ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Extra love and support doesn't make up for being a helicopter parent
• Yeast protein network could provide insights into human obesity
• New discoveries advance efforts to build replacement kidneys in the lab
• Researchers create new combination vaccine to fight Streptococcus A
• Online hookup sites increase HIV rates in sometimes surprising ways
• Aging couples connected in sickness and health
• Bacteria may cause type 2 diabetes
• New color blindness cause identified: Finding suggests potential therapeutic targets
• New method may eliminate antibiotic use in livestock
• Picture perfect: Researchers use photos to understand how diabetes affects kids
• Using robots, scientists assemble promising antimicrobial compounds
• Microgravity experiments may help lighten the load of joint diseases
• Kit may help train global health providers to insert, remove contraceptive implants
• Multimodality treatment for metastatic lung cancer that includes surgery may improve survival rates
• Available genetic data could help doctors make better use of cardiovascular drugs
• Zinc in the body may contribute to kidney stones
• Sex and musculoskeletal health: Differences between males and females
• Canada's radon guidelines are inadequate, experts say
• Despite guidelines, too many medical tests are performed before low-risk procedures
• 10th-century medical philosophy and computer simulation in research
• Drug prevents passage of HBV during pregnancy
• At peak fertility, women who desire to maintain body attractiveness report they eat less
• Civilian physicians feel underprepared to treat veterans, survey finds
• Fructose contributes to weight gain, physical inactivity, and body fat, researchers find
• Study links exposure to common pesticide with ADHD in boys
• Missing link found between brain, immune system; major disease implications
• Poor sleep linked to toxic buildup of Alzheimer's protein, memory loss
• New anti-microbial compounds evade resistance with less toxicity
• Scientists reveal epigenome maps of the human body's major organs
• Researcher discovers metabolite of prostate cancer drug more effective at treating aggressive tumors
• Medical home intervention with shared savings shows quality, utilization improvements
• Breastfeeding may lower risk of childhood leukemia, study suggests
• Study explores reasons behind alcohol abuse in non-heterosexual women
• How does human behavior lead to surgical errors? Researchers count the ways
• Scientists discover protein that plays key role in streptococcal infections
• Trials show immune drugs effective in advanced melanomas
• Insulin degludec: No hint of added benefit in children and adolescents
• Researchers' discovery may explain difficulty in treating Lyme disease
• New perspective on phantom eye syndrome
• Twitter shared news of first Ebola case 3 days before officials
• Common antibiotic part of a new potential pancreatic cancer therapy
• The less you sleep, the more you eat
• Vitamin D, calcium supplements do not improve menopausal symptoms
• Neurotoxin found in commercial seafood
• New study reviews undertreated side effect from cancer treatment and recommendations for managing symptoms
• Anastrozole prevents recurrence more than tamoxifen in some with noninvasive breast cancer
• Poliovirus study finds that less is more
• Genome assembly in minutes: Deciphering the ‘book of life’ with supercomputers
• Gut check: Does a hospital stay set patients up for sepsis by disrupting the body’s microbiome?
• Unconscious use of 'medical marijuana? ' Hunter-gatherer cannabis use linked to fewer internal parasites
• Research highlights link between neighborhood and partner violence
• Teen drinking countered by laws that curb adult binge drinking
• Massive weight loss fuels surge in plastic surgery
• Patient information too high for patients' literacy: New Australian research
• New way to tackle vaccine hesitancy tested, found wanting
• Western diet may increase risk of death after prostate cancer diagnosis
• Study analyzes link between psychotropic drugs, homicide risk
• 73% of insomniacs cured after 1-hour therapy session
• Revolutionary technology to improve bedside tumor diagnosis in patients
• Helping hearing impaired hear movies

Extra love and support doesn't make up for being a helicopter parent Posted: 01 Jun 2015 02:29 PM PDT Scholars who found that helicopter parenting backfires have just published a follow-up study. Their question: Would lots of love and support negate the effects of parental hovering? Their data analysis says no, underscoring the need for parents to step back and let young adult children lead.

