ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Microscopic view of coughed-up mucus may be new biomarker for cystic fibrosis progression
• Low physical activity responsible for 17 percent of cardiovascular deaths in Argentina
• The dilemma of screening for prostate cancer
• Different types of child abuse: Similar consequences
• Scientists convert skin cells into placenta-generating cells
• Latest experiment at Large Hadron Collider reports first results
• Exoskeleton to ensure an active old age
• One step closer to a new drug for alcohol dependence
• The gaze that hinders expression
• Neutrophils starve fungal invaders
• A molecular switch to stop inflammation
• Lack of referrals for suspected cancer leads to more deaths
• Sleep deprivation affects stem cells, reducing transplant efficiency, study finds
• Most teen mood swings decline with age
• Stress during pregnancy related to children's later movement, coordination
• Drop off feared in the number of physicians conducting research
• Inhalant use linked to head injuries, traumatic experiences and mental illness
• Retail clinics best used as backup to a patient's primary care physician
• Lower systolic blood pressure reduces risk of hypertension complication
• Drug-resistant E. coli continues to climb in community health settings
• Destructive disease shows potential as a cancer treatment
• Benefit of early physical therapy for low-back pain appears modest
• Nonmedical prescription opioid use disorders, deaths increase in the US
• Number of addicted rises, but percentage in drug treatment remains stagnant
• Revised measure provides means to assess parents' ignoring of children’s emotions

Microscopic view of coughed-up mucus may be new biomarker for cystic fibrosis progression Posted: 14 Oct 2015 05:45 PM PDT Researchers have been studying mucus in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients, and their primary goal was to design inhalable therapeutic nanoparticles that cross the cystic fibrosis mucus barrier in the lung. But the work recently led the researchers to the unexpected discovery that mucus appears to change as the disease progresses; the mobility of these nanoparticles could vary widely in mucus from different patients.

Low physical activity responsible for 17 percent of cardiovascular deaths in Argentina Posted: 14 Oct 2015 05:39 PM PDT Low levels of physical activity are responsible for 17 percent of cardiovascular deaths in Argentina, reveals new research.

The dilemma of screening for prostate cancer Posted: 14 Oct 2015 10:24 AM PDT Primary care providers are put in a difficult position when screening their male patients for prostate cancer -- some guidelines suggest that testing the general population lacks evidence whereas others state that it is appropriate in certain patients. Now a new perspective piece offers some guidance on when to screen patients and how to involve them in decisions about screening and treatment.

Different types of child abuse: Similar consequences Posted: 14 Oct 2015 09:10 AM PDT Emotional abuse may be as harmful as physical abuse and neglect. This finding complements previous imaging research showing that emotional and physical pain both activate the same parts of the brain.

Scientists convert skin cells into placenta-generating cells Posted: 14 Oct 2015 08:04 AM PDT Regenerative medicine is a new and expanding area that aims to replace lost or damaged cells, tissues or organs in the human body through cellular transplantation. Now, researchers have succeeded in converting skin cells into stable and fully functional placenta-generating cells.

Latest experiment at Large Hadron Collider reports first results Posted: 14 Oct 2015 08:00 AM PDT After a two-year hiatus, the Large Hadron Collider, the largest and most powerful particle accelerator in the world, began its second run of experiments in June, smashing together subatomic particles at 13 teraelectronvolts (TeV) -- the highest energy ever achieved in a laboratory. Physicists hope that such high-energy collisions may produce completely new particles, and potentially simulate the conditions that were seen in the early universe.

Exoskeleton to ensure an active old age Posted: 14 Oct 2015 05:54 AM PDT Researchers are creating portable robot skeletons for the elderly so they can continue to be active longer. Think of it as a tool, not as a robot, says researcher.

One step closer to a new drug for alcohol dependence Posted: 14 Oct 2015 05:51 AM PDT Researchers might be one step closer to finding an effective drug for alcohol dependence. In two separate studies, they show that the so-called dopamine stabilizer OSU6162 can reduce the craving for alcohol in alcohol dependent people and normalizes the level of dopamine in the brain reward system of rats that have consumed alcohol over a long period of time. However, thorough clinical studies are needed to determine if the OSU6162 also can help alcohol dependent people drink less alcohol.

The gaze that hinders expression Posted: 14 Oct 2015 05:51 AM PDT It is not enough to observe what abilities are altered in autistic subjects, we also need to understand how each function interacts with the others. In fact, whereas in normal subjects joint attention appears to facilitate facial mimicry (both are skills relevant for human social interaction), the opposite holds true for autistic subjects, a new study suggests.

