ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Using light to treat Alzheimer's disease
• Child with drug-resistant TB successfully treated at American hospital
• Programmable electronic glasses provide children effective, digital lazy eye treatment
• Prostate cancer screening under age of 55 may be of limited value
• Falls and brawls top list of causes for eye injuries in United States
• Meeting transportation needs will improve lives of those with ASD, their families
• Breakthrough in the treatment of HIV by successfully developing a prototype vaccine vector
• Disparities in colorectal cancer death rates take a large economic toll
• Receiving curative lung cancer surgery varies by state
• Healthy diet may reduce risk of ovarian cancer in African-American women
• Predicting breast cancer risk in Hispanic women
• FDA approves adjuvant yervoy in melanoma
• CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing: Check three times, cut once
• Exploring vulnerabilities of the Cryptosporidium parasite
• Small steps may help when dealing with a growing diabetes problem, expert says
• Researchers identify new diabetes risk mechanism
• Researchers pinpoint roadblocks to lab-grown stem cells' maturation

Using light to treat Alzheimer's disease Posted: 15 Nov 2015 04:24 PM PST Medical application of photoactive chemicals offers a promising therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases.

Child with drug-resistant TB successfully treated at American hospital Posted: 15 Nov 2015 04:21 PM PST Specialists report they have successfully treated and put in remission a 2-year-old, now age 5, with a highly virulent form of tuberculosis known as XDR TB, or extensively drug-resistant TB.

Programmable electronic glasses provide children effective, digital lazy eye treatment Posted: 14 Nov 2015 03:52 PM PST Programmable digital glasses for lazy eye work as well as eye patching, study shows, improving vision by about 2 lines on the reading chart after 3 months. First new effective lazy eye treatment in 50 years.

Prostate cancer screening under age of 55 may be of limited value Posted: 14 Nov 2015 03:50 PM PST Mass prostate cancer (PSA) screening before the age of 55 may not have any benefit over screening starting after the age of 55, according to a new 20 year analysis of 6822 patients.

Falls and brawls top list of causes for eye injuries in United States Posted: 14 Nov 2015 03:50 PM PST Fighting and assault caused nearly 8,000 eye injuries treated in hospitals from 2002-2011, while falling led causes of ocular trauma with more than 8,500 incidents reported.

Meeting transportation needs will improve lives of those with ASD, their families Posted: 13 Nov 2015 11:45 AM PST An integrated approach to providing access to reliable and safe transportation is needed for adults on the autism spectrum and their families, according to a new study that offers recommendations for removing barriers to better mobility.

Breakthrough in the treatment of HIV by successfully developing a prototype vaccine vector Posted: 13 Nov 2015 07:59 AM PST Scientists have developed a prototype HIV vaccine vector using a similar approach to that used for a vaccination for Ebola and Malaria.

Disparities in colorectal cancer death rates take a large economic toll Posted: 13 Nov 2015 07:56 AM PST Disparities in colorectal cancer death rates take a large toll on the national economy, with poorer, less-educated communities bearing the greatest burden, according to new data.

Receiving curative lung cancer surgery varies by state Posted: 13 Nov 2015 07:56 AM PST The likelihood of receiving curative-intent surgery for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer varies substantially from state to state, according to new data.

Healthy diet may reduce risk of ovarian cancer in African-American women Posted: 13 Nov 2015 07:56 AM PST A healthy diet may reduce the risk of ovarian cancer in African-American women, according to new data.

Predicting breast cancer risk in Hispanic women Posted: 13 Nov 2015 07:56 AM PST The first breast cancer risk-prediction model based entirely on data from Hispanic women, including whether a woman was born in or outside of the United States, provided a more accurate assessment of Hispanic women's risk of developing breast cancer compared with existing models based on data from non-Hispanic women.

FDA approves adjuvant yervoy in melanoma Posted: 13 Nov 2015 07:53 AM PST Based on the results of EORTC trial 18071, the FDA expanded the approval of Yervoy (ipilimumab) in melanoma to include adjuvant treatment of patients with stage 3 melanoma at high risk of recurrence following complete resection.

CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing: Check three times, cut once Posted: 12 Nov 2015 12:04 PM PST CRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful tool to edit genomes, but off-target edits are a concern. Now studies detail three checks the Cas9 protein makes to ensure it binds the right DNA and that the sequence matches the RNA primer sufficiently to warrant cutting. At most off-target sites, Cas9 binds for milliseconds. Once it sticks for about a minute, two distant regions of the protein come together like the blades of a scissors to trigger cutting.

Exploring vulnerabilities of the Cryptosporidium parasite Posted: 12 Nov 2015 12:04 PM PST Cryptosporidium parvum is a gastrointestinal parasite that can cause moderate to severe diarrhea in children and adults, and deadly opportunistic infection in AIDS patients. Because C. parvum is resistant to chlorine disinfectant treatment, it frequently causes water-borne outbreaks around the world. A new study provides a detailed analysis of a C. parvum protein that is central to glycolysis -- the only pathway by which the parasite can generate energy -- and identifies it as a potential drug target.

Small steps may help when dealing with a growing diabetes problem, expert says Posted: 12 Nov 2015 10:47 AM PST Small steps can equal big changes when it comes to diabetes. A doctor explains how to lower your risk for diabetes and pre-diabetes.

Researchers identify new diabetes risk mechanism Posted: 12 Nov 2015 09:42 AM PST An unexpected effect from a gene known to increase diabetes risk has been identified by researchers. They assumed that the specific allele in the gene TCF7L2 which increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, impairs insulin production in response to increased insulin resistance. Some slight evidence of that was found, but more significantly the researchers discovered that this variant impaired a person's ability to balance blood sugar (glucose) by suppressing glucagon – the hormone that raises the level of glucose in the bloodstream.

Researchers pinpoint roadblocks to lab-grown stem cells' maturation Posted: 12 Nov 2015 09:39 AM PST A new study of mouse cells has revealed reasons why attempts to grow stem cells to maturity in the laboratory often fail, and provided a possible way to overcome such 'developmental arrest.'

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