السبت، 23 مايو 2015

ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

Scientists create mice with a major genetic cause of ALS, frontotemporal dementia

Posted: 22 May 2015 10:16 AM PDT

A novel mouse has been developed that exhibits the symptoms and neurodegeneration associated with the most common genetic forms of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, Lou Gehrig's disease), both of which are caused by a mutation in the a gene called C9ORF72.

Proton therapy has fewer side effects in esophageal cancer patients

Posted: 22 May 2015 10:16 AM PDT

New research has found that esophageal cancer patients treated with proton therapy experienced significantly less toxic side effects, including nausea, blood abnormalities and loss of appetite, than patients treated with older radiation therapies.

Best and safest blood pressure treatments in kidney, diabetes patients compiled

Posted: 22 May 2015 07:53 AM PDT

The first definitive summary of the best and safest blood pressure lowering treatments for kidney disease and diabetes patients has been compiled by clinicians. Diabetes and high blood pressure are the most common causes of kidney disease around the world, and people often have both. Chronic kidney disease caused by diabetes always affects both kidneys and generally gets worse over time, often leading to kidney failure requiring dialysis treatment or a kidney transplant.

Ledipasvir plus sofosbuvir: Hint of added benefit in further patient group

Posted: 22 May 2015 07:53 AM PDT

Documents subsequently submitted by the manufacturer show an advantage in sustained virologic response also for hepatitis C infection of genotype 1 with HIV coinfection without cirrhosis of the liver, reviewers report.

How a schizophrenia risk gene affects the brain

Posted: 22 May 2015 07:52 AM PDT

Brain imaging studies have already revealed that mental illnesses involve alterations in both the structure and connectivity of the brain. Scientists have now, for the first time, shown how the disruption of a key gene involved in mental illness impacts on the brain.

Faster heart rate linked to diabetes risk

Posted: 22 May 2015 05:35 AM PDT

An association between resting heart rate and diabetes suggests that heart rate measures could identify individuals with a higher future risk of diabetes, according to an international team of researchers.

Breastfeeding protects against environmental pollution

Posted: 22 May 2015 05:34 AM PDT

Living in a city with a high level of vehicle traffic or close to a steel works means living with two intense sources of environmental pollution. However, a study indicates that the harmful pollution particle matter and nitrogen dioxide disappears in breastfed babies during the first four months of life. According to the results of the research, breastfeeding plays a protective role in the presence of these two atmospheric pollutants.

Subconscious learning shapes pain responses

Posted: 22 May 2015 05:33 AM PDT

People can be conditioned to associate images with particular pain responses – such as improved tolerance to pain – even when they are not consciously aware of the images, research suggests.

New mechanism for Alzheimer's disease confirmed

Posted: 22 May 2015 05:33 AM PDT

Decreased removal of toxic peptides in the brain causes the onset and first clinical signs of Alzheimer's disease, research suggests, rather than overproduction as has previously been assumed. This information can now be used to target specific genes to enhance their function in the brain of elderly or people at risk.

Microfluidic cell-squeezing device opens new possibilities for cell-based vaccines

Posted: 22 May 2015 05:32 AM PDT

Researchers have shown that they can use a microfluidic cell-squeezing device to introduce specific antigens inside the immune system's B cells, providing a new approach to developing and implementing antigen-presenting cell vaccines.

Head injuries could result in neurodegenerative disease in rugby union players

Posted: 21 May 2015 06:37 PM PDT

Until now, the association between head injuries and neurodegenerative disease, specifically chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), has predominantly been made with boxers. Now, the first case has been reported showing an association between exposure to head injuries in rugby union players and an increased risk in neurodegenerative disease.

Human stem cell model reveals molecular cues critical to neurovascular unit formation

Posted: 21 May 2015 06:36 PM PDT

Using human embryonic stem cells, researchers have created a model that allows them to track cellular behavior during the earliest stages of human development in real-time. The model reveals, for the first time, how autonomic neurons and blood vessels come together to form the neurovascular unit.

Time is muscle in acute heart failure

Posted: 21 May 2015 06:06 PM PDT

Urgent diagnosis and treatment in acute heart failure (AHF) has been emphasized for the first time in joint recommendations recently published. This is the first time cardiologists, emergency physicians, intensivists and nurses from Europe and the USA have joined forces to agree a treatment algorithm for patients with AHF.

Raising a glass to the holidays: Research finds extra alcohol sold, consumed on holidays

Posted: 21 May 2015 06:06 PM PDT

Asking people about what they drink on holidays and other special occasions shows we drink around the equivalent of 12 million more bottles of wine a week than we previously thought in England. Previous surveys on alcohol consumption have not accounted for all the alcohol that is sold. This research appears to have found many of these 'missing units.'

Study on neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb

Posted: 21 May 2015 11:40 AM PDT

The integration of new neurons in the adult brain is a phenomenon more generally compromised in the brains of depressed patients, new research shows. This new work confirms that neurogenesis in the human olfactory bulb is a marginal phenomenon in adults. These findings shed light on the special features of the human brain.

Using healthy skin to identify cancer’s origins: Cancer-associated DNA changes in 25 per cent of normal skin cells

Posted: 21 May 2015 11:38 AM PDT

Normal skin contains an unexpectedly high number of cancer-associated mutations, according to a study. The findings illuminate the first steps cells take towards becoming a cancer and demonstrate the value of analyzing normal tissue to learn more about the origins of the disease.

Implantable micro-device to monitor oxygen in glioma to improve treatment outcomes

Posted: 21 May 2015 11:38 AM PDT

Monitoring oxygen levels in human tumors growing in a mouse brain using EPR oximetry with implantable resonators provides opportunities to evaluate and optimize various strategies being developed to improve oxygen levels in the glioma.

Anti-stroke drug effective treatment for middle-ear infections, researchers say

Posted: 21 May 2015 10:35 AM PDT

An existing anti-stroke drug is an effective treatment for middle-ear infections, showing the ability to suppress mucus overproduction, improve bacterial clearance and reduce hearing loss, according to researchers.

Blood test for Alzheimer's one step closer

Posted: 21 May 2015 09:09 AM PDT

A simple blood test to detect early Alzheimer's disease is a step closer to being used to screen older adults. Just as with blood tests for other diseases, such as diabetes, protocols must be established to make sure every lab performs the test exactly the same. Such guidelines are needed before FDA approval can be sought to use the test in a clinical setting. These such guidelines have just been released.
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