Yeast protein network could provide insights into human obesity Posted: 01 Jun 2015 02:29 PM PDT A team of biologists and a mathematician has identified and characterized a network composed of 94 proteins that work together to regulate fat storage in yeast. The findings suggest that yeast could serve as a valuable test organism for studying human obesity.

New discoveries advance efforts to build replacement kidneys in the lab Posted: 01 Jun 2015 02:29 PM PDT Researchers are making progress in their quest to build replacement kidneys in the lab by using the more than 2,600 kidneys that are donated each year, but must be discarded due to abnormalities and other factors. The scientists aim to 'recycle' these organs to engineer tailor-made replacement kidneys for patients.

Researchers create new combination vaccine to fight Streptococcus A Posted: 01 Jun 2015 02:29 PM PDT A groundbreaking, combination vaccine has been developed that may finally beat Streptococcus A infections. Human trials are set to begin, early as next year, for the vaccine which combines the protein, SpyCEP, with a previously developed vaccine J8-DT.

Online hookup sites increase HIV rates in sometimes surprising ways Posted: 01 Jun 2015 02:29 PM PDT The introduction of Craigslist led to an increase in HIV infection cases of 13.5 percent in Florida over a four-year period, according to a new study. The estimated medical costs for those patients will amount to $710 million over the course of their lives, research shows.

Aging couples connected in sickness and health Posted: 01 Jun 2015 02:29 PM PDT As the world's population of older adults increases, so do conversations around successful aging -- including seniors' physical, mental and social well-being. Two major factors can predict an older person's quality of life: the physical health and the cognitive functioning of the person's spouse.

Bacteria may cause type 2 diabetes Posted: 01 Jun 2015 02:28 PM PDT Chronic exposure to a toxin made by Staphylococcus aureus (staph) bacteria produces the hallmark symptoms of Type 2 diabetes (T2D), including insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, in rabbits, new research shows. The findings suggest that eliminating staph bacteria or neutralizing the toxins might have potential for preventing or treating T2D.

New color blindness cause identified: Finding suggests potential therapeutic targets Posted: 01 Jun 2015 02:25 PM PDT A rare eye disorder marked by color blindness, light sensitivity, and other vision problems can result from a newly discovered gene mutation identified by an international research team. The findings could lead to new, targeted treatments for this form of color blindness.

New method may eliminate antibiotic use in livestock Posted: 01 Jun 2015 02:25 PM PDT An animal scientist has developed an antibiotic-free method to protect animals raised for food against common infections. The innovation comes as growing public concern about antibiotic resistance has induced McDonald's, Tyson Foods and other industry giants to announce major cuts in antibiotic use in meat production. About 80 percent of antibiotics in the United States are used by farmers, because they both protect against disease and accelerate weight gain in many farm animals.

Picture perfect: Researchers use photos to understand how diabetes affects kids Posted: 01 Jun 2015 11:53 AM PDT If a picture is worth a thousand words, Type 1 diabetes researchers have tapped into an encyclopedia, revealing new insights into how young people cope with the disease. The study found key differences in adolescents of different genders and socioeconomic classes that could shape patient care and diabetes education, especially for boys and less-affluent young people.

Using robots, scientists assemble promising antimicrobial compounds Posted: 01 Jun 2015 11:53 AM PDT There's an urgent demand for new antimicrobial compounds that are effective against constantly emerging drug-resistant bacteria. Two robotic chemical-synthesizing machines at the Molecular Foundry have joined the search.

Microgravity experiments may help lighten the load of joint diseases Posted: 01 Jun 2015 11:53 AM PDT Going into space might wreak havoc on our bodies, but a new set of microgravity experiments may help shed light on new approaches for treating cartilage diseases on Earth. A team of scientists suggests that our cartilage--tissue that serves as a cushion between bones--might be able to survive microgravity relatively unscathed.

Kit may help train global health providers to insert, remove contraceptive implants Posted: 01 Jun 2015 11:49 AM PDT To address a global health challenge, a team of biomedical engineering undergraduates has developed a kit to teach front-line health care workers in developing countries how to implant contraceptives.