Neutrophils starve fungal invaders Posted: 14 Oct 2015 05:51 AM PDT The most frequent immune cells in the human blood, so-called neutrophils, efficiently kill invading microorganisms and slowly starve microbes to death by removing crucial trace elements, report researchers.

A molecular switch to stop inflammation Posted: 14 Oct 2015 05:50 AM PDT Our immune system is vital to us and can sometimes overreact causing chronic illnesses, such as for instance rheumatism and allergy. Now, researchers have identified a molecular switch – MYSM1 – that can suppress such an overreaction and avoid inflammation.

Lack of referrals for suspected cancer leads to more deaths Posted: 14 Oct 2015 05:48 AM PDT Deaths are higher in cancer patients whose GPs do not regularly send patients through the two-week urgent referral route for suspected cancer, suggests a British study.

Sleep deprivation affects stem cells, reducing transplant efficiency, study finds Posted: 14 Oct 2015 05:48 AM PDT Drowsy mice make poor stem cell donors, according to a new study. Although the research was done in mice, the findings have possible implications for bone marrow transplants, more properly called hematopoietic stem cell transplants, in humans.

Most teen mood swings decline with age Posted: 14 Oct 2015 05:48 AM PDT A new longitudinal study of adolescents looked at the development of teens' emotional stability. It found that mood swings gradually decline as teens age. Additionally, the study identifies when instability could require intervention.

Stress during pregnancy related to children's later movement, coordination Posted: 14 Oct 2015 05:48 AM PDT Stress experienced during pregnancy is related to a child's motor development, found a longitudinal study of 2,900 mothers. Stress experienced by mothers during pregnancy is also related to their children's behavior, as well as mental and cognitive outcomes in middle childhood and into adolescence, previous work has demonstrated.

Drop off feared in the number of physicians conducting research Posted: 13 Oct 2015 03:27 PM PDT Physician-scientists are responsible for many lifesaving medical discoveries but their ranks could be thinning in coming years, warn experts.

Inhalant use linked to head injuries, traumatic experiences and mental illness Posted: 13 Oct 2015 03:27 PM PDT Incarcerated youth who have suffered head injuries, traumatic experiences and mental illness diagnoses are more likely to abuse multiple inhalants, according to researchers.

Retail clinics best used as backup to a patient's primary care physician Posted: 13 Oct 2015 02:59 PM PDT Retail health clinics -- now commonly present in drugstores and/or big box retailers -- are best used as a backup alternative to a patient's primary care physician for the diagnosis and treatment of episodic minor illnesses, according to The American College of Physicians.

Lower systolic blood pressure reduces risk of hypertension complication Posted: 13 Oct 2015 11:43 AM PDT Lowering systolic blood pressure below the currently recommended target can reduce the risk of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), the most common complication of high blood pressure, according to new research.

Drug-resistant E. coli continues to climb in community health settings Posted: 13 Oct 2015 10:55 AM PDT Drug-resistant E. coli infections are on the rise in community hospitals, where more than half of US patients receive their health care, according to a new study.

Destructive disease shows potential as a cancer treatment Posted: 13 Oct 2015 10:55 AM PDT Scientists have discovered a protein from malaria that could one day help stop cancer in its tracks. This new approach, which halted the growth of various tumours in mice, was based on a discovery made while exploring why pregnant women are particularly susceptible to malaria.

Benefit of early physical therapy for low-back pain appears modest Posted: 13 Oct 2015 10:34 AM PDT Early physical therapy for recent-onset low back pain resulted in statistically significant improvement in disability compared to usual care, but the improvement was modest and did not achieve a difference considered clinically important at the individual patient level, according to a new study.

Nonmedical prescription opioid use disorders, deaths increase in the US Posted: 13 Oct 2015 10:34 AM PDT From 2003 to 2013, the percentage of nonmedical use of prescription opioids decreased among adults in the U.S., while the prevalence of prescription opioid use disorders, frequency of use, and related deaths increased.

Number of addicted rises, but percentage in drug treatment remains stagnant Posted: 13 Oct 2015 10:34 AM PDT Despite the quadrupling of heroin overdose deaths over the past decade and a dramatic rise in deaths from prescription painkillers, the percentage of people getting treatment for their opioid abuse and dependence has remained the same, new research suggests.

Revised measure provides means to assess parents' ignoring of children’s emotions Posted: 13 Oct 2015 07:36 AM PDT Ignoring children's emotional outbursts is a strategy commonly employed by parents with a wide range of psychological know-how, drawing on their intuition, family tradition, modeling, or simple desperation. Despite its widespread use, parental ignoring has previously received little attention or assessment by child development professionals.

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