicians are raising concerns about a process they say 'favor[s] business interests and the generation of profits over the future integrity of the Health Internet.'

Turmeric compound boosts regeneration of brain stem cells Posted: 25 Sep 2014 05:58 PM PDT A bioactive compound found in turmeric promotes stem cell proliferation and differentiation in the brain, reveals new research. The findings suggest aromatic turmerone could be a future drug candidate for treating neurological disorders, such as stroke and Alzheimer's disease.

Leading health experts urge European governments to 'mobilize all possible resources' to fight Ebola epidemic Posted: 25 Sep 2014 05:57 PM PDT Leading health experts urge EU Member States to "mobilize all possible resources" to assist West Africans in controlling the Ebola epidemic. They call for European countries to take specific measures, including allowing health professionals to volunteer for temporary leave to assist with the crisis, and incentivising private companies to reverse travel restrictions to affected regions.

Talk therapy – not medication – best for social anxiety disorder, large study finds Posted: 25 Sep 2014 05:56 PM PDT While antidepressants are the most commonly used treatment for social anxiety disorder, new research suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy is more effective and, unlike medication, can have lasting effects long after treatment has stopped.

Tropical disease prevalence in Latin America presents opportunity for US Posted: 25 Sep 2014 03:27 PM PDT Recently published prevalence estimates of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in five Latin American countries -- Bolivia, Cuba, Ecuador, Nicaragua and Venezuela -- could suggest a new direction for United States foreign policy in the region, according to a tropical-disease expert.

Jersey drivers admit to risky behaviors, poll finds Posted: 25 Sep 2014 03:27 PM PDT New Jersey drivers are generally intolerant of behaviors perceived as risky or prone to cause distraction in other drivers, but many do engage in these behaviors themselves, a poll finds.

Bariatric surgery not a magic wand to curb depression Posted: 25 Sep 2014 03:27 PM PDT Most severely obese people experience much better spirits once they shed weight through a diet, lifestyle changes or medical intervention. This is unfortunately not true for everyone, say experts.

Gastric bypass bests banding for weight loss, diabetes, high blood pressure, and cholesterol control Posted: 25 Sep 2014 03:25 PM PDT Gastric bypass surgery has better outcomes than gastric banding for long-term weight loss, controlling type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, and lowering cholesterol levels, according to a new review by surgeons of nearly 30 long-term studies comparing the two types of bariatric procedures.

Super enhancers in the inflamed endothelium Posted: 25 Sep 2014 10:23 AM PDT BET bromodomain-containing proteins help execute this global inflammatory program in the endothelium while BET bromodomain inhibition can significantly decrease atherosclerosis in vivo, a study shows.

New research outlines promising therapies for small cell lung cancer Posted: 25 Sep 2014 10:07 AM PDT Two recent studies have the potential to advance treatments for small cell lung cell cancer (SCLC), researchers report. This aggressive form of lung cancer has seen no treatment advances in 30 years and "is a disease in urgent need of new drug therapies," write the study's authors.

Process by which drugs are discovered, developed will be fundamentally different in the future Posted: 25 Sep 2014 10:07 AM PDT Over the past several decades the pharmaceutical industry has managed to dismantle itself. "It's done a really efficient job of it," one expert said. In a provocative series of articles and interviews this researcher has been describing the history of this dismantling and its implications for the future of medicine. The inescapable conclusion is that "The process by which drugs are discovered and developed will be fundamentally different in the future."

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