Multimodality treatment for metastatic lung cancer that includes surgery may improve survival rates Posted: 01 Jun 2015 11:49 AM PDT Patients diagnosed with an advanced form of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may benefit from surgical resection (removal of all or part of the lung) in combination with chemotherapy and radiation therapy, new research suggests.

Available genetic data could help doctors make better use of cardiovascular drugs Posted: 01 Jun 2015 10:48 AM PDT Few heart specialists make use of published information about interactions between drugs used to treat cardiovascular disease and the genetic variations that affect how patients respond to them, researchers say. As a result, a group of physicians combed through the literature on the pharmacogenomics of the leading cardiovascular drugs and compiled summaries.

Zinc in the body may contribute to kidney stones Posted: 01 Jun 2015 10:06 AM PDT New research on kidney stone formation reveals that zinc levels may contribute to kidney stone formation, a common urinary condition that can cause excruciating pain. The research found that zinc may be the core by which stone formation starts.

Sex and musculoskeletal health: Differences between males and females Posted: 01 Jun 2015 10:05 AM PDT Woman in general have a higher incidence of osteoporosis-related hip fractures yet, conversely, they have a lower rate of mortality than men with the same fracture, according to a new study.

Canada's radon guidelines are inadequate, experts say Posted: 01 Jun 2015 10:05 AM PDT Radon gas is a silent health threat, and Canada needs to align its guidelines for acceptable radon levels with World Health Organization limits, argues a physician expert.

Despite guidelines, too many medical tests are performed before low-risk procedures Posted: 01 Jun 2015 10:05 AM PDT Despite guideline recommendations to limit medical tests before low-risk surgeries, electrocardiograms and chest X-rays are still performed frequently, found a Canadian study.

10th-century medical philosophy and computer simulation in research Posted: 01 Jun 2015 09:26 AM PDT The writings of a 10th-century medical philosopher are being linked to the use of computer simulation as an alternative to using animals in medical research.

Drug prevents passage of HBV during pregnancy Posted: 01 Jun 2015 09:25 AM PDT The antiviral drug telbivudine prevents perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus, according to a study. Hepatitis B virus, which has infected nearly two billion people worldwide, is a leading cause of liver disease.

At peak fertility, women who desire to maintain body attractiveness report they eat less Posted: 01 Jun 2015 09:25 AM PDT Women near peak fertility -- those nearing ovulation -- and who are motivated to manage their body appearance, reported they desire to lose weight and so ate fewer calories. Previous ovulation research has attributed reduced eating solely to neuroendocrinological factors. The new findings indicate an additional factor is a woman's concern about her body appearance, say authors.

Civilian physicians feel underprepared to treat veterans, survey finds Posted: 01 Jun 2015 09:25 AM PDT A survey of nearly 150 U.S. physicians who frequently treat veterans found civilian doctors aren't adequately trained in health issues related to military service. More than half of the respondent indicated they were not comfortable discussing health-related exposures and risks that veterans might experience such as depleted uranium, smoke and chemical weapons.

Fructose contributes to weight gain, physical inactivity, and body fat, researchers find Posted: 01 Jun 2015 09:25 AM PDT Matched calorie for calorie with the simple sugar glucose, fructose causes significant weight gain, physical inactivity, and body fat deposition, a new study has concluded. Because of the addition of high-fructose corn syrup to many soft drinks and processed baked goods, fructose currently accounts for 10 percent of caloric intake for U.S. citizens.

Study links exposure to common pesticide with ADHD in boys Posted: 01 Jun 2015 09:25 AM PDT A new study links a commonly used household pesticide with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and young teens. The study found an association between pyrethroid pesticide exposure and ADHD, particularly in terms of hyperactivity and impulsivity, rather than inattentiveness. The association was stronger in boys than in girls.

Missing link found between brain, immune system; major disease implications Posted: 01 Jun 2015 09:24 AM PDT In a stunning discovery that overturns decades of textbook teaching, researchers have determined that the brain is directly connected to the immune system by vessels previously thought not to exist. The discovery could have profound implications for diseases from autism to Alzheimer's to multiple sclerosis.

Poor sleep linked to toxic buildup of Alzheimer's protein, memory loss Posted: 01 Jun 2015 09:24 AM PDT Sleep may be a missing piece of the Alzheimer's puzzle. The toxic protein that is the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease blocks the deepest stages of sleep, resulting in memory decline, according to new research.

New anti-microbial compounds evade resistance with less toxicity Posted: 01 Jun 2015 09:24 AM PDT New compounds that specifically attack fungal infections without attacking human cells could transform treatment for such infections and point the way to targeted medicines that evade antibiotic resistance.

Scientists reveal epigenome maps of the human body's major organs Posted: 01 Jun 2015 09:24 AM PDT While the genome of an individual is the same in every cell, epigenomes vary since they are closely related to the genes a cell is actually using at any given time. A new atlas of human organ epigenomes provides a starting place to understand the role of chemical markers in development, health and disease.

Researcher discovers metabolite of prostate cancer drug more effective at treating aggressive tumors Posted: 01 Jun 2015 09:24 AM PDT A metabolite of an FDA-approved drug for metastatic prostate cancer, abiraterone, has more anti-cancer properties than its precursor, researchers have discovered for the first time. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men, with nearly 240,000 new cases diagnosed each year in the United State.

Medical home intervention with shared savings shows quality, utilization improvements Posted: 01 Jun 2015 09:24 AM PDT By paying bonuses to participating medical practices based on reaching quality and spending benchmarks, shared savings contracts created direct financial incentives to contain the costs and utilization of care without compromising the quality of care. This intervention also helped practices develop care management systems, and health plans gave participating practices timely data on their patients' use of hospitals and emergency departments.

Breastfeeding may lower risk of childhood leukemia, study suggests Posted: 01 Jun 2015 09:24 AM PDT Breastfeeding for six months or longer was associated with a lower risk of childhood leukemia compared with children who were never breastfed or who were breastfed for a shorter time, according to an article.

Study explores reasons behind alcohol abuse in non-heterosexual women Posted: 01 Jun 2015 09:23 AM PDT Non-heterosexual women who feel a disconnect between who they are attracted to and how they identify themselves may have a higher risk of alcohol abuse, according to a new study.

How does human behavior lead to surgical errors? Researchers count the ways Posted: 01 Jun 2015 09:23 AM PDT Why are major surgical errors called "never events?" Because they shouldn't happen -- but do. Researchers identified 69 never events among 1.5 million invasive procedures performed over five years and detailed why each occurred.

Scientists discover protein that plays key role in streptococcal infections Posted: 01 Jun 2015 08:22 AM PDT The effort to identify new ways of fighting infections has taken a step forward now that scientists have identified a key protein involved in the host's response to strep infections, scientists report.

Trials show immune drugs effective in advanced melanomas Posted: 01 Jun 2015 08:22 AM PDT Results of two clinical trials show continued promise of immune therapies nivolumab and pembrolizumab against advanced melanomas, specifically in the context of PD1 signaling that some tumors use to avoid immune system attack.

Insulin degludec: No hint of added benefit in children and adolescents Posted: 01 Jun 2015 08:22 AM PDT With regard to insulin degludec, no added benefit for adolescents and children with diabetes mellitus can be derived from the drug manufacturer dossier. In girls with type 1 diabetes, severe side effects were more frequent.

Researchers' discovery may explain difficulty in treating Lyme disease Posted: 01 Jun 2015 08:22 AM PDT The bac­terium that causes Lyme dis­ease forms dor­mant per­sister cells, which are known to evade antibi­otics, researchers have discovered. This sig­nif­i­cant finding, they said, could help explain why it's so dif­fi­cult to treat the infec­tion in some patients.

New perspective on phantom eye syndrome Posted: 01 Jun 2015 08:22 AM PDT Approximately half of patients who have an eye removed because of a form of eye cancer experience `phantom eye syndrome,' new research concludes. Patients with the condition experience "seeing" and pain in the eye that is no longer there. Researchers assessed 179 patients whose eye had been removed as a result of a cancer, called intraocular melanoma.

Twitter shared news of first Ebola case 3 days before officials Posted: 01 Jun 2015 08:21 AM PDT Tweets regarding the Ebola outbreak in West Africa last summer reached more than 60 million people in the three days prior to official outbreak announcements, according to a study.

Common antibiotic part of a new potential pancreatic cancer therapy Posted: 01 Jun 2015 07:47 AM PDT A new promising combination therapy has been discovered for the treatment of one of the most deadly and difficult cancers to manage. Scientists developed a novel combination of an experimental drug and a common antibiotic that has shown encouraging results in treating pancreatic cancer in preclinical experiments.

The less you sleep, the more you eat Posted: 01 Jun 2015 07:45 AM PDT Factors influencing food intake have, and continue to be, a hotly contested subject. A new paper suggests that disrupted sleep could be one factor contributing to excessive food intake and thus leading to long term chronic health damage in both adults and children.

Vitamin D, calcium supplements do not improve menopausal symptoms Posted: 01 Jun 2015 07:45 AM PDT Women who took vitamin D and calcium supplements had the same number of menopausal symptoms as women who did not take the supplements, according to a study. Involving 34,157 women, the study is part of the Women's Health Initiative, one of the largest clinical trials to address the most common causes of death, disability and impaired quality of life in menopausal women.

Neurotoxin found in commercial seafood Posted: 01 Jun 2015 07:44 AM PDT Popular commercial seafood purchased from Swedish supermarkets at the Stockholm region contains Beta-Methylamino-L-Alanine (BMAA). BMAA is a naturally-occurring amino acid with a possible link to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. It is the first screening study to measure BMAA in commercial seafood from metropolitan markets.

New study reviews undertreated side effect from cancer treatment and recommendations for managing symptoms Posted: 01 Jun 2015 07:44 AM PDT An extensive literature review has found that side effects from regorafenib like redness and swelling may be undertreated. Also included in this study are recommendations from experienced oncologists and dermatologists that outline supportive measures to help prevent or reduce Hand-Foot-Skin-Reaction (HFSR) symptoms. Better management of HFSR may allow patients to continue to take regorafenib at an optimal dose.

Anastrozole prevents recurrence more than tamoxifen in some with noninvasive breast cancer Posted: 01 Jun 2015 06:22 AM PDT Anastrozole provides a significant benefit compared with tamoxifen in preventing recurrence after a lumpectomy and radiation therapy in postmenopausal women ages 60 years or younger who had DCIS (ductal carcinoma in situ), a common diagnosis of non-invasive breast cancer. In women over age 60, it works as well as tamoxifen. The benefit reported in this trial appeared later in follow up of the women in the study.

Poliovirus study finds that less is more Posted: 01 Jun 2015 06:21 AM PDT A modified poliovirus therapy that is showing promising results for patients with glioblastoma brain tumors works best at a low dosage, according to the research team where the investigational therapy is being pioneered.

Genome assembly in minutes: Deciphering the ‘book of life’ with supercomputers Posted: 01 Jun 2015 06:21 AM PDT Scientists have simplified and sped up genome assembly, reducing a months-long process to mere minutes. This was primarily achieved by "parallelizing" the code to harness the processing power of supercomputers.

Gut check: Does a hospital stay set patients up for sepsis by disrupting the body’s microbiome? Posted: 01 Jun 2015 06:20 AM PDT Can a routine hospital stay upset the balance of microbes in our bodies so much that it sets some older people up for a life-threatening health crisis called sepsis? A new study suggests this may be the case.

Unconscious use of 'medical marijuana? ' Hunter-gatherer cannabis use linked to fewer internal parasites Posted: 01 Jun 2015 05:27 AM PDT Researchers have found that the more hunter-gatherers smoke cannabis, the less they are infected by intestinal worms. The link suggests that they may unconsciously be, in effect, smoking medical marijuana.

Research highlights link between neighborhood and partner violence Posted: 01 Jun 2015 05:25 AM PDT People who had more social support, including trust and a sense of belonging, were less likely to experience emotional or verbal abuse while in a relationship, reports a new study.

Teen drinking countered by laws that curb adult binge drinking Posted: 01 Jun 2015 05:25 AM PDT A new study reveals that US states with stronger alcohol policies have lower rates of youth overall drinking and binge drinking. The study's results further suggest that the link is largely a result of policies intended mostly for adults and their effects on reducing adult binge drinking.

Massive weight loss fuels surge in plastic surgery Posted: 01 Jun 2015 05:25 AM PDT Data shows an increase in weight loss surgeries may be having a ripple effect in plastic surgery. In 2013 there were about 500 weight loss surgeries a day and a year later there's been a surge in associated plastic surgeries. After a large weight loss, many patients are left with much sagging skin, and a growing number are turning to plastic surgery for removal.

Patient information too high for patients' literacy: New Australian research Posted: 01 Jun 2015 05:25 AM PDT More than 90 percent of educational materials written for kidney disease patients is higher than an average patient's literacy, according to a new Australian study. The average adult patient has an 8th grade literacy level but over 20 per cent of patients read at or below a 5th grade level. Of patients over the age of 65, 40 per cent read at or below a 5th grade level.

New way to tackle vaccine hesitancy tested, found wanting Posted: 01 Jun 2015 05:25 AM PDT Many parents hesitate to vaccinate their children. And delaying or refusing vaccines can lead to outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases, as recently happened with measles at Disneyland. Doctors can influence decisions about childhood vaccines, but they may lack confidence in addressing concerns about vaccines. The first randomized trial to test an intervention aimed at improving hesitancy about early childhood vaccines by working directly with doctors has now been conducted by researchers.

Western diet may increase risk of death after prostate cancer diagnosis Posted: 01 Jun 2015 05:25 AM PDT After a prostate cancer diagnosis, eating a diet higher in red and processed meat, high-fat dairy foods, and refined grains -- known as a Western diet -- may lead to a significantly higher risk of both prostate cancer-related mortality and overall mortality compared with eating a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, fish, whole grains, and healthy oils, according to a new study.

Study analyzes link between psychotropic drugs, homicide risk Posted: 01 Jun 2015 05:25 AM PDT A study analyzing the Finnish homicide and prescription drug databases discovered that the use of certain drugs that affect the central nervous system are associated with an increased risk of committing a homicide. The greatest risk was associated with the use of painkillers and tranquillizing benzodiazepines, while anti-depressants were linked only to a slightly elevated risk. The study is the first one of its kind in the world.

73% of insomniacs cured after 1-hour therapy session Posted: 01 Jun 2015 05:24 AM PDT In the first ever study to attempt to treat insomnia in the acute phase -- before it becomes chronic -- researchers found that almost three-quarters of participants saw improvements in the quality of their sleep within three months following a 60-minute cognitive behavioural therapy session.

Revolutionary technology to improve bedside tumor diagnosis in patients Posted: 01 Jun 2015 05:24 AM PDT A mini hybrid gamma ray camera has been developed and is expected to revolutionize identification and removal of tumors and lymph nodes. A 'hybrid technology' mini camera combines optical and gamma imaging to improve diagnosis and lymph and tumour removal efficiency. The small size of camera allows for bedside diagnosis as well as for small organ imaging, surgical investigation and visualisation of drug delivery. Researchers are also investigating other clinical applications for the technology including thyroid, lymphatic drainage and 'lacrimal drainage'

Helping hearing impaired hear movies Posted: 01 Jun 2015 05:24 AM PDT Hearing-impaired people face a challenge at the theater or cinema. New technology promises a remedy integrated into two apps that allow the hearing impaired to adjust the sound to match their individual needs – allowing them to follow the story through their headphones.